A Comprehensive Analysis of Fibromyalgia and the Role of the Endogenous Opioid System

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 165 - 165

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Fibromyalgia represents a chronic pain disorder characterized by musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. The exact mechanisms underlying fibromyalgia remain undefined; as result, diagnosis treatment present considerable challenges. On the other hand, endogenous opioid system is believed to regulate intensity emotional responses; hence, it might be expected play key role in enhanced sensitivity experienced patients. One explanation for emergence of disrupted modulation individuals with significant reduction receptor activity or an imbalance levels peptides. Further research essential clarify complex details this abnormality. This complexity arises from notion that improved understanding could contribute development innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting context fibromyalgia. Although progress being made, complete these complexities remains challenge. paradigm has potential revolutionize management fibromyalgia, although its implementation may experience effectiveness approach depends on multiple factors, but implications profound. Despite challenges involved transformation, improving patient care considerable, condition long been inadequately treated.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Complex Web of Fibromyalgia: A Narrative Review

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Fibromyalgia is a complex and often misunderstood chronic pain disorder. It characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, heightened sensitivity, has evolved in diag-nostic criteria understanding over the years. Initially met with skepticism, fibromyalgia now recognized as global health concern affecting millions of people, prevalence trans-cending demographic boundaries. The clinical features diagnosis encompass range symptoms beyond including sleep disturbances cognitive difficulties. study emphasizes importance comprehensive evaluation for accurate diagnosis, considering shift from tender point reliance to more holistic approach. Etiology pathophysiology involve genetic predisposition, neurotransmitter dysregulation, central sensitization, immune system involvement. Risk factors such gender, age, family history, comorbid conditions contribute susceptibility. impact on quality life profound, physical social aspects, accompanied mood disorders. Management approaches include pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological therapies, lifestyle modifications, alternative treatments. also delves into emerging research, exploring advances neurobiological understanding, brain imaging, markers, glutamate modulation, cannabinoids, gut microbiome, digital tools manage-ment. Overall, this provides nuanced up-to-date overview complexities sur-rounding fibromyalgia, aiming enhance support individuals grappling challenging condition.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Impact of IL-6 and Serotonin on Pain and Symptomatology in Fibromyalgia: An Exploratory Clinical Study

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 886 - 886

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome characterized by widespread and variety of other symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances. Recent research has highlighted the potential role pro-inflammatory cytokines neurotransmitters in pathophysiology FM. This study aimed to investigate relationship between serum levels interleukin-6 (IL-6) serotonin with clinical parameters observed patients fibromyalgia. Additionally, it sought analyze similarities differences among different groups classified symptom severity.

Language: Английский

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Whole-Body Cryostimulation: An Effective Complementary Treatment in Fibromyalgia? A Follow Up Study

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 836 - 836

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Recent evidence suggests that whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) may be beneficial for patients with fibromyalgia (FM), but little is known about the duration of such effects. The purpose this study was to verify clinical–functional benefits after one cycle WBC. We conducted a follow-up on medium and long-term effects WBC well-being, use pain-relieving/anti-inflammatory medications, pain level, fatigue, sleep quality, psychological aspects as mood anxiety. Twelve months discharge, we administered 10 min telephone interview FM obesity who had undergone ten 2 sessions at −110 °C part multidisciplinary rehabilitation program (n = 23) alone 23). Both groups reported positive changes program, similar results regarding mood, anxiety scores; however, implementation over two weeks produced additional in pain, general well-being status, quality lasting 3–4 months. Therefore, our findings suggest adding could exert stronger improve key quality.

Language: Английский

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Is a Low Dosage of Medical Cannabis Effective for Treating Pain Related to Fibromyalgia? A Pilot Study and Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14), P. 4088 - 4088

Published: July 12, 2024

Background and Objectives: Fibromyalgia is a multifaceted frequently misunderstood chronic pain disease marked by widespread musculoskeletal cognitive/somatic dysfunction. This trial aims to contribute the existing knowledge on treating fibromyalgia (FM) with medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) explore safer more effective administration method. The goal provide evidence-based findings that can guide alternative treatment options for FM patients assessing pilot study. Materials Methods: was performed at therapy unit of San Carlo Hospital (Potenza, Italy) administrating 30 100 mg/day Bedrocan® (Bedrocan International, Veendam, Netherlands) as decoction. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) SF-12 short-form health questionnaire were used evaluate intensity quality life beginning study 6th-month follow-up. A systematic review all clinical studies investigating use reduce also undertaken place this in context evidence base. Results: Pain evaluated NRS lowered from median 8 [95% CI 7.66–8.54] baseline 4 (95% 3.28–4.79) after 6 months follow-up (p-value < 0.001; t-test). Similarly, significant physical mental state improvement, questionnaire, found 96.67% 82.33% patients, respectively 44.11–51.13 state, 53.48–58.69 assessed follow-up; p-value analysis literature identified 10 trials concerning cannabis. Conclusions: Considering results present review, it possible assume may be considered an who do not respond conventional pharmacological therapy.

