Cannabis sativa L. as a Natural Drug Meeting the Criteria of a Multitarget Approach to Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 778 - 778

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

Cannabis sativa L. turned out to be a valuable source of chemical compounds various structures, showing pharmacological activity. The most important groups include phytocannabinoids and terpenes. activity (in epilepsy, sclerosis multiplex (SM), vomiting nausea, pain, appetite loss, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome, schizophrenia, glaucoma, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), which has been proven so far, results from the affinity these predominantly for receptors endocannabinoid system (the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), two (CB2), G protein-coupled 55 (GPR55)) but, also, peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR), glycine receptors, serotonin (5-HT), transient potential channels (TRP), GPR, opioid receptors. synergism action phytochemicals present in sp. raw material is also expressed their increased bioavailability penetration through blood–brain barrier. This review provides an overview phytochemistry pharmacology extracts context current knowledge about synergistic actions implications clinical use treatment selected diseases.

Language: Английский

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Current status and future prospects in cannabinoid production through in vitro culture and synthetic biology

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 108074 - 108074

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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New Insights and Potential Therapeutic Targeting of CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors in CNS Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 975 - 975

Published: Jan. 17, 2022

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is ubiquitous in most human tissues, and involved the regulation of mental health. Consequently, its dysregulation associated with neuropsychiatric neurodegenerative disorders. Together, ECS expanded endocannabinoidome (eCBome) are composed genes coding for CB1 CB2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R, CB2R), endocannabinoids (eCBs), metabolic enzyme machinery their synthesis catabolism. activation CB1R adverse effects on central nervous (CNS), which has limited therapeutic use drugs that bind this receptor. discovery functional neuronal CB2R raised new possibilities potential safe targeting treatment CNS Previous studies were not able to detect mRNA transcripts brain tissue suggested CB2Rs absent considered peripheral receptors. Studies done role as a target treating different disorders revealed important putative certain disorders, requires further clinical validation. This review addresses recent advances including, but to, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s (AD), Huntington’s (HD) addiction.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids as potential phytotherapeutics to combat cytokine storm in SARS‐CoV‐2

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(8), P. 4258 - 4283

Published: March 30, 2021

Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐ 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, COVID‐19, has become the global panic since December 2019, which urges healthcare professionals to identify novel therapeutics counteract this pandemic. So far, there is no approved treatment available control public health issue; however, a few antiviral agents and repurposed drugs support patients under medical supervision by compromising their adverse effects, especially in emergency conditions. Only vaccines have been date. In context, several plant natural products‐based research studies are evidenced play crucial role immunomodulation that can prevent chances infection as well combat cytokine release storm (CRS) generated during COVID‐19 infection. present review, we focused on flavonoids, epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, hesperidin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, diosmin, ge nistein, biochanin A, silymarin, virus‐mediated elevated levels inflammatory cytokines leading multiple organ failure. addition, comprehensive discussion silico, vitro, vivo findings with critical analysis also evaluated, might pave way for further development phytotherapeutics potential lead candidatetoward effective safe management SARS‐CoV‐2 disease.

Language: Английский

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Opportunities, Challenges and Pitfalls of Using Cannabidiol as an Adjuvant Drug in COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 1986 - 1986

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may lead to disease 2019 (COVID-19) which, in turn, be associated with multiple organ dysfunction. In this review, we present advantages and disadvantages of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid from the cannabis plant, as potential agent for treatment COVID-19. CBD has been shown downregulate proteins responsible viral entry inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its effectiveness against diseases system well cardioprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective anti-convulsant properties, that is, effects beneficial Only latter two properties clinical studies, which also revealed anxiolytic antinociceptive (given alone or together Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol), important an adjuvant improve quality life patients COVID-19 limit post-traumatic stress symptoms. However, one should aware side (which are rarely serious), drug interactions (also extending drugs acting COVID-19) proper route administration (vaping dangerous). Clearly, further necessary prove suitability

