Immune Escape and Drug Resistance Mutations in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Clinical and Epidemiological Implications

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 672 - 672

Published: April 20, 2025

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genetic variability, shaped by high mutation rates and selective pressures, complicates its management increases the emergence of drug-resistant immune-escape variants. This study aims to analyze immune escape mutations (IEMs) drug resistance (DRMs) in patients with HBV infection exposed antiviral therapies exhibiting detectable plasma viremia. monocentric retrospective real-life was carried out at ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy, from 2015 2023. A total 102 consecutive serum HBV-DNA least one NA for whom a assay available were included our study. sequences amplified, sequenced, analyzed using Geno2pheno Stanford University tools. Phylogenetic analysis statistical regression performed confirm genotypes identify patterns associated risk factors. Our shows 38.2% prevalence DRMs, M204I/V (95%) L180M (64%) being most common, 43% IEMs, primarily major hydrophilic region. Genotype D3 exhibited higher burden than other genotypes. Significant associations found between HBsAb presence increased IEM burden, while HBeAg protective against DRMs. Atypical serological profiles observed 18.6% patients, including cases reactivation under immunosuppressive therapy. highlights IEMs DRMs real-world setting, particularly among genotype carriers. These findings underscore importance surveillance guide therapeutic strategies, vaccine design, public health policies address challenges posed variability.

Language: Английский

---

Hepatitis B Virus Genotype H: Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Characteristics in Mexico

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2186 - 2186

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

The hepatitis B virus (HBV), comprising of ten genotypes (A-J), has been a silent threat against humanity, constituting public health problem worldwide. In 2016, the World Health Organization set forth an impressive initiative for global elimination viral by 2030. As target date approaches, many nations, particularly in Latin American region, face challenges designing and implementing their respective plan. This review aimed to portray state knowledge about epidemiological, molecular, clinical characteristics HBV genotype H (HBV/H), endemic Mexico. PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched compile scientific literature over 50 years (1970-2022). A total 91 articles organized into thematic categories, addressing essential aspects such as epidemiological data, risk factors, distribution, mixed infections, characteristics, vaccination. prevalence its associated 95% confidence interval (95% CI) estimated using Metafor package R programming language (version 4.1.2). We provide insights strengths weaknesses diagnostics prevention measures that explain current profile HBV/H. Training, research, awareness actions are required control infections These should contribute creating more specific practice guides according region's characteristics. Mexico's plan will require teamwork among government administration, researchers, physicians, specialists, civil society advocates overcome this task jointly.

Language: Английский

---

Host and HBV Interactions and Their Potential Impact on Clinical Outcome

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a challenge for global health services, affecting millions and leading hundreds to end-stage liver disease each year. This comprehensive review explores the interactions between HBV host, examining their impact on clinical outcomes. infection encompasses spectrum of severity, ranging from acute hepatitis chronic B, which can potentially progress cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Occult (OBI), characterized by low DNA levels in surface antigen-negative individuals, reactivate cause B. The identification diverse genotypes reveals distinct geographical distributions associations with Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within host genome have been linked several outcomes, including cirrhosis, HCC, OBI, reactivation, spontaneous clearance. immune response plays key role controlling eliminating infected cells neutralizing bloodstream. Furthermore, modulate metabolic pathways involved glucose lipid metabolism bile acid absorption, further influencing progression. outcomes correlate three viral adaptation. In conclusion, could result complex HBV. These vary among populations are influenced genotypes, genetics, environmental factors, lifestyle. Understanding degrees adaptation essential developing region-specific control prevention measures.

Language: Английский

---

Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 65 (TRIM65) Inhibits Hepatitis B Virus Transcription

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 890 - 890

Published: May 31, 2024

Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins, comprising a family of over 100 members with conserved motifs, exhibit diverse biological functions. Several TRIM proteins influence viral infections through direct antiviral mechanisms or by regulating host innate immune responses. To identify modulating hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, we assessed 45 human TRIMs in HBV-transfected HepG2 cells. Our study revealed that ectopic expression 12 significantly reduced HBV RNA and subsequent capsid-associated DNA levels. Notably, TRIM65 uniquely downregulated pregenomic (pg) an HBV-promoter-specific manner, suggesting targeted effect. Mechanistically, inhibited replication primarily at the transcriptional level via its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity intact B-box domain. Though HNF4α emerged as potential substrate, disrupting binding site on genome did not completely abolish TRIM65’s In addition, neither HBx nor cellular MAVS signaling was essential to TRIM65-mediated regulation transcription. Furthermore, CRISPR-mediated knock-out HepG2-NTCP cells boosted infection, validating endogenous role. These findings underscore proteins’ capacity inhibit transcription highlight pivotal role this process.

Language: Английский

---

Updates on Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection 2.0

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 2874 - 2874

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Hepatitis B is a "silent epidemic" that fifty to hundred (50-100) times more infectious than HIV and potentially life-threatening liver infection [...].

Language: Английский

---