Cannabis legalization and cannabis use, daily cannabis use and cannabis-related problems among adults in Ontario, Canada (2001–2019)

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 109765 - 109765

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

In the context of cannabis legalization in Canada, we examined effects on patterns consumption, including use, daily use and cannabis-related problems. addition, differential by age sex. A pre-post design was operationalized combining 19 iterations Centre for Addiction Mental Health (CAMH) Monitor Surveys (N = 52,260; 2001–2019): repeated, population-based, cross-sectional surveys adults Ontario. Participants provided self-reports (past 12 months), months) problems though telephone interviews. The consumption were using logistic regression analyses, with testing two-way interactions to determine Cannabis prevalence increased from 11 % 26 (p < 0.0001), 1 6 0.0001) 14 between 2001 2019. associated an likelihood (OR, 95 CI: 1.62, 1.40–1.86), (1.59, 1.21–2.07) (1.53, 1.20–1.95). For problems, a significant interaction observed suggesting among ≥55 years. Given increases these broader dissemination uptake targeted prevention tools is indicated.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the impacts of cannabis legalization: The International Cannabis Policy Study

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 102698 - 102698

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

Language: Английский

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Chronic Adolescent Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol Treatment of Male Mice Leads to Long-Term Cognitive and Behavioral Dysfunction, Which Are Prevented by Concurrent Cannabidiol Treatment

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 235 - 246

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Introduction: The high prevalence of adolescent cannabis use, the association between this use and later psychiatric disease, increased access to high-potency highlight need for a better understanding long-term effects on cognitive behavioral outcomes. Furthermore, increasing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in is accompanied by decrease cannabidiol (CBD), thus an interactions CBD THC neurodevelopmental also important. current study examined immediate consequences THC, CBD, their combination mouse model use. Materials Methods: Male CD1 mice received daily injections (3 mg/kg), CBD+THC mg/kg each), vehicle, or remained undisturbed home cage (no handling/injections), either during adolescence (postnatal day [PND] 28–48) early adulthood (PND 69–89). Animals were then evaluated with battery tests 1 after drug treatment, again 42 drug-free days. included following: open field (day 1), novel object recognition (NOR; 2), marble burying 3), elevated plus maze (EPM; 4), Nestlet shredding 5). Results: Chronic administration led impairments recognition/working memory, as measured NOR task. In contrast, adult caused immediate, but not long term, impairment object/working memory. Adolescent chronic exposure repetitive compulsive-like behaviors, adulthood, delayed increase anxiety EPM. All THC-induced abnormalities prevented coadministration CBD+THC, whereas alone did influence Conclusion: These data suggest that leads some common schizophrenia. Interestingly, appeared antagonize all abnormalities. findings support hypothesis can impart deficits; however, cotreatment prevents these deficits.

Language: Английский

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Medical cannabis patterns of use and substitution for opioids & other pharmaceutical drugs, alcohol, tobacco, and illicit substances; results from a cross-sectional survey of authorized patients

Harm Reduction Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2019

A 239-question cross-sectional survey was sent out via email in January 2017 to gather comprehensive information on cannabis use from Canadian medical patients registered with a federally authorized licensed producer, resulting 2032 complete surveys.The gathered detailed demographic data and patient patterns of use, including questions assessing the self-reported impact prescription drugs, illicit substances, alcohol, tobacco.Participants were 62.6% male (n = 1271) 91% Caucasian 1839). The mean age 40 years old, pain mental health conditions accounted for 83.7% all respondents 1700). Then, 74.6% reported daily 1515) amount used per day 1.5 g. most commonly cited substitution drugs (69.1%, n 953), followed by alcohol (44.5%, 515), tobacco (31.1%, 406), substances (26.6%, 136). Opioid medications 35.3% drug 610), antidepressants (21.5%, 371). Of 610 mentions specific opioid medications, report total cessation 59.3% 362).This study offers unique perspective focusing standardized, government-regulated source Canada's federal program. findings provide granular view subsequent impacts opioids, other adding growing body academic research suggesting that increased regulated access recreational can result reduction harms associated tobacco, substances.

Language: Английский

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The use of cannabinoids for sleep: A critical review on clinical trials.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 383 - 401

Published: May 23, 2019

Cannabis and its pharmacologically active constituents, phytocannabinoids, have long been reported to multiple medicinal benefits. One association often by users is sedation subjective improvements in sleep. To further examine this association, we conducted a critical review of clinical studies examining the effects cannabinoids on objective measures PubMED, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched using terms synonyms related Articles chosen included randomized controlled trials open label studies. The Cochrane risk bias tool was used assess quality that compared with control interventions. current literature focuses mostly use tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) treatment chronic health conditions such as sclerosis, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pain. Sleep secondary, rather than primary outcome these Many reviewed suggested could improve sleep quality, decrease disturbances, onset latency. While many did show positive effect sleep, there are limiting factors small sample sizes, secondary context another illness, relatively few validated or measurements. This also identified several questions should be addressed future research. These include elucidation dichotomy between THC CBD, well identifying any long-term adverse cannabinoid use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Communicating THC levels and ‘dose’ to consumers: Implications for product labelling and packaging of cannabis products in regulated markets

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 102509 - 102509

Published: July 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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Post-Legalization Opening of Retail Cannabis Stores and Adult Cannabis Use in Washington State, 2009–2016

American Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 109(9), P. 1294 - 1301

Published: July 18, 2019

Objectives. To assess the relationship between adult cannabis use and time-varying local measures of retail market presence before after legalization (2012) opening (2014) in Washington State.Methods. We used 2009 to 2016 data on 85 135 adults' current (any) frequent (20 or more days) past-month from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System linked retailer proximity density. Multilevel models predicted over time, accounting for nesting within communities.Results. Current grew significantly 2016; did not change immediately but increased subsequently with greater access retailers. Specifically, among adults living areas 18 miles a and, especially, 0.8 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24, 1.69). Frequent (OR 1.43; CI 1.15, 1.77). Results related geospatial density were consistent.Conclusions. Increasing was associated use.Public Health Implications. Policymakers might consider limits as strategy preventing heavy adults.

Language: Английский

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Brief interventions for cannabis use in emerging adults: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 107565 - 107565

Published: Sept. 19, 2019

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and modes of cannabis use among youth in Canada, England, and the US, 2017 to 2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 219, P. 108505 - 108505

Published: Jan. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Cannabis Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada: A Repeated Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Addiction Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 484 - 490

Published: Dec. 11, 2020

Objectives: In the context of ongoing coronavirus disease pandemic in Canada, we aimed to (1) characterize trends cannabis use overall population; and (2) patterns identify risk characteristics associated with an increase among those who used cannabis. Methods: Data were obtained from three waves online, repeated cross-sectional survey adults residing Canada (May 08–June 23, 2020; N = 3012). Trends assessed using Cochran-Armitage chi-square tests, identified logistic regression analyses. Results: Cannabis population remained stable during months May June. Among cannabis, about half increased their compared before start pandemic. This proportion consistent across waves. Risk higher odds included residence central region (Odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals: 1.93, 1.03–3.62), being 18 29 years old (2.61, 1.32–5.17) or 30 49 (1.85, 1.07–3.19), having less than college university education (1.86, 1.13–3.06) somewhat worried pandemic's impact on personal finances (1.73, 1.00–3.00). Conclusions: A large have pandemic, suggesting a need for interventions limit use, policy measures address cannabis-attributable harms, continued monitoring after

Language: Английский

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