Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Antibody Levels Measured by an In-House ELISA in a Convalescent Latin Population Persist over Time and Exhibit Neutralizing Capacity to Several Variants of Concern DOI Creative Commons
Ana M. Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodríguez,

Paola Cardona

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 2209 - 2209

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Background: The coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent for COVID-19, first registered in Wuhan, China and responsible more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Currently, RT-PCR gold-standard method diagnosing COVID-19. However, serological tests are needed screening acute disease diagnosis large populations during COVID-19 outbreak. Objectives: Herein, we described development validation of an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting levels anti-spike-1-RBD IgM antibody (CovIgM-ELISA) well-defined serum/plasma panel identifying subjects infected with SARS-CoV-2 a Latin population. Method: In-house CovIgM-ELISA has format indirect ELISA. It was optimized by checkerboard titration using recombinant spike-S1-RBD protein as antigen. Results: We found that, compared to standard method, displayed sensitivities 96.15% 93.22% samples collected up 30 or 60 days after infection, respectively, well 95.59% specificity 97.3% accuracy. agreement kappa value (κ) our substantial when (κ = 0.873) anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (InBios Int) 0.684). detected population positively correlated neutralizing activity against wild-type, Alpha Delta variants concern, but failed neutralize Omicron. Conclusions: These data indicate that compatible performing detection infection.

Language: Английский

The Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG1 and IgG3 Antibody Isotypes with Limited Neutralizing Capacity against Omicron Elicited in a Latin Population Switch toward IgG4 after Multiple Doses with the mRNA Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine. DOI Open Access
Ana M. Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodríguez,

Laura Alvarez

et al.

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze the profile IgG subclasses in COVID-19 convalescent Puerto Rican subjects and compare with those exhibited by no-infected immunocompetent or immunocompromised that received mRNA vaccine. most notable find-ngs from are: 1) Convalescent were not hospitalized developed high long-lasting antibody response. 2) Both, IgG1 IgG3 are more prevalent SARS-CoV-2 infected population whereas is after vaccination. 3) Individuals first had infection further two doses vaccines robust neutralizing capacity against Omicron than never Pfizer-BioNTech 4) A class switch toward “anti-inflammatory” anti-body isotype IgG4 induced a few weeks third dose, which peaked abruptly remained at levels for long period. Moreover, concurrent percentages various VOC including Omicron. 5) Subjects IBD also develop although these have limited effect on capacity. Knowing do prevent reinfections, all sub-variants dominant worldwide shown be less pathogenic, been associated immunotolerance causative numerous negative effects, recommendations successive administration booster vaccinations people should revised.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Does SARS-CoV-2 Possess “Allergen-Like” Epitopes? DOI Creative Commons
Alberto Rubio‐Casillas, David E. Cowley, Vladimir N. Uversky

et al.

COVID, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 55 - 55

Published: April 16, 2025

An increase in immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels is typically associated with immunological tolerance states and develops after prolonged exposure to antigens. Accordingly, IgG4 considered an anti-inflammatory antibody a limited ability trigger efficient immune responses. Additionally, reduces allergic reactions by blocking E (IgE) activity. In the case of COVID-19, it has been reported that repeated administration some vaccines induces high levels. The latest research data have revealed surprising IgE anti-receptor binding domain response both natural infection several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. presence COVID-19 disease suggests virus may induce “allergic-like” evade surveillance, leading shift from T helper 1 (Th1) 2 (Th2) cells, which promotes potentially contributes chronic infection. spike protein could also such response. Interestingly, “allergen-like” epitopes responses for other viruses, as influenza, human immunodeficiency (HIV), respiratory syncytial (RSV). impact this viral-induced will be discussed, concerning long COVID protective efficacy

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring the possible link between the spike protein immunoglobulin G4 antibodies and cancer progression DOI Creative Commons
Mikolaj Raszek, David E. Cowley, Elrashdy M. Redwan

et al.

Exploration of Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 267 - 284

Published: April 25, 2024

Repeated inoculation with messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines elicits immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody production. Such an increase in the concentration of specific and non-specific IgG4 antibodies allows growth some types cancer by blocking activation effector immune cells. This work proposes hypothesis that may be indirectly promoted increased concentrations following mechanisms: 1) can bind to anti-tumor IgG1 block their interaction receptors located on cells, thus preventing destruction 2) interact fragment crystallizable gamma receptor IIb (FcγRIIB) inhibitory receptors, reducing functions innate 3) targeting epitopes could oncogenic inducing production a microenvironment promote development. article reviews supporting literature suggests several experimental protocols evaluate this context repeated mRNA vaccines. Additionally, management options aimed at unfavorable molecular consequences mediate development when encountering high antibodies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Navigating the Landscape of B Cell Mediated Immunity and Antibody Monitoring in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy: Tools, Strategies and Clinical Trial Insights DOI Creative Commons
Sophie O’Reilly, Joanne Byrne, Eoin R. Feeney

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1089 - 1089

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Correlates of Protection (CoP) are biomarkers above a defined threshold that can replace clinical outcomes as primary endpoints, predicting vaccine effectiveness to support the approval new vaccines or follow up studies. In context COVID-19 vaccination, CoPs help address challenges such demonstrating in special populations, against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants determining durability vaccine-elicited immunity. While anti-spike IgG titres and viral neutralising capacity have been characterised for contribution other components humoral immune response immediate long-term protective immunity is less well characterised. This review examines evidence supporting use trials, how they be used define It also highlights alternative biomarkers, including Fc effector function, mucosal immunity, generation long-lived plasma memory B cells discuss these applied studies tools available study them.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Antibody Levels Measured by an In-House ELISA in a Convalescent Latin Population Persist over Time and Exhibit Neutralizing Capacity to Several Variants of Concern DOI Creative Commons
Ana M. Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodríguez,

Paola Cardona

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 2209 - 2209

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Background: The coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent for COVID-19, first registered in Wuhan, China and responsible more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Currently, RT-PCR gold-standard method diagnosing COVID-19. However, serological tests are needed screening acute disease diagnosis large populations during COVID-19 outbreak. Objectives: Herein, we described development validation of an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting levels anti-spike-1-RBD IgM antibody (CovIgM-ELISA) well-defined serum/plasma panel identifying subjects infected with SARS-CoV-2 a Latin population. Method: In-house CovIgM-ELISA has format indirect ELISA. It was optimized by checkerboard titration using recombinant spike-S1-RBD protein as antigen. Results: We found that, compared to standard method, displayed sensitivities 96.15% 93.22% samples collected up 30 or 60 days after infection, respectively, well 95.59% specificity 97.3% accuracy. agreement kappa value (κ) our substantial when (κ = 0.873) anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (InBios Int) 0.684). detected population positively correlated neutralizing activity against wild-type, Alpha Delta variants concern, but failed neutralize Omicron. Conclusions: These data indicate that compatible performing detection infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0