An update on the clinical pharmacology of kratom: uses, abuse potential, and future considerations

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 131 - 142

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) has generated substantial clinical and scientific interest as a complex natural product. Its predominant alkaloid mitragynine several stereoisomers have been studied for activity in opioid, adrenergic, serotonin receptors. While awaiting trial results, the pre-clinical evidence suggests range of potential therapeutic applications kratom with careful consideration adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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Associations Between Sleep Duration and Lifestyle Risk Factors Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

American Journal of Health Promotion, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Purpose Examining the associations between sleep duration and lifestyle risk factors assessed whether sex modify such among U.S. adolescents. Design Cross-sectional study high school students from 2015-19 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Setting US, national. Subjects High grade 9-12 (n = 31 871). Measures Students reported hours of on an average night categorized into “less than 6 hours”, “6 to 7 hours” “8 more”. Lifestyle including physical inactivity, insufficient breakfast consumption, current tobacco use, binge drinking were self-reported dichotomized. Analysis Multivariable logistic regression models used estimate factors, adjusting for confounders. Results Compared with 8 more sleep, less had 79% 228% ( P < .01) increased odds consumption; 22% 0.0014) 74% drinking, respectively. There is a significant interaction .05) inactivity use. Conclusion Insufficient common US adolescents associated risks multiple which suggests great needs multilevel interventions address deprivation promote good hygiene

Language: Английский

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Beyond Confinement: A Systematic Review on Factors Influencing Binge Drinking Among Adolescents and Young Adults During the Pandemic

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1546 - 1546

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to enhance the understanding of factors influencing changes in binge drinking (BD) behavior during COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on its impact health individuals aged 12 25 years. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, encompassing studies published between January 2020 and September 2024. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocols. Inclusion criteria targeted focusing BD pandemic adolescents or school-aged without specific medical conditions. Exclusions included limited single gender, ethnicity, profession, as well doctoral theses editorials. JBI tools used assess quality selected studies. Results: From 33 (19 cross-sectional 14 longitudinal), trends varied: 2 reported an increase, while 21 indicated decrease. Key linked increased stressors (e.g., isolation, social disconnection non-compliance restrictions), psychosocial issues depression, anxiety, boredom, low resilience), prior substance use, sociodemographic variables education, economic extremes, living arrangements, family support). Female gender academic disengagement also risk factors. Conversely, like stay-at-home orders, fear contagion, support, studying sciences, resilient coping strategies contributed reduced BD. Other variables, such stress self-efficacy, had inconsistent effects. Conclusions: Factors contributing pandemic-related stress, mental conditions, unhealthy habits, protective coping. The highlights need for effective prevention intervention strategies, emphasizing holistic approach healthcare, early detection, tailored interventions, particularly vulnerable groups adolescents.

Language: Английский

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Substance Use among Cyberbullying Victims During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model of Mental Health Problems and Telemedicine Services Use

Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Association between early sexual initiation and forced sexual intercourse with polysubstance use among adolescents: Findings from a population-based study

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Associations Between U.S. High-School Student and Parental Job Loss During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Student Substance Use: Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (ABES), 2021

Substance Use & Misuse, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: April 9, 2025

Job loss among both adults and adolescents increased markedly early in the COVID-19 pandemic. While parental job has been associated with adverse effects, including adolescent substance use, no research is available on effects of use. Analyses Adolescent Behaviors Experiences Survey (ABES) data from January to June 2021 were conducted assess associations between parent student pre-pandemic employment status pandemic-era use behaviors. Cigarette, electronic vapor product (EVP), alcohol, drug examined a nationally representative sample 7,705 U.S. high-school students. Compared students who did not lose their during pandemic, reporting had significantly elevated prevalences current EVP (29.9% vs. 19.7%), drinking more alcohol pandemic (25.3% 16.7%), marijuana (25.8% 15.6%). Additionally, was all Higher levels loss, as well unemployment, indicate that care may be needed for those experiencing these losses. School-based intervention prevention programs, supports students, could useful.

Language: Английский

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Drug Overdose Deaths in Adolescents and Young Adults in Arizona, 2018–2022

Published: April 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Adolescents and Young Adults

JAACAP Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cannabis Use Among Students in Grades 8, 10, and 12, by Sex — King County, Washington, 2008–2021

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(2), P. 27 - 31

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Cannabis use during adolescence is associated with poor outcomes, including cognitive impairment, cannabis disorder, and impaired driving.To guide prevention reduction strategies, Public Health -Seattle & King County described recent trends in by sex among County, Washington students grades 8, 10, 12 examined sex-based differences.Data collected seven 2008-2021 survey periods the Healthy Youth Survey (administered State Department of Health) restricted to (range = 33,439-39,391 per cycle) were analyzed.Prevalence estimates generated prevalence differences (PDs) current (≥1 day previous 30 days) frequent (≥6 days assessed.PD models used weighted generalized linear regression an interaction between year.During 2008-2021, declined both male female students.During 2008-2014, was higher than (e.g., PD 2008 4.8%) not significantly different 2014-2016; however, 2021, current-use lower for first time (PD -1.3%).Frequent-use similar males females.By grade levels, highest observed 12th students, followed 10th 8th graders.Sex-specific mirrored overall patterns.Developing tailored interventions that consider potential risk protective factors or gender identity could promote equity youth (grades 12) measures.

Language: Английский

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Computer-Facilitated Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use Risk in Adolescent Patients of Pediatric Primary Care Offices: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Research Protocols, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e55039 - e55039

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Alcohol and other substance use disorders usually begin with in adolescence. Pediatric primary care offices, where most adolescents receive health care, are a promising venue for early identification of brief intervention to prevent associated problems the development disorder.

Language: Английский

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