Health Benefits Beyond the Scale: The Role of Diet and Nutrition During Weight Loss Programmes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(21), P. 3585 - 3585

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Introduction: Obesity management strategies such as caloric restriction, very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs), and meal replacements can lead to moderate short-term weight loss. However, many patients face significant challenges in maintaining these results. Personalized interventions, including behavioral counseling physical activity, have been shown improve long-term adherence success. Current clinical guidelines emphasize the pivotal role of dietitians enhancing patient outcomes through nutritional therapy. When combined with pharmacotherapy bariatric surgery, focus shifts from mere loss broader health improvements. Methods: This review explores evolving obesity management, advocating for a shift weight-centric approach more holistic model that prioritizes overall gains. Key areas interest include dietetic interventions’ impact on metabolic health, cardiovascular function, gut microbiome balance, inflammation, psychological well-being. Results: Dietetic interventions provide improvements beyond These enhanced better reduced improved sleep quality, mental well-being, quality life. By focusing non-scale victories insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, play crucial driving success management. highlight need comprehensive view Conclusions: The is expanding encompass individualized approach. Moving reduction, this paradigm promotes long-term, patient-centered address multifactorial nature obesity. combining dietary changes regular activity support, contribute sustained improvements, treating chronic, complex disease.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Erectile Dysfunction: From Pathophysiology to Treatment Strategies

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 250 - 250

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent male sexual disorder characterized by the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory performance. While its etiology multifactorial, encompassing vascular, neurological, hormonal, and psychological components, emerging evidence suggests significant role gut microbiota dysbiosis in development. The influences various metabolic, inflammatory, neuropsychological processes critical erectile function. Dysbiosis can lead systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, hormonal imbalances, altered neurotransmitter production, all of which are key factors ED pathogenesis. This narrative review synthesizes current research on association between alterations ED, highlighting specific bacterial taxa implicated through mechanisms involving metabolic disturbances, regulation. explores potential linking including pro-inflammatory cytokines, barrier integrity disruption, disorders, via gut–brain axis, Furthermore, offers promising avenues developing non-invasive biomarkers therapeutic interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, fecal transplantation. Future should focus longitudinal studies, mechanistic explorations, clinical trials validate these findings translate them into practice. Understanding interplay function could unveil novel diagnostic pave way innovative treatments targeting microbiota, ultimately improving men’s overall health.

Language: Английский

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Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Associated with Obesity in Gestational Diabetes

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 387 - 387

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced by the microbial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates, play an important role in metabolism and physiology host. SCFAs involved regulation maternal during pregnancy influence weight gain, glucose metabolism, metabolic hormones. Methods: In 2017, women who were treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at University Medical Centre Ljubljana invited to participate a longitudinal study. A total 45 included this study comprehensively phenotyped. During second third trimester pregnancy, with GDM provided fecal samples SCFA analysis. The analyzed high-performance liquid chromatography simultaneous determination acetate, propionate, butyrate. Results: concentrations feces differed between overweight/obese normal-weight GDM. Acetate propionate significantly higher pregnant overweight or obese before compared but butyrate not. Butyrate was elevated group excessive gain. Conclusions: relationship obesity is complex, association remains be clarified. Regardless conflicting publications on SCFAs, our showed that acetate levels associated categories

Language: Английский

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Holobiome Harmony: Linking Environmental Sustainability, Agriculture, and Human Health for a Thriving Planet and One Health

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 514 - 514

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The holobiome is an interconnected network of microbial ecosystems spanning soil, plants, animals, humans, and the environment. Microbial interactions drive nutrient cycling, pathogen suppression, climate regulation. Soil microbiomes facilitate carbon sequestration enhance soil fertility, while marine contribute to capture stability. However, industrial agriculture, extensive herbicide use, antibiotic overuse, change threaten diversity, leading ecosystem health disruptions. Probiotic interventions help restore balance. In human health, probiotics support gut microbiota reduce inflammation, regulate metabolism. improve degrade contaminants, increasing crop yields health. Case studies show that inoculants effectively remediate degraded soils uptake. Artificial intelligence transforming microbiome research by enabling predictive modeling, precision probiotic design, consortia optimization. Interdisciplinary collaboration supportive policies are essential for restoring equilibria, ensuring resilience, promoting long-term sustainability. integration artificial intelligence, clinical research, sustainable practices crucial advancing science. framework underscores need interdisciplinary address global challenges, bridging environmental sustainability, public a resilient future.

