Cropping systems in agriculture and their impact on soil health-A review

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23, P. e01118 - e01118

Published: June 1, 2020

Soil health is defined as the capacity of soil to function, within ecosystem boundaries, sustain crop and animal productivities, maintain or enhance environmental sustainability, improve human worldwide. In agro-ecosystems, can change due anthropogenic activities, such preferred cropping practices intensive land-use management, which further impact functions. Previous assessment in agriculture mostly relates eco-functions that are integrated with non-biological properties nutrients structures. recent years, biological microorganisms were considered an essential composition well. However, systematic reviews its potential feedback society under different still limited. this review, we discussed 1) common novel agro-systems on health, 2) evolution plant–microbe–soil complex biochemical mechanisms pressure responsible for 3) changes concept quality over decades key indicators currently used evaluating 4) issues agroecosystems affect most, particularly how various have developed time activities agroecosystem. This knowledge, along necessary policies, will help ensure healthy soil—a crucial component sustainable development.

Language: Английский

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Soil organic matter and water retention

Agronomy Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 112(5), P. 3265 - 3277

Published: May 7, 2020

Abstract The current and projected anthropogenic global warming the attendant increase in severity extent of soil degradation may exacerbate intensity duration drought occurrence agroecosystems. Restoration organic matter (SOM) content degraded/depleted soils can water retention (SWR) more at field capacity (FC) than that permanent wilting point (PWP), thus plant available (PAWC). magnitude PAWC depend on texture initial SOM content. Thus, restoration make them as well agroecosystems climate‐resilient. Management practices which enhance health by restoring include conservation agriculture, cover cropping, residue mulching, complex farming systems involving integration crops with trees livestock. Such technologies must be fine‐tuned under site‐specific conditions. Additional research is needed to establish cause‐effect relationship between ameliorative effect drought‐resilience for diverse cropping systems.

Language: Английский

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Soil health assessment: Past accomplishments, current activities, and future opportunities

Soil and Tillage Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 104365 - 104365

Published: Aug. 23, 2019

Language: Английский

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Biological soil health indicators respond to tillage intensity: A US meta-analysis

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 369, P. 114335 - 114335

Published: March 17, 2020

Tillage intensity affects soil microbiological activity in many ways, often driven by changes organic C (SOC) content. The magnitude and direction of those changes, however, depends on inherent (e.g., type texture), experimental study duration sampling depth) agronomic factors cropping system crop residue management). This nationwide meta-analysis examines published effects chisel plowing (CP), no-tillage (NT), perennial systems (PER) relative to moldboard plow (MP) seven health indicators: SOC, microbial biomass (MBC), N (MBN), respiration (Resp), active-C (AC), beta-glucosidase (BG) protein (Prot) within four depth increments 302 studies from throughout the United States (U.S.). Overall, converting MP CP primarily affected topsoil (0 ≤ 15 cm) MBC, Resp, whereas NT significantly increased all indicators topsoil. Below topsoil, had greater MBN, BG (i.e., 25-cm). impact was latitude, order, time under NT, system. Among orders, management practices largest positive Ultisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols, Mollisols. Those were most noticeable at lower latitudes, that included cover crops or retention, experiments conducted for least three years. Perennial a effect depths >40-cm). response PER compared enhanced latitudes Entisols, Based this meta-analysis, reducing tillage intensity, planting and/or minimizing removal annual can improve biological U.S. Finally, we demonstrate SOC other are sensitive practices, confirming their utility assessment.

