Natural compounds in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of hormonal regulation and therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder characterized by irregularities in gonadotropin secretion, hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. In addition, it often associated with metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance (IR). This affects approximately 6–20% of individuals, primarily emerging during early adolescence, considerably increases the risk conditions such as impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, postpartum complications. To date, there no standardized protocol for treating PCOS. Existing therapies rely on personalized pharmacotherapy lifestyle modifications. However, these treatments may lead to adverse effects, medications prescribed PCOS are used off-label have not secured approval from U.S. Food Drug Administration specifically this condition. Recently, natural compounds garnered considerable attention due their efficacy hormone modulation minimal toxicity. Substances myo-inositol, resveratrol, berberine, quercetin shown promise mitigating symptoms. Their multi-target properties offer potential achieve outcomes unattainable single-target pharmaceuticals, particularly managing heterogeneous conditions. review aims comprehensively analyze vivo vitro research alongside clinical interventions evaluate influence prevalence therapeutic potential. These investigations lay groundwork developing innovative strategies

Language: Английский

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Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2)

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 429 - 429

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research LEAP-2 endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist GHSR1a receptor. By acting competitive to ghrelin, influences energy balance metabolic processes via ghrelin–GHSR1a signaling pathway. alone or LEAP-2/ghrelin molar ratio showed potential therapeutic targets for obesity, diabetes, disorders. This review explores recent advances modulation regulation, highlighting its treating above diseases.

Language: Английский

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Burden of female infertility in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Objective To explore the global burden of female infertility from 1990 to 2021 by examining trends in prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD).

Language: Английский

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Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome

Medicinska istrazivanja, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(4), P. 93 - 102

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome, commonly abbreviated as PCOS, the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is a multifaceted disease characterized by various hormonal imbalances and great degree variation its clinical presentation. This, coupled with etiology pathogenesis being incompletely understood, results broad spectrum that challenging to accurately diagnose manage. The primary features which PCOS manifests include hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, polycystic ovarian morphology, though all three are not necessarily present patients. Hyperandrogenism, manifesting hirsutism, acne, male-pattern alopecia, significantly affects both physical psychological wellbeing these Ovulatory presenting irregular menstrual cycles due oligo/anovulation, an important element PCOS's presentation leads infertility some patients' experience. associated insulin resistance consequent hyperinsulinemia metabolic disorders, seen Subsequently, affected at greater risk obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, particularly later life. rate mood namely depression anxiety, also increased this population. complex nature syndrome makes difficulties patient care, chronic emphasizes proactive stance when it comes treatment, but careful assessment elements disease.

Language: Английский

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Association of insulin resistance surrogates with live birth outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Insulin resistance (IR) is a common pathophysiologic feature in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there have been no studies investigating the association of IR surrogates pregnancy outcomes women PCOS undergoing vitro fertilization (IVF). Therefore, we explored between these factors among patients. We conducted retrospective study that included who underwent IVF at university-affiliated hospital. Blood samples and physical examinations are collected reproductive center on fasting morning 2nd to 4th day menstrual cycle prior medication. categorized participants into "Non-IR group" (HOMA-IR < 2.2) "IR ≥ 2.2). The [triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR)] was evaluated by regression analysis. Moreover, also performed sensitivity analyses stratification interaction tests. primary outcome variable live birth rate. A total 543 were finally study. In all three models for fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles, showed stable negative correlations rate (in Model III: TyG-BMI OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98 ~ 0.99; TyG 0.47, 0.27 0.82; HOMA-IR 0.84, 0.72 0.97; P 0.05), this across subgroups population (all P-interaction > 0.05). relationship did not exist frozen-thawed (FET) cycles. Furthermore, our found superior predicting ET cycles [TyG-BMI: 0.64 (95% 0.58, 0.69) vs. TyG: 0.61 0.55, 0.67) HOMA-IR: 0.60 0.67)]. Our revealed (TyG-BMI, HOMA-IR) negatively associated rates FET

Language: Английский

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Polycystic ovary syndrome: Criteria, phenotypes, race and ethnicity

Reproductive Medicine and Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy, which leads to ovulation dysfunction and infertility, as well metabolic mental disorders. Women with PCOS exhibit several characteristic symptoms, marked heterogeneity across different races ethnicities. Methods In this review, the author outlines phenotypic disparities of among various racial ethnic populations. First, prevalence major symptoms in groups summarized. Next, effects four phenotypes, derived from Rotterdam criteria for PCOS, on reproductive features are recapitulated. Main Findings A growing body evidence suggests that East Asian populations less hirsutism adiposity compared other groups. However, more prevalent South Asian, Middle Eastern, Hispanic African American have frequent obesity insulin resistance. With regard association between disorders differences, limited studies exist; therefore, no conclusions can be drawn. Conclusion Race ethnicity‐specific factors related must considered clinical practice. The diagnostic should specific race ethnicity avoid missing treatment opportunities.

Language: Английский

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Study on the Mechanism of the Chinese Herbal Pair Banxia-Chenpi in Ameliorating Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on the CYP17A1 Gene

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119503 - 119503

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Human-Artificial Intelligence Collaborations in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Clinical Trials and Research

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Concerns of Women Diagnosed With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Regarding the Process and Having Children: A Qualitative Study

International Journal of Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Aim: This study aims to examine the concerns of women diagnosed with PCOS regarding process and childbearing using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Methods: qualitative research was conducted between February June 2024 17 women, aged 18–35 years, who had been within past 1–12 months visited a Women’s Health Clinic at Training Research Hospital. The data were collected through personal information form semistructured interview form, individual face‐to‐face structured interviews. Results: emotions expressed in interviews categorized under three main themes: “Emotions Experienced Upon Diagnosis,” “Anxiety Regarding Childbearing,” “Sources Information.” During interviews, participants narrated their experiences related narrative flow. findings revealed that most commonly experienced anxiety, sadness, about infertility. majority significant anxiety possibility not being able conceive. primary source disease Internet, followed by doctors, although it noted felt they did receive sufficient from doctors condition. Conclusion: highlights experience infertility after diagnosis, identifies factors influencing these anxieties. this may contribute development supportive healthcare emotion regulation strategies for PCOS.

Language: Английский

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Its Influence on Maternal Health

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that primarily affects women during their reproductive years, which caused by hormonal imbalance and metabolic issues. It significantly increases the risk of complications, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, high blood pressure, miscarriage, preterm delivery, need for cesarean delivery. Even if with PCOS choose to use assisted technology (ART), there notably elevated experiencing pregnancy complications unfavorable neonatal outcomes. Conducting epidemiological studies diagnose vulnerability early in large populations can greatly improve maternal health help reduce global mortality ratio (MMR). Epidemiological on often focus either endocrine or psychological aspects, rarely integrating both. Diagnosing per Rotterdam criteria typically requires ultrasound examinations, complicate large-scale involving more than 400 participants. This study included aged between 16 54 years Chennai educational institutes July 2024, was completed 402 participants 18–45 years. Participants questionnaires break times. Initially, we categorized population based symptoms alone, dividing them into complete (CH), low (LV), high-vulnerability (HV) groups. However, when recategorized well, discovered direct relationship increased heightened PCOS. Interestingly, rural areas, those from upper-middle-class backgrounds, girls under 18 exhibited lower burden dual stratification method allows us identify treatment options without relying solely examinations.

Language: Английский

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