Language: Английский

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Role of Gut Microbial Metabolites in Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Heart Failure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2242 - 2242

Published: March 2, 2025

The effect of the gut microbiota extends beyond their habitant place from gastrointestinal tract to distant organs, including cardiovascular system. Research interest in relationship between heart and has recently been emerging. secretes metabolites, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile (BAs), indole propionic acid (IPA), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln). In this review, we explore accumulating evidence on role these secreted metabolites pathophysiology ischemic non-ischemic failure (HF) by summarizing current knowledge clinical studies experimental models. Elevated TMAO contributes HF through TGF-ß/Smad signaling-mediated myocardial hypertrophy fibrosis, impairments mitochondrial energy production, DNA methylation pattern change, intracellular calcium transport. Also, high-level can promote via inflammation, histone methylation-mediated vascular platelet hyperactivity, thrombosis, as well cholesterol accumulation activation MAPK signaling. Reduced SCFAs upregulate Egr-1 protein, T-cell infiltration, HDAC 5 6 activities, leading HF, while reactive oxygen species production hyperactivation caveolin-ACE axis result HF. An altered BAs level worsens contractility, opens permeability transition pores inducing apoptosis, enhances accumulation, eventually exacerbating IPA, inhibition nicotinamide N-methyl transferase expression increased nicotinamide, NAD+/NADH, SIRT3 levels, ameliorate HF; meanwhile, H2S suppressing Nox4 ROS stimulating PI3K/AKT pathway also protect against Furthermore, PAGln affect sarcomere shortening ability myocyte contraction. This emerging field research new avenues for therapies restoring dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, or fecal transplantation such normalizing circulating levels TMAO, SCFA, BAs, H2S, PAGln.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Changes in Fecal Microbiome After Endoscopic Resection and Surgical Resection in Gastric Cancer Patients

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 144 - 144

Published: April 4, 2025

Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer treatments can lead to significant alterations patients’ gastrointestinal microbiome. However, differences in microbial impacts between gastrectomy and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remain underexplored. This study investigates how these influence diversity composition patients with stage I gastric cancer. Methods: Patients pathologically confirmed were recruited from Chung-Ang University Hospital December 2016 2019. analyzed fecal samples 13 (ESD: n = 5; gastrectomy: 8) before after treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbial indices taxonomic compared, follow-up extending up two years. Results: In the total cohort, alpha significantly decreased post-treatment (p < 0.05), beta analysis showed distinct clustering pre- 0.05). At genus level, Bacteroides while Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Blautia increases Comparative analyses revealed that ESD group, remained unchanged, although without notable changes major taxa. contrast, surgical resection resulted a reduction 0.05) increased abundances of Streptococcus abundance Conclusions: Surgical exerts effects on microbiome composition, has more limited impact. These findings underscore importance considering postoperative management.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Effects of Oral Antidiabetics