Language: Английский

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Diversified Crop Rotation: An Approach for Sustainable Agriculture Production

Advances in Agriculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 9

Published: July 22, 2021

Diversified crop rotation (DCR) improves the efficiency of farming systems all over world. It has potentiality to improve soil condition and boost system productivity. Improved attributes such as increased water uptake storage, a greater number beneficial organisms, may yield tolerance drought other hard growing conditions in variety rotations. Crop rotations with crops benefit farmers,reduce production risk uncertainty, enhance ecological sustainability. Farmers be able diversify their sources income by adopting diversified Furthermore, because distinct structure, function, relationship plant community DCR, it contributes long-term development health decreasing insect, weed, disease incidence increasing physical chemical structure soil. DCR is becoming more popular approach for maintaining sustainable production. This review provides evidence significance challenges adapt it, possible way out overcome challenges.

Language: Английский

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Introducing the North American project to evaluate soil health measurements

Agronomy Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 112(4), P. 3195 - 3215

Published: April 7, 2020

Abstract The North American Project to Evaluate Soil Health Measurements was initiated with the objective identify widely applicable soil health measurements for evaluation of agricultural management practices intended improve health. More than 20 indicators were chosen assessment across 120 long‐term research sites spanning from north‐central Canada southern Mexico. being evaluated include common standard measures soil, but also newer techniques visible and near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy, a smart phone app, metagenomics. aim using consistent sampling analytical protocols selected provide database indicator results that can be used better understand how land use has affected condition ecosystem provisioning biomass production water resources, as well nutrient C cycling. this paper is documentation overall design, methods employed sensitive practices, pedologies, geographies.

Language: Английский

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Predicting measures of soil health using the microbiome and supervised machine learning

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 108472 - 108472

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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Soil quality and grain yield: A win–win combination in clayey tropical oxisols

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 388, P. 114880 - 114880

Published: Feb. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Cropping system and soil texture shape soil health outcomes and scoring functions

Soil Security, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 100012 - 100012

Published: July 24, 2021

Inherent soil properties often define the soil's basic functions, but human management can have superimposing impacts on quality of soil. It is therefore challenging to interpret Soil Health (SH) measurements in context a region's soils and cropping systems. We examined effects texture, dominant inherent property, system SH indicators for New York, USA soils. A dataset 1,750 samples was analyzed including Organic Matter (SOM), Permanganate-Oxidizable Carbon (POXC), Respiration (Resp), protein (Protein), Available Water Capacity (AWC), Wet Aggregate Stability (WAS), surface subsurface penetration resistance, seven chemical properties. Measured physical biological were affected by both texture system. AWC measured disturbed mostly (37.4% variance explained), while Resp, Protein, WAS impacted (11.7%, 14.7%, 22.1% explained, respectively). POXC equally Pasture Mixed Vegetable systems tended highest health, followed Dairy Crop Annual Grain Processing lowest health. The are presumably linked differences carbon nutrient balances amount disturbance through tillage. scoring functions based classes developed York State facilitate interpretation test results production-specific environments.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of aggregate stability methods for soil health

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 428, P. 116156 - 116156

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Aggregate stability is a commonly used indicator of soil health because improvements in aggregate are related to reduced erodibility and improved soil–water dynamics. During the past 80 90 years, numerous methods have been developed assess stability. Limited comparisons among resulted varied magnitudes response management practices influences inherent properties climate. It not clear whether selection specific method creates any advantage investigator. This study assessed four measuring using data collected as part North American Project Evaluate Soil Health Measurements. The included water stable aggregates Cornell Rainfall Simulator (WSACASH), wet sieved (WSAARS), slaking captured adapted from SLAKES smart-phone image recognition software (STAB10), mean weight diameter (MWD). Influence climate at continental scale were analyzed addition responses rotation diversity, cash crop count, residue management, organic nutrient amendments, cover crops, tillage. moderately correlated with each other. All sensitive differences between sites, although different degrees. None measured significant effects diversity or but all detected increases resulting Significant positive trends observed for relation cropping, increased retention, except STAB10, which expressed slightly negative amendments. Considering these results, no single was clearly superior viable options Therefore, secondary considerations (e.g., cost, availability, sensitivity practice, minimal within-treatment variability) driven by needs investigator, should determine most suitable method.

Language: Английский

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