Understanding the Consequences of Fatty Bone and Fatty Muscle: How the Osteosarcopenic Adiposity Phenotype Uncovers the Deterioration of Body Composition

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1056 - 1056

Published: Oct. 7, 2023

Adiposity is central to aging and several chronic diseases. encompasses not just the excess adipose tissue but also body fat redistribution, infiltration, hypertrophy of adipocytes, shifting mesenchymal stem cell commitment adipogenesis. Bone marrow expansion, inflammatory adipokines, adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles are development osteopenic adiposity. Adipose infiltration local adipogenesis within muscle critical in developing sarcopenic adiposity subsequent poorer functional outcomes. Ultimately, osteosarcopenic syndrome result all processes noted above: adipocyte expansion redistribution bone, muscle, tissues, resulting bone loss, mass/strength deteriorated tissue, decline. Increased typically referred as obesity expressed by mass index (the latter often used inadequately), now occurring younger age groups, suggesting people will live longer with negative effects This review discusses role deterioration well itself. It reveals how considering including definition diagnosis adiposity, help better understanding pathophysiology each accelerate possible therapies prevention approaches for both relatively healthy individuals or those disease.

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Fasting-Mimicking Diet as a Preventive and Curative Strategy for Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1133 - 1133

Published: July 14, 2023

This review examines the potential of fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). FMDs are low-calorie that mimic physiological metabolic effects fasting, including activation cellular stress response pathways autophagy. Recent studies have shown can reduce amyloid-beta accumulation, tau phosphorylation, inflammation, as well improve cognitive function animal models AD. Human also reported improvements AD biomarkers, functions, subjective well-being measures following FMDs. However, optimal duration frequency their long-term safety efficacy remain to be determined. Despite these uncertainties, hold promise a non-pharmacological approach prevention treatment, further research this area is warranted.

Language: Английский

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Nutrition and Physical Activity as Modulators of Osteosarcopenic Adiposity: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Future Research

Published: March 3, 2023

Osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome denotes the confluence of bone, muscle, and adipose tissue deterioration. Being a complex entity, numerous uncertainties about OSA still exist, despite extensive research on topic. Our objectives were to evaluate human studies addressing dietary intake/nutritional status, quantity/types physical activity related OSA. The search in PubMed, Scopus, Web Science databases was conducted examine relevant articles published from inception end December 2022, utilizing MeSH strings strategy. Only English humans (≥18 years) without chronic conditions (cancers, kidney/liver disease) or pregnancy, used. Book chapters, abstracts-only, which participants did not have all three body composition components measured identify OSA, when could be independent/exposure variables excluded. A total n = 1020 retrieved eight more reference lists. After exclusion duplicates other unsuitable articles, 23 evaluated. Among those, eleven epidemiological cross-sectional relating nutrients/dietary intake nutritional status with Another four examined relationship between serum biomarkers (vitamin D ferritin) while presented results interventional resistance training. Overall, higher protein, calcium, potassium, vitamins C intakes emerged as nutrients positively modifying along diet fruits low-fat dairy foods. Higher vitamin ferritin respectively negatively Resistance training safe intervention yielding several beneficial outcomes for older women.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of Osteosarcopenic Adiposity in Apparently Healthy Adults and Appraisal of Age, Sex, and Ethnic Differences

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 782 - 782

Published: July 23, 2024

Osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome, the coexistence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and (either excess or redistributed/infiltrated), has been studied globally in different populations regions (mostly East Asia, less Europe North America), resulting varied prevalence. We aimed to determine prevalence OSA a large population apparently healthy Caucasian adults (18–90 years) compare it with reported other studies ethnicities. This study included 9719 participants (6412 women 3307 men), stratified into four age-group categories, recruited from general medical practices Italy. was defined based on body composition measurements using bioelectrical impedance BIA-ACC®, which enables assessment total bone mass, muscle/lean, adipose tissues. The overall 21.9% 14.0% men, significantly increased every subsequent age group for both men (p < 0.001). not between below 40 years; however, considerably higher over years. Participants had lower BMI compared those without OSA, indicating is separate disorder necessarily related physiological fluctuations BMI. Asian than our sample, ethnic specificity. relatively high detected this study’s across groups suggests necessity its appropriate timely identification prevent possible clinical outcomes, including fracture, dismobility, frailty, chronic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Association between Sarcopenia and Reduced Bone Mass: Is Osteosarcopenic Obesity a New Phenotype to Consider in Weight Management Settings?

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 21 - 21

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a frequent phenotype in people with obesity; however, it unclear whether this links an impaired bone status. In study, we aimed to investigate the association between SO and low mass, assess prevalence of new entity that combines excessive fat deposition, reduced muscle mass strength, defined as osteosarcopenic (OSO). Body composition was completed by DXA scan 2604 participants were categorized or without SO, normal mineral content (BMC). Participants both BMC OSO. Among entire sample, 901 (34.6%) met criteria for SO. This group showed mean (2.56 ± 0.46 vs. 2.85 0.57, p < 0.01) displayed higher individuals respect those (47.3% 25.9%, 0.01). Logistic regression analysis presence increases odds having 92% [OR = 1.92; 95% CI: (1.60–2.31), 0.05] after adjusting age, body weight, percentage. Finally, 426 (16.4%) out total sample affected Our findings revealed strong adults obesity, introduces fat, muscle, (i.e., OSO) appears affect 16% population.

Language: Английский

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The Interplay between Liver and Adipose Tissue in the Onset of Liver Diseases: Exploring the Role of Vitamin Deficiency

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 1631 - 1631

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

The deficiency of vitamins, a condition known as “hidden hunger”, causes comprehensive pathological states. Research over the years has identified relationship between liver diseases and hypovitaminosis or defects in vitamin metabolism. exact mechanisms remain elusive; however, crucial involvement specific vitamins metabolic functions, alongside reclassification disease dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD), prompted researchers to investigate potential cause-effect dynamics disease. Moreover, scientists are increasingly investigating how might disrupt organ crosstalk, potentially contributing Although concept dysmetabolic circuit linking adipose tissue liver, leading disease, been discussed, possible this axis is relatively recent area study, with numerous critical aspects yet be fully understood. In review, we examine research from 2019 July 2024 focusing on link liver-adipose crosstalk involved onset progression non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD). Studies report that can affect axis, mainly affecting regulation systemic energy balance inflammation.

Language: Английский

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What Is the Best Method for Diagnosing Osteosarcopenic Adiposity in Women after Long-Term Bariatric Surgery? A Comparison and Validation of Different Criteria

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(22), P. 3965 - 3965

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

To evaluate the agreement and discriminant validation of different osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSAd) diagnostic criteria in women post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Language: Английский

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