Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels DOI Creative Commons
Cyrrus M. Espino, Chetan Nagaraja, Serena Ortiz

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Abstract Animals that require purposeful movement for survival are endowed with mechanosensory neurons called proprioceptors provide essential sensory feedback from muscles and joints to spinal cord circuits, which modulates motor output. Despite the nature of proprioceptive signaling in daily life, mechanisms governing proprioceptor activity poorly understood. Here, we have identified distinct nonredundant roles two voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs), NaV1.1 NaV1.6, mammalian proprioception. Deletion NaV1.6 somatosensory (NaV1.6 cKO mice) causes severe deficits accompanied by complete loss transmission, contrasts our previous findings using similar mouse models target (NaV1.1 ). In animals, caused non-cell- autonomous impairments end-organs skeletal muscle were absent mice. We attribute differential contribution function cellular localization patterns. Collectively, these data first evidence NaV subtypes uniquely shape neurotransmission within a modality. Teaser Voltage gated differentially encode proprioception via

Language: Английский

Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels DOI Creative Commons
Cyrrus M. Espino, Chetan Nagaraja, Serena Ortiz

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Animals requiring purposeful movement for survival are endowed with mechanoreceptors, called proprioceptors, that provide essential sensory feedback from muscles and joints to spinal cord circuits, which modulates motor output. Despite the nature of proprioceptive signaling in daily life, mechanisms governing proprioceptor activity poorly understood. Here, we identified nonredundant roles two voltage-gated sodium channels (Na V s), Na 1.1 1.6, mammalian proprioception. Deletion 1.6 somatosensory neurons cKO mice) causes severe deficits accompanied by loss transmission, contrasts our previous findings using similar mouse models target ). In animals, observed impairments end-organ structure a marked reduction skeletal muscle myofiber size were absent mice. We attribute differential contributions distinct cellular localization patterns. Collectively, evidence s uniquely shape neural within modality.

Language: Английский

Citations

2

Physiological Resilience: What Is It and How Might It Be Trained? DOI Creative Commons
Andrew M. Jones, Brett S. Kirby

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Physiological resilience has recently been recognized as an additional factor that influences endurance exercise performance. It thus incorporated into a modified, contemporary version of "the Joyner model" which acknowledges start-line values V̇O2max, efficiency or economy, and metabolic thresholds are prone to deterioration, often with appreciable interindividual variability, during prolonged exercise. The physiological underpinnings elusive sports physiologists presently concerned developing practical testing protocols reflect athlete's characteristics. is also important consider why some athletes more resilient than others whether can be enhanced-and, if so, training programs specific sessions might stimulate its development. While data scant, the available evidence suggests consistency accumulation relatively large volumes over longer-term (i.e., several years) promote resilience. inclusion regular within program, especially when these include bouts high-intensity at race pace above progressive increase in intensity face fatigue, represent effective means enhancing Finally, resistance training, heavy strength plyometric appears have positive effects on Considerations for resilience, alongside other established determinants performance, will likely long-term development successful athletes.

Language: Английский

Citations

2

Exercise-driven cellular autophagy: A bridge to systematic wellness DOI Creative Commons
Xiaohan Zhou, Yaxi Luo, Xiu‐Qing Yao

et al.

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Exercise enhances health by supporting homeostasis, bolstering defenses, and aiding disease recovery. It activates autophagy, a conserved cellular process essential for maintaining balance, while dysregulated autophagy contributes to progression. Despite extensive research on exercise independently, their interplay remains insufficiently understood. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced in various tissues, focusing key transduction pathways. examines how different types trigger specific autophagic responses, balance addressing systemic dysfunctions. The also highlights signaling pathways involved, roles protecting organ function, reducing risk, promoting longevity, offering clear understanding link between autophagy. Exercise-induced is governed highly coordinated dynamic integrating direct indirect mechanical forces biochemical signals, linking physical activity across multiple systems. Its activation influenced modality, intensity, duration, individual biological characteristics, including age, sex, muscle fiber composition. Aerobic exercises primarily engage AMPK mTOR pathways, mitochondrial quality homeostasis. Anaerobic training PI3K/Akt signaling, modulating molecules like FOXO3a Beclin1 drive repair. In pathological contexts, proteostasis, tissue regeneration, benefiting conditions sarcopenia, neurodegeneration, myocardial ischemia, metabolic disorders, cancer. However, excessive may lead overactivation, leading atrophy or cardiac remodeling. underscores critical need balanced regimens maximize therapeutic efficacy minimizing risks. Future should prioritize identifying reliable biomarkers, optimizing protocols, with pharmacological strategies enhance outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

The role of irisin in exercise-induced muscle and metabolic health: a narrative review DOI

Sumaya Nadhim Mohammed,

Mohannad Hamid Jasim,

Shahad Hisham Mahmood

et al.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Testing Green Tea Extract and Ammonium Salts as Stimulants of Physical Performance in a Forced Swimming Rat Experimental Model DOI Open Access

Е. А. Корф,

A. V. Novozhilov, Igor Mindukshev

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10438 - 10438

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

The study of drugs natural origin that increase endurance and/or accelerate recovery is an integral part sports medicine and physiology. In this paper, decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) two ammonium salts-chloride (ACL) carbonate (ACR)-were tested individually in combination with GTE as stimulants physical performance a forced swimming rat experimental model. determined parameters can be divided into seven blocks: functional (swimming duration); biochemistry blood plasma; erythrocytes; hematology; immunology; gene expression slow- fast-twitch muscles (m. soleus, SOL, m. extensor digitorum longus, EDL, respectively); morphometric indicators muscles. Regarding the negative control (intact animals), maximum number changes all blocks was recorded + ACR group, whose animals showed result minimum lactate values on last day experiment. Next, terms changes, were groups ACR, ACL, NaCl (positive control). general, identified adaptive proportional to state corresponding groups, duration load four days However, not only total but also qualitative composition interest. results comparative analysis suggest that, model we developed, promotes restoration body moderate mobilization immune system, while small doses salts, especially carbonate, contribute performance, which associated satisfactory skeletal entire body. combined use salts does give clearly positive effect.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Differential encoding of mammalian proprioception by voltage-gated sodium channels DOI Creative Commons
Cyrrus M. Espino, Chetan Nagaraja, Serena Ortiz

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Abstract Animals that require purposeful movement for survival are endowed with mechanosensory neurons called proprioceptors provide essential sensory feedback from muscles and joints to spinal cord circuits, which modulates motor output. Despite the nature of proprioceptive signaling in daily life, mechanisms governing proprioceptor activity poorly understood. Here, we have identified distinct nonredundant roles two voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs), NaV1.1 NaV1.6, mammalian proprioception. Deletion NaV1.6 somatosensory (NaV1.6 cKO mice) causes severe deficits accompanied by complete loss transmission, contrasts our previous findings using similar mouse models target (NaV1.1 ). In animals, caused non-cell- autonomous impairments end-organs skeletal muscle were absent mice. We attribute differential contribution function cellular localization patterns. Collectively, these data first evidence NaV subtypes uniquely shape neurotransmission within a modality. Teaser Voltage gated differentially encode proprioception via

Language: Английский

Citations

0