The geography of climate and the global patterns of species diversity

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 622(7983), P. 537 - 544

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Climate's effect on global biodiversity is typically viewed through the lens of temperature, humidity and resulting ecosystem productivity1-6. However, it not known whether depends solely these climate conditions, or size fragmentation climates are also crucial. Here we shift common perspective in studies, transitioning from geographic space to a climate-defined multidimensional space. Our findings suggest that larger more isolated conditions tend harbour higher diversity species turnover among terrestrial tetrapods, encompassing than 30,000 species. By considering both characteristics itself its attributes, can explain almost 90% variation richness. Half explanatory power (45%) may be attributed either geography climate, suggesting nuanced interplay between them. work evolves conventional idea regions, such as tropics, host primarily because their size7,8. Instead, underscore integral roles extent degree isolation climates. This refined understanding presents intricate picture distribution, which guide our approach conservation an ever-changing world.

Language: Английский

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Islands in the mist: A systematic review of the coastal lomas of South America

Journal of Arid Environments, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 211, P. 104942 - 104942

Published: Jan. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Diversification dynamics in the Neotropics through time, clades, and biogeographic regions

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

The origins and evolution of the outstanding Neotropical biodiversity are a matter intense debate. A comprehensive understanding is hindered by lack deep-time comparative data across wide phylogenetic ecological contexts. Here, we quantify prevailing diversification trajectories drivers in sample 150 phylogenies (12,512 species) seed plants tetrapods, assess their variation regions taxa. Analyses indicate that diversity has mostly expanded through time (70% clades), while scenarios saturated declining account for 21% 9% diversity, respectively. Five biogeographic areas identified as distinctive units long-term evolution, including Pan-Amazonia, Dry Diagonal, Bahama-Antilles. Diversification dynamics do not differ these areas, suggesting no geographic structure diversification. In contrast, taxa: plant (88%), substantial fraction (43%) tetrapod accumulated at slower pace or declined towards present. These opposite evolutionary patterns may reflect different capacities tetrapods to cope with past climate changes.

Language: Английский

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Assessments of the earliest bats from the Quaternary of Serra da Mesa (Goiás, Brazil): phylogenetic insights and biogeographic modelling on the new extinct species of Rhinophylla , the first fossil record of the subfamily Rhinophyllinae (Chiroptera, Mammalia)

Historical Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Recovered from Quaternary deposits in Carneiro Cave (Serra da Mesa, Brazil), associated with a clayey-sandy sedimentary influx older than the overlying calcite layer, which has been dated to 182.8 ± 1.2 ka, new extinct species of Rhinophylla is described based on proximal radio fragment. This discovery represents one three oldest occurrences Chiroptera exposed stratigraphic profile. The fossil record consists 1,117 bone fragments, distributed across Pleistocene and Holocene packages. chronology this sequence established using layers, all are fully consistent their order deposition. A comparative study radioulnar morphology was conducted determine taxonomic identity bat. strict consensus tree for phyllostomids obtained, surprisingly recent molecular phylogenies, unequivocally places subfamily Rhinophyllinae. Biogeographic modelling Rhinophylla, typically characterised by an ecomorphology small specialised epiphytic frugivores, suggests that around 200 ka (the fossil's age reference) genus may have had broader distribution Central Brazil observed today. fact currently absent surrounding region Cave.

Language: Английский

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Continuous colonization of the Atlantic coastal rain forests of South America from Amazônia

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2039)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The two main extensions of rain forest in South America are the Amazon (Amazônia) and Atlantic (Mata Atlântica), which separated by a wide ‘dry diagonal’ seasonal vegetation. We used species-rich tree genus Inga to test if Amazônia—Mata Atlântica dispersals have been clustered during specific time periods corresponding past, humid climates. performed hybrid capture DNA sequencing 810 nuclear loci for 453 accessions representing 164 species that included 62% Mata estimated dated phylogeny all using maximum likelihood, species-level coalescent methods. There 16–20 dispersal events from Amazônia with only one or reverse direction. These occurred over evolutionary history , no evidence temporal clustering, model comparisons alternative biogeographic histories null simulations showing timing matches random expectation. Time-specific corridors not required explain between trees such as likely dendritic net gallery forests cross dry diagonal.

