Alternative Pathways for Carotenoid Transformation Could Reduce Colour Production Efficiency in Wild Common Crossbills (Loxia Curvirostra) DOI
Alejandro Cantarero, Blanca Fernández-Eslava, Daniel Alonso

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT: In many vertebrates, dietary yellow carotenoids are enzymatically transformed into 4C-ketocarotenoid pigments, leading to conspicuous red colourations. These colourations may evolve as signals of individual quality under sexual or social selection. To signals, they must transmit reliable information benefiting both the receiver and signaler. Some argue that reliability 4C-ketocarotenoid-based is ensured by tight link between cell (mitochondrial) metabolism, which supposedly involved in transforming carotenoids. We studied how a range covary feathers blood plasma large number (n > 140) wild male common crossbills (Loxia curvirostra). Plumage redness was mainly due 3-hydroxy-echinenone (3HOE). Two other 4C-ketocarotenoids, although less abundant (astaxanthin canthaxanthin), could have contributed feather colour redder pigments. This demonstrated for astaxanthin but not canthaxanthin, whose levels were uncorrelated colouration. Moreover, moulting carried more 3HOE than non-moulting ones, canthaxanthin did differ. Canthaxanthin formed from echinenone, product β-carotene ketolation. Echinenone ketolated hydroxylated produce 3HOE, respectively. birds, positively correlated its precursor, negatively levels. Redder birds also had lower values. An imbalance activity (or level) ketolases (e.g. CYP2J19) hydroxylases (unknown) explain production. hypothesise colouration indicate birds' ability avoid inefficiencies complex enzymatic pathways.

Language: Английский

Alternative Pathways for Carotenoid Transformation Could Reduce Colour Production Efficiency in Wild Common Crossbills (Loxia Curvirostra) DOI
Alejandro Cantarero, Blanca Fernández-Eslava, Daniel Alonso

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT: In many vertebrates, dietary yellow carotenoids are enzymatically transformed into 4C-ketocarotenoid pigments, leading to conspicuous red colourations. These colourations may evolve as signals of individual quality under sexual or social selection. To signals, they must transmit reliable information benefiting both the receiver and signaler. Some argue that reliability 4C-ketocarotenoid-based is ensured by tight link between cell (mitochondrial) metabolism, which supposedly involved in transforming carotenoids. We studied how a range covary feathers blood plasma large number (n > 140) wild male common crossbills (Loxia curvirostra). Plumage redness was mainly due 3-hydroxy-echinenone (3HOE). Two other 4C-ketocarotenoids, although less abundant (astaxanthin canthaxanthin), could have contributed feather colour redder pigments. This demonstrated for astaxanthin but not canthaxanthin, whose levels were uncorrelated colouration. Moreover, moulting carried more 3HOE than non-moulting ones, canthaxanthin did differ. Canthaxanthin formed from echinenone, product β-carotene ketolation. Echinenone ketolated hydroxylated produce 3HOE, respectively. birds, positively correlated its precursor, negatively levels. Redder birds also had lower values. An imbalance activity (or level) ketolases (e.g. CYP2J19) hydroxylases (unknown) explain production. hypothesise colouration indicate birds' ability avoid inefficiencies complex enzymatic pathways.

Language: Английский

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