Hydroxychalcones as Herbicides

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 572 - 572

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Efforts to develop weed management alternatives are urgently required due various challenges, such as declining crop yields, rising production costs, and the growing prevalence of herbicide-resistant species. Chalcones occur in nature have phytotoxic potential concise synthesis; additionally, they multifunctional, with diverse biomolecular targets a broad spectrum biological activities. This study sought assess herbicidal 3′-hydroxychalcones against species under laboratory conditions. Their effects were investigated using germination bioassays, early growth measurements, seedling vigor index, all prepared concentration 1 × 10−3 mol L−1 3′-hydroxychalcones. 3′-Hydroxy-4-pyridyl-chalcone caused greatest inhibition (81%) length Urochloa decumbens. Other also large initial reductions, 3′-hydroxy-4-pyridyl-chalcone (75%) 3′-hydroxy-4-nitrochalcone (68%) Digitaria insularis 3′-hydroxy-4-bromochalcone (73%) Raphanus raphanistrum. The reduction index was 81% D. treated 3′-hydroxy-4-bromochalcone. same 3′-hydroxychalcone an 80% Amaranthus viridis. In conclusion, exhibit activity, suggesting could serve solution for future strategies.

Language: Английский

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Chalcones – Features, Identification Techniques, Attributes and Application in Agriculture

Published: April 1, 2024

This review provides a comprehensive and updated information on chalcones, presenting their sources, methods of identification properties putting emphasis applications in agricultural industry. Vast exploitation synthetic pesticides led to the weed pest resistance issue, causing economic loss but more importantly health risk due pesticide overuse. Because one aim European Green Deal 2030 is Farm Fork strategy which targets reducing by 50% use chemical 2030, push towards natural are environmentally friendly restore resources, chalcones derivatives seem fit perfectly. They have herbicidal, fungicidal, bactericidal antiviral properties. Moreover, naturally occurring substances, known for favorable effect years, working many areas. complementary previous ones describing agriculture, updates them additionally shows detection.

Language: Английский

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Insights on the Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Melanogenic Effects of 2′-Hydroxy-2,6′-dimethoxychalcone in RAW 264.7 and B16F10 Cells

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(2), P. 85 - 85

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Chalcones are recognized for their diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic effects. However, studies on 2′-hydroxy-2-methoxychalcone derivatives remain limited. This study investigated the melanin synthesis-inhibitory effects of three derivatives: 2′-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxychalcone (2,4-DMC), 2′-hydroxy-2,5′-dimethoxychalcone (2,5′-DMC), 2′-hydroxy-2,6′-dimethoxychalcone (2,6′-DMC). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, 2,6′-DMC demonstrated a superior inhibition nitric oxide (NO) production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, expression inducible synthase (iNOS) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) compared to other derivatives. A mechanistic analysis revealed that modulates NF-κB MAPK signaling pathways attenuate inflammation. Additionally, exhibited significant α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells by downregulating tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MITF expression. regulation was achieved through suppression Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, PKA/CREB pathways. Compared 2,4-DMC 2,5′-DMC, 2,6′-DMC’s structural configuration, characterized methoxy groups at 2- 6′-positions, contributed its enhanced molecular stability binding affinity, amplifying inhibitory primary skin irritation test confirmed minimal irritation, demonstrating safety dermal applications. These findings suggest holds promise as dual-function agent managing inflammatory conditions hyperpigmentation-related disorders.

Language: Английский

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Via Air or Rhizosphere: The Phytotoxicity of Nepeta Essential Oils and Malus Dihydrochalcones

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 701 - 701

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Many specialized metabolites found in plants have significant potential for developing environmentally friendly weed management solutions. This review focuses on the phytotoxic effects of volatile terpenes and phenolic compounds, particularly nepetalactone, an iridoid monoterpenoid from Nepeta species, phloretin, a dihydrochalcone predominantly genus Malus. We highlight current findings their herbicidal effects, including morphological, physiological, biochemical responses target plants. These results underscore sustainable herbicides that could control weeds with minimal environmental impact. also discuss soil persistence methods to enhance solubility, chemical stability, bioavailability. Additionally, possible non-target organisms, such as pollinators, non-pollinating insects, microbiota, are considered. However, further research deeper understanding long-term ecological impact, along resistance development risk assessment, is essential bioherbicides be applied practices.

Language: Английский

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Efficient Production of 4’-Hydroxydihydrochalcones Using Non-Conventional Yeast Strains

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10735 - 10735

Published: Oct. 5, 2024

The quest for novel therapeutic agents has rekindled interest in natural products, particularly those derived from biotransformation processes. Dihydrochalcones, a class of plant secondary metabolites, exhibit range pharmacological properties. Chalcone and dihydrochalcone compounds with the characteristic 4’-hydroxy substitution are present ‘dragon’s blood’ resin, known its traditional medicinal uses complex composition, making isolation these challenging. This study investigates efficient production 4′-hydroxydihydrochalcones using non-conventional yeast strains. We evaluated efficiency various 4′-hydroxychalcone substrates utilizing strains such as Yarrowia lipolytica KCh 71, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 464, Rhodotorula rubra 4 82, glutinis 242. Our findings revealed that 242 exhibited highest conversion efficiencies, exceeding 98% within one hour most substrates. position methoxy substituents chalcone ring significantly influenced hydrogenation efficiency. Moreover, we observed isomerization trans-4′-hydroxy-2-methoxychalcone to cis isomer, catalyzed by light exposure. underscores potential sustainable dihydrochalcones, providing foundation developing new nutraceuticals.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Gaseous Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment on the Polyphenolic Profile of Tomato Fruits Grown Under Cover

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 224 - 224

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

The aim of the study was to determine effect gaseous ozone, hydrogen peroxide and both factors used alternately on profile phenolic compounds tomato fruits grown under cover. Phenolic are natural substances, their biosynthesis in plant tissues is affected by stress such as ozone peroxide. experiment showed that use at a dose 2 ppm for 1.5 3 min significantly increased total amount compared control. In turn, obtained from plants which applied concentration 1 3% during vegetation, lower found addition, combined case four variants—2 + 1% H2O2; H2O2—significantly

Language: Английский

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