Morphological and Chemical Changes in the Hemolymph of the Wax Moth Galleria mellonella Infected by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Conidiobolus coronatus

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 38 - 38

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Hemolymph enables communication between organs in insects and ensures necessary coordination homeostasis. Its composition can provide important information about the physiological state of an insect have diagnostic significance, which might be particularly case harmful subjected to biological control. Galleria mellonella Linnaeus 1758 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a global pest honey bee colonies. The hemolymph its larvae was examined after infection with soil fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Constantin) Batko 1964 (Entomophthorales). It found that one hour contact fungus, volume increased while total protein content decreased. In high pathogen load, just before death, decreased nearly initial levels, synthesis (incorporation 35S-labeled methionine) increased. polypeptide profile (SDS-PAGE followed by autoradiography) infected significantly different from healthy larvae. Hemocytes did not surround fungal hyphae, although they encapsulated small foreign bodies (phase contrast microscopy). Infection had negative effect on hemocytes, causing oenocyte spherulocyte deformation, granulocyte degranulation, plasmatocyte vacuolization, hemocyte disintegration. GC-MS analysis revealed presence 21 compounds control insects. C. caused appearance 5 fatty acids absent (heptanoic, decanoic, adipic, suberic, tridecanoic), disappearance 4 (monopalmitoylglycerol, monooleoylglycerol, monostearin, cholesterol), changes concentrations 8 compounds. remains open question whether substances appearing are product or if released tissues damaged growing hyphae.

Language: Английский

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Biological Activity of Peptide Fraction Derived from Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larvae Haemolymph on Gastric Cancer Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1885 - 1885

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterised by poor prognosis and limited responsiveness to chemotherapy. There a need for new more effective anticancer agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising class biomolecules this purpose. Naturally occurring in innate immune system, these can also exert cytotoxic effects against cells, earning them designation "anticancer peptides" (ACPs). They have potential be viable support current chemotherapy schedules due their selectivity cells minor propensity induce chemoresistance cells. Insects are an excellent source AMPs. Among them, its ability thrive hostile microorganism-rich environments, we isolated peptide fraction from Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) haemolymph evaluate possible activity. We tested Peptide Fractions (PFs) AGS KATO III gastric cell lines. Data obtained indicated that PFs, especially those resulting Escherichia coli Micrococcus flavus infection (to boost response), were able inhibit tumour growth inducing apoptosis or cycle arrest line-specific manner. These results further investigation into use antimicrobial produced insects as

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome of black soldier fly larvae for efficient use and purification of organic waste: An environmentally friendly development concept

The Innovation Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100134 - 100134

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

<p>The growing global population and increasing human demands have led to a rise in organic waste volumes. These wastes contain potential risk substances like pathogenic bacteria (PB), antibiotics (ABs), heavy metals (HMs), microplastics (MPs), which can threaten public health through direct contact or food chain transmission. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) emerged as promising solution for management crop-livestock integration. They efficiently reduce matter, produce high-quality proteins fats, generate green biofertilizers, mitigate harmful greenhouse gas emissions. However, the specific mechanisms by BSFL transform fertilizers, remain unclear, significantly limiting further development application of bioconversion technology. In recent years, numerous studies revealed that gut microbiota possess functions such promoting degradation substrate nutrients, regulating host nutrient synthesis metabolism, directly indirectly inhibiting proliferation PB, biodegrading cometabolizing ABs, mitigating mobility HMs, MPs. Therefore, exploring developing could be great significance optimizing efficiency transformation, effectively reducing waste, their wide applications biomedicine energy sectors. This review systematically summarizes composition, function, environmental impacts microbiota, focusing on roles transformation We believe in-depth exploration this field will advance integrated systems, is essential achieving humanity's sustainable goals.</p>

Language: Английский

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Multi-Omics Analysis of Curculio dieckmanni (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae Reveals Host Responses to Steinernema carpocapsae Infection

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 503 - 503

Published: May 7, 2025

The hazelnut weevil larvae (Curculio dieckmanni) is a major pest of nut weevils, spending part its life cycle in the soil and causing significant damage to crops. Moreover, concealed feeding behavior complicates effective control with chemical insecticides. entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae, which efficiently kills larvae, offers promising biological agent. To investigate molecular responses infection, we employed integrated transcriptomic proteomic analyses following infection by S. carpocapsae. Our results revealed substantial alterations gene expression, particularly upregulation immune-related transcripts such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stress-responsive proteins like heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Furthermore, metabolic reprogramming occurred, marked downregulation carbohydrate pathways activation energy conservation mechanisms. Although observed an overall correlation between mRNA expression levels, notable discrepancies highlighted critical roles post-transcriptional post-translational regulatory processes. Collectively, these findings advance our understanding interaction insect hosts pathogenic nematodes contribute valuable knowledge for enhancing effectiveness EPN-based management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Identification of Multifunctional Putative Bioactive Peptides in the Insect Model Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1332 - 1332

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

Innate immunity, the body's initial defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, heavily depends on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small molecules produced by all living organisms. Insects, with their vast biodiversity, one of most abundant innovative sources AMPs. In this study, AMPs from red palm weevil (RPW)

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning-Driven Discovery and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides from Crassostrea gigas Mucus Proteome

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 385 - 385

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Marine antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising source for combating infections, especially against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and traditionally challenging infections. However, traditional drug discovery methods face challenges such as time-consuming processes high costs. Therefore, leveraging machine learning techniques to expedite the of marine AMPs holds significant promise. Our study applies develop AMPs, focusing on

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptide Pro10-1D Exhibits Anti-Allergic Activity: A Promising Therapeutic Candidate

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12138 - 12138

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a range of biological functions, reports on AMPs with therapeutic effects in allergic disorders are limited. In this study, we investigated the anti-allergic Pro10-1D, 10-meric AMP derived from insect defensin protaetiamycine. Our findings demonstrate that Pro10-1D effectively inhibits antigen-induced degranulation mast cells (MCs) IC

Language: Английский

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