Lithium and its effects: does dose matter? DOI Creative Commons
Mirko Manchia, Pasquale Paribello,

Martina Pinna

et al.

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Background Decades of clinical research have demonstrated the efficacy lithium in treating acute episodes (both manic and depressive), as well preventing recurrences bipolar disorder (BD). Specific to is its antisuicidal effect, which appears extend beyond mood-stabilizing properties. Lithium’s effectiveness is, some extent, counterbalanced by safety tolerability profile. Indeed, monitoring levels required narrow therapeutic index. There consensus that adequate serum should be above 0.6 mEq/L achieve effectiveness. However, few data support choice this threshold, increasing evidence suggests might molecular effects at much lower concentrations. Content This narrative review aimed at: (1) reviewing critically interpreting supporting use (2) reporting a synthesis notion effective doses. Among these are epidemiological studies water, on antisuicidal, anti-aggressive, neuroprotective effects, including cognitive impairment progression, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lithium; (3) revieweing biological clinically viable uses low with delineation mechanistic hypothesis surrounding purported mechanism action. The study selection was based authors’ preference, reflecting varied extensive expertise subject, further enriched an pearl-growing strategy for relevant reviews book sections. Conclusions Clinical numerous, also appear certain degree specificity related dose administered. In sum, maximal mood stabilisation concentrations higher than mEq/l. may sufficient depressive older populations patients, microdoses could decreasing suicide risk, especially patients BD. Conversely, lithium’s ability counteract decline exerted subtherapeutic doses, possibly corresponding effects. reduce inflammation induce neuroprotection even doses several folds those commonly used settings. Nevertheless, findings action missing, more needed investigate targets low-dose adequately.

Language: Английский

Lithium and its effects: does dose matter? DOI Creative Commons
Mirko Manchia, Pasquale Paribello,

Martina Pinna

et al.

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Background Decades of clinical research have demonstrated the efficacy lithium in treating acute episodes (both manic and depressive), as well preventing recurrences bipolar disorder (BD). Specific to is its antisuicidal effect, which appears extend beyond mood-stabilizing properties. Lithium’s effectiveness is, some extent, counterbalanced by safety tolerability profile. Indeed, monitoring levels required narrow therapeutic index. There consensus that adequate serum should be above 0.6 mEq/L achieve effectiveness. However, few data support choice this threshold, increasing evidence suggests might molecular effects at much lower concentrations. Content This narrative review aimed at: (1) reviewing critically interpreting supporting use (2) reporting a synthesis notion effective doses. Among these are epidemiological studies water, on antisuicidal, anti-aggressive, neuroprotective effects, including cognitive impairment progression, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lithium; (3) revieweing biological clinically viable uses low with delineation mechanistic hypothesis surrounding purported mechanism action. The study selection was based authors’ preference, reflecting varied extensive expertise subject, further enriched an pearl-growing strategy for relevant reviews book sections. Conclusions Clinical numerous, also appear certain degree specificity related dose administered. In sum, maximal mood stabilisation concentrations higher than mEq/l. may sufficient depressive older populations patients, microdoses could decreasing suicide risk, especially patients BD. Conversely, lithium’s ability counteract decline exerted subtherapeutic doses, possibly corresponding effects. reduce inflammation induce neuroprotection even doses several folds those commonly used settings. Nevertheless, findings action missing, more needed investigate targets low-dose adequately.

Language: Английский

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