Language: Английский

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Population Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Analysis of a Reserpine-Induced Myalgia Model in Rats

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1101 - 1101

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

(1) Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain condition with widespread and multiple comorbidities, for which conventional therapies offer limited benefits. The reserpine-induced myalgia (RIM) model an efficient animal of FMS in rodents. This study aimed to develop pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) reserpine rats, linking its impact on monoamines (MAs). (2) Methods: Reserpine was administered daily three consecutive days at dose levels 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg. A total 120 rats were included, PK 828 PD observations collected from 48 96 h after the first reserpine. Non-linear mixed-effect data analysis applied structural PK–PD definition, variability characterization, covariate analysis. (3) Results: one-compartment best described (V = 1.3 mL/kg CL 4.5 × 10−1 mL/h/kg). precursor-pool (kin 6.1 10−3 mg/h, kp 8.6 10−4 h−1 kout 2.7 10−2 h−1) parallel transit chain (k0 1.9 characterized longitudinal MA prefrontal cortex, spinal cord, amygdala rats. stimulates degradation pool compartment (Slope1 1.1 h) elimination (Slope2 1.25 through chain. Regarding reference (1 mg/kg) RIM model, administration 4 mg/kg would lead mean reduction 65% (Cmax), 80% (Cmin), 70% (AUC) across brain regions tested. (4) Conclusions: Regional variations neurotransmitter depletion identified, particularly amygdala, offering insights therapeutic strategies biomarker identification research.

Language: Английский

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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Fibromyalgia: Exploring the Necessity of Neuronavigation for Targeting New Brain Regions

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 662 - 662

Published: June 20, 2024

Fibromyalgia and osteoarthritis are among the most prevalent rheumatic conditions worldwide. Nonpharmacological interventions have gained scientific endorsements as preferred initial treatments before resorting to pharmacological modalities. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is widely researched neuromodulation techniques, though it has not yet been officially recommended for fibromyalgia. This review aims summarize current evidence supporting rTMS treating various fibromyalgia symptoms. Recent findings: High-frequency directed at primary motor cortex (M1) strongest support in literature reducing pain intensity, with new research examining its long-term effectiveness. Nonetheless, some individuals may respond M1-targeted rTMS, symptoms beyond can be prominent. Ongoing improve efficacy of by exploring brain targets, using innovative parameters, incorporating neuronavigation, better identifying patients likely benefit from this treatment. Summary: Noninvasive over M1 a well-tolerated treatment that chronic overall quality life patients. However, data highly heterogeneous, limited level evidence, posing significant challenge inclusion official guidelines. Research ongoing enhance effectiveness, future perspectives impact targeting additional areas such medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate inferior parietal lobe, well selecting right who could

Language: Английский

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Relationship Between Morphofunctional Alterations of the Foot and Its Functionality in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Case–Control Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 6439 - 6439

Published: Oct. 27, 2024

Objective: To evaluate the morphofunctional alterations in foot and their association with functionality, considering aspects such as disability, pain, limitations daily activities patients fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: A case–control study was conducted FMS (case group) without (control group), matched by age sex. Foot posture assessed using index (FPI), along presence of hallux valgus (HV), trigger points, hyperkeratosis, dorsiflexion first metatarsophalangeal joint ankle. functionality evaluated function (FFI) questionnaire. Results: total 100 women FMS, a mean 61.97 ± 9.26 years, were recruited. HV (p < 0.001), hyperkeratosis pronated supinated well 0.001) ankle knee flexed extended activity flexor hallucis brevis = 0.006), adductor dorsal interosseous 0.002) muscles, significantly associated FFI, being higher individuals indicating greater impairment these patients. Multivariate analysis revealed statistical between low educational level (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.05–5.72), another rheumatic disease 5.07, 2.34–11), any active point 11.15, 3.97–31.31). Conclusions: The highlights relationship alterations, specifically myofascial FMS.

Language: Английский

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