Language: Английский

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Systematic and taxonomic revision of the genus Austrocactus (Cactaceae) based on morphology and genome wide SNP‐data

Taxon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 23, 2025

Abstract The post‐Miocene climatic history of arid environments in South America has been identified as a key driver dispersal and diversification, particularly among plant groups such Cactaceae. Despite their iconic status, many cactus genera remain poorly understood, comprehensive taxonomic systematic revisions using morphological genomic data are complex time‐consuming, resulting few studies to date. Here we present study the genus Austrocactus , currently with 10 accepted species native southern Andean Argentina parts Chile. is based on an extensive sampling covering both overall range diversity genus. We used ddRADseq approach phylogenetic relationships incorporating 44 individuals representing all morphospecies, widespread represented by several samples geographical spectrum. were analyzed maximum likelihood multispecies coalescence‐based models, well principal component analyses, providing well‐supported robust evolutionary framework. Based data, propose revised classification genus, total 17 species, 5 which described new. also provide updated infrageneric two subgenera three sections, circumscription including descriptions respective key. Finally, suggest specific research directions focused integrating ecological modeling complement our work enhance biogeographic understanding these species.

Language: Английский

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Thirteen years of Andean cat research in Chile: occurrence records and environmental patterns

Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular species delimitation and historical biogeography among species of the genus Partamona (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini), with emphasis on the Eastern group from South America

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 203(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract The stingless bees of the genus Partamona comprise 32 recognized species, all endemic to Neotropical region, ranging from Mexico southern Brazil. This study is first examine species delimitation, phylogenetic relationships, and divergence-time estimates within Eastern group. Of 21 in this group, 19 were included our analysis. Utilizing both mitochondrial nuclear markers, a multispecies coalescence model identified molecular operational taxonomic units, 13 which correspond perfectly nominal as initially defined. We find that group monophyletic consists three distinct clades, with relationships among differing significantly previous classifications. Divergence-time suggest originated Pliocene, substantial diversification occurring during Pleistocene, potentially influenced by shifts rainforest dry forest distributions riverine barriers Amazon region. propose major dispersal events across biomes. Given these findings, comprehensive review genus, particularly clade, necessary reassess current classification using an integrative approach.

Language: Английский

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Caatinga

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 483 - 501

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Unveiling the Evolutionary History of cis‐Andean Alouatta (Atelidae, Alouattinae) Through Mitochondrial Genomes

American Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 87(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Alouatta , a genus widely distributed throughout South and Central America, displays remarkable species diversity across various morphoclimatic domains. To clarify the ancestral distribution its role in radiation of our study employed time‐tree phylogenetic analyses to better understand current patterns cis‐ Andean species. We generated 36 mitogenomes, including representatives populations not previously analyzed, reconstruct molecular‐dated tree, estimate genetic distance‐based analyses, infer range . Our suggests an initial split within during Miocene, leading separation trans ‐Andean clades. Through reconstruction, we found that most recent common ancestor was broadly America. Within clade, two major splits were identified. One revealed close relationship between Amazonia‐endemic A. seniculus caraya adapted open‐dry domains, with Amazonia dry‐open In contrast, for guariba belzebul groups, which occur Atlantic Forest, included both The diversification driven by cladogenesis events. formation extant primarily founder events Pleistocene involved long‐distance dispersal posterior population isolation. These played crucial new underwent rapid divergence, resulting distinct lineages. findings shed light on origins lineages broad geographic range, as well emergence more taxa Pleistocene. This provides insights into their relationships, highlighting climatic changes shaping

Language: Английский

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