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2786 - 2786

Published: April 17, 2025

Introduction: The cause–effect relationships between microbiota composition changes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are complex, likely involving two-way interactions, require further elucidation. Few studies have examined the interactions of antidiabetic drugs with gut microbiota. This study’s goal was to evaluate patients at first diagnosis again after 12 weeks taking oral drugs. Methods: We performed a fecal analysis adult who recently received T2D healthy adults. compared compositions controls; we also evaluated from baseline treatment in total group receiving antidiabetics, as well subgroups metformin linagliptin. Results: alpha diversity beta indices were different controls. LEfSe showed that, genus level, Lactobacillus, Rothia, Collinsella, Eubacterium genera increased relative abundance while, species Rothia mucilaginosa, Collinsella aerofaciens, bioforme strains found be dominant group. Faecalibacterium level prausnitzii strain weeks. After intervention, significantly lower control At end 12th week, Gemmiger group, formicilis aerofaciens being level; Bacteroides Alistipes Prevotella stercorea finegoldii dominant. There no difference results linagliptin treatment. formicilis, Ruminococcus bromii, Lactobacillus ruminis predominant start treatment; however, weeks, became predominant. Conclusions: report that there is substantial change T2D. Oral treatments, especially metformin, some beneficial effects on composition. explored interaction microbiota; research will elucidate clinical impact these diabetes.

Language: Английский

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Gut Mycobiome: Latest Findings and Current Knowledge Regarding Its Significance in Human Health and Disease

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 333 - 333

Published: April 22, 2025

The gut mycobiome, the fungal component of microbiota, plays a crucial role in health and disease. Although fungi represent small fraction ecosystem, they influence immune responses, homeostasis, disease progression. mycobiome’s composition varies with age, diet, host factors, its imbalance has been linked to conditions such as inflammatory bowel (IBD) metabolic disorders. Advances sequencing have expanded our understanding fungi, but challenges remain due methodological limitations high variability between individuals. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including antifungals, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, show promise require further study. This review highlights recent discoveries on interactions bacteria, disease, potential clinical applications. A deeper contributions will help develop targeted microbiome-based therapies.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Whey in Functional Microorganism Growth and Metabolite Generation: A Biotechnological Perspective

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1488 - 1488

Published: April 24, 2025

The valorization of cheese whey, a rich by-product the dairy industry that is in lactose (approx. 70%), proteins (14%), and minerals (9%), represents promising approach for microbial fermentation. With global whey production exceeding 200 million tons annually, high biochemical oxygen demand underlines important need sustainable processing alternatives. This review explores biotechnological potential as fermentation medium by examining its chemical composition, interactions, ability to support synthesis valuable metabolites. Functional microorganisms such lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus, L. acidophilus), yeasts (Kluyveromyces marxianus), actinobacteria, filamentous fungi (Aspergillus oryzae) have demonstrated efficiently convert into wide range bioactive compounds, including organic acids, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), bacteriocins, enzymes, peptides. To enhance growth metabolite production, can be carried out using various techniques, batch, fed-batch, continuous immobilized cell fermentation, membrane bioreactors. These bioprocessing methods improve substrate utilization yields, contributing efficient whey. compounds diverse applications food, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, biofuels strengthen role resource. Patents clinical studies confirm bioactivities whey-derived metabolites their industrial potential. Whey peptides provide antihypertensive, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial benefits, while bacteriocins EPSs act natural preservatives foods pharmaceuticals. Also, acids propionic biopreservatives food safety health-promoting formulations. results emphasize whey’s significant relevance sustainable, cost-efficient high-quality pharmaceutical, agricultural, bioenergy sectors.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Enterococcus faecium Kimate-X on Reducing Stress in Dogs Through Gut Microbiota Modulation

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 412 - 412

Published: April 27, 2025

Stress in dog breeding leads to significant physiological and psychological burdens, including anxiety, reduced appetite, weakened immune function, gut microbiota imbalance, even death. Currently, there are various pharmacological interventions for stress management, but few focus on health. This study evaluates the potential of a novel strain, Enterococcus faecium Kimate-X, alleviating transport improving health dogs, providing an alternative traditional treatments. In vitro experiments showed that Kimate-X significantly enhanced activities superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalase (CAT) while reducing levels malondialdehyde (MDA) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. vivo, dogs supplemented with exhibited lower cortisol after transport, indicating stress. Metagenomic analysis revealed increased diversity higher concentrations short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate) fecal samples. systematically uncovers mechanism by which alleviates through modulation microbiota. These findings provide new scientific evidence supporting use probiotics as approach management animals.

Language: Английский

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