Radiological hazard assessment due to natural radioactivity content in cement material used in Iraqi Kurdistan region

Acta Geophysica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 4, 2024

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Nanotechnology meets radiobiology: Fullerenols and Metallofullerenols as nano-shields in radiotherapy

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 117915 - 117915

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Biological effects of high-LET irradiation on the circulatory system

International Journal of Radiation Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: March 10, 2025

High-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation is generally thought to be more biologically effective in various tissues than low-LET radiation, but whether this also applies the circulatory system remains unclear. We therefore reviewed biological studies about effects of high-LET on system. identified 76 relevant papers (24 vitro, 2 ex vivo, 51 one overlapping). In vitro used human, bovine, porcine or chick vascular endothelial cells cardiomyocytes, while vivo hearts. mice, rats, rabbits, dogs pigs. The types were neutrons, α particles, heavy ions and negative pions. Most a single dose, although some investigated fractionation effects. Twenty-one estimated relative effectiveness (RBE) that ranged from 0.1 130, depending quality endpoint. A meta-analysis 6 8 (selected based feasibility estimating RBE its uncertainty) suggested an 6.69 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.51, 10.88) for 1.14 CI: 0.91, 1.37) studies. these 14 yielded 2.88 1.52, 4.25). This suggests only slightly substantial inter-study heterogeneity complicates interpretation. Therapeutic have been reported disease models. Further research needed better understand cardiovascular improve protection.

Language: Английский

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Aromatics from fossil fuels and breast cancer

iScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112204 - 112204

Published: March 1, 2025

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from fossil fuels initiate breast cancer in animal models, and humans a link between PAH exposure risk has been established. In women, it takes approximately two decades for PAH-exposed cells to progress diagnosable cancer, the needs happen during time window when is vulnerable PAHs. Further, not everyone exposed high levels of PAHs develops cancer. are most likely lead initiation among individuals who were utero through pregnant mothers environmental pollutants or maternal obesity both. These early life exposures shown increase daughter's later susceptibility by causing daughter (1) an number structures which place, (2) suppression, perhaps epigenetically, ability repair DNA damage caused inhibiting expression tumor suppressor genes, (3) persistent gut dysbiosis, then impacts immune microenvironment. Among that may be volatile BTEX compounds. Thus, aromatics involved efforts should directed toward reducing human these compounds prevent

Language: Английский

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Investigation of alpha emitters and health risk assessment in powdered milk samples consumed in Iraq using SSNTDs

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 111794 - 111794

Published: March 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Routine CT Diagnostics Cause Dose-Dependent Gene Expression Changes in Peripheral Blood Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3185 - 3185

Published: March 29, 2025

The increasing use of computed tomography (CT) has led to a rise in cumulative radiation dose due medical imaging, raising concerns about potential long-term adverse effects. Large-scale epidemiological studies indicate higher tumor incidence associated with CT examinations, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unexplained. To gain further insights into cellular response triggered by routine diagnostics, we investigated CT-induced changes gene expression peripheral blood cells using whole transcriptome sequencing. RNA was isolated from 40 male patients asymptomatic microhematuria, sampled before and after multi-phase abdominal (CTDIvol: 3.75–26.95 mGy, median: 6.55 mGy). On average, 22.11 million sequence reads (SD 5.71) per sample were generated identify differentially expressed genes 6 h post-exposure means DESeq2. assess dependency effects, additionally divided samples three categories: low exposure (≤6.55 n = 20), medium (>6.55 mGy <12 16), high (≥12 4), repeated analysis for each subset their corresponding prae-exposure sample. caused consistent dose-dependent upregulation six (EDA2R, AEN, FDXR, DDB2, PHLDA3, MIR34AHG; padj < 0.1). These share several functional commonalities, including regulation TP53 involvement DNA damage response. pathways highlighted Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggest increase metabolic particularities low-exposure subset, which may be related adaptive low-dose irradiation. Irrespective applied dose, AEN emerged as most robust biomarker among all genes. Routine scans cause deregulation association vivo exposure. Regarding risk assessment CT, our results support commonly “As Low–As –Reasonably Achievable (ALARA)” principle. Evidence additional processes indicates rather complex molecular beyond exposure, emphasizes need targeted investigations.

Language: Английский

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Population Studies and Molecular Mechanisms of Human Radioadaptive Capabilities: Is It Time to Rethink Radiation Safety Standards?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13543 - 13543

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

The evolution of man on Earth took place under conditions constant exposure to background ionizing radiation (IR). From this point view, it would be reasonable hypothesize the existence adaptive mechanisms that enable human organism safely interact with IR at levels approximating long-term natural levels. In some situations, successful operation molecular protection against is observed values significantly exceeding level, for example, in cancer cells. 15–25% patients, cells develop a phenotype resistant high doses IR. While further investigations are warranted, current evidence suggests strong probability observing positive health effects, including an increased lifespan, reduced risk, and decreased incidence congenital pathologies, precisely low radiation. This review offers arguments primarily based phenomenological approach critically reconsidering existing methodologies assessing biological risks health. Currently, most economically developed countries, there safety rules interpret low-dose as clearly negative environmental factor. Nowadays, may pose significant challenges advancement radiomedicine introduce complexities regulation sources. also examines play key role formation effects radioadaptive capabilities.

Language: Английский

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