Published: May 10, 2024
Vaccines are one of the most effective medical interventions, playing a pivotal role in treating infectious diseases. Although traditional vaccines comprising killed, inactivated, or live attenuated pathogens have resulted protective immune responses, negative consequences their administration been well-appreciated. Modern evolved to contain purified antigenic proteins, epitopes, antigen-encoding mRNAs, rendering them relatively safe. However, reduced humoral and cellular responses pose major challenges modern vaccine platforms. Protein nanoparticle (PNP)-based garnered substantial interest recent years for ability present repetitive array antigens improving immunogenicity enhancing responses. Discovery characterization naturally occurring PNPs from various living organisms such as bacteria, archaea, viruses, insects, eukaryotes, well computationally designed structures approaches link paved way unprecedented advances field technology. In this review, we focus on some widely used optimally suitability promising platforms displaying native-like viral Such hold great promise combating emerging re-emerging diseases efficacy safety.
Language: Английский