Language: Английский

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Potential role of lipoxin in the management of COVID-19: a narrative review

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 1993 - 2001

Published: Sept. 16, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to the development of disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes endothelial dysfunction (ED), oxidative stress (OS), and inflammatory disorders. These changes cause hypoxia cytokine storm with cardio-pulmonary complications. Bioactive lipids other polyunsaturated fatty acids participate in a vital role SARS-CoV-2 process. One these mediators is anti-inflammatory compound, lipoxin (LX). LXs are produced from arachidonic acid (AA) by collaboration between 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) 12-15 LO during cell interactions. Thus, our goal was review probable COVID-19 regarding effects on signaling pathways that linked pathogenesis

Language: Английский

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Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Interacting with S Protein and ACE-2 Receptor

Viruses, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1080 - 1080

Published: May 17, 2022

Lipids play a crucial role in the entry and egress of viruses, regardless whether they are naked or enveloped. Recent evidence shows that lipid involvement viral infection goes much further. During replication, many viruses rearrange internal membranes to create niches where replicate assemble. Because close connection between lipids inflammation, derangement metabolism also results production inflammatory stimuli. Due its pivotal function life cycle, has become an area intense research understand how seize design antiviral drugs targeting pathways. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is lipid-derived peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) agonist counteracts SARS-CoV-2 replication. Our work highlights for first time potency PEA against SARS-CoV-2, exerting activity by two different mechanisms. First, binding S protein causes drop ~70%. We show this specific as it does not prevent VSV HSV-2, other enveloped use glycoproteins receptors mediate their entry. Second, we infected Huh-7 cells, treatment with dismantles droplets, preventing usage these vesicular bodies source energy protection innate cellular defenses. This surprising since activates PPAR-α, transcription factor that, once activated, generates cascade events leads disruption fatty acid thereby bringing about droplet degradation through β-oxidation. In conclusion, present demonstrates novel mechanism action direct indirect agent SARS-CoV-2. reinforces notion compound might significantly impact course COVID-19. Indeed, considering protective effects COVID-19 current objectives clinical trials (NCT04619706 NCT04568876) given relative lack toxicity humans, further preclinical tests will be needed fully consider promising adjuvant therapy pandemic emerging RNA share same route replication coronaviruses.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Inflammatory and Antiviral Effects of Cannabinoids in Inhibiting and Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 4170 - 4170

Published: April 10, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus made it necessary to search for new options both causal treatment and mitigation of its symptoms. Scientists researchers around world are constantly looking best therapeutic options. These difficult circumstances have also spurred re-examination potential natural substances contained in Cannabis sativa L. Cannabinoids, apart from CB1 CB2 receptors, may act multifacetedly through a number other such as GPR55, TRPV1, PPARs, 5-HT1A, adenosine glycine receptors. complex anti-inflammatory antiviral effects cannabinoids been confirmed interactions with various signaling pathways. Considering fact that causes excessive immune response triggers an inflammatory cascade, ability regulate these processes, can be assumed they used COVID-19. During pandemic, there were many publications on subject COVID-19, which indicate impact not only course disease, but their role prevention. It is worth noting shown well-known cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD), secondary cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) terpenes, emphasizing all plant’s compounds entourage effect. This article presents narrative review current knowledge this area available PubMed, Scopus Web Science medical databases.

Language: Английский

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A review of natural products, their effects on SARS-CoV-2 and their utility as lead compounds in the discovery of drugs for the treatment of COVID-19

Medicinal Chemistry Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 40 - 51

Published: Dec. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial and Antiviral (SARS-CoV-2) Potential of Cannabinoids and Cannabis sativa: A Comprehensive Review

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(23), P. 7216 - 7216

Published: Nov. 28, 2021

Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global health crisis and, therefore, new drug discovery is paramount need. Cannabis sativa contains hundreds of chemical constituents produced by secondary metabolism, exerting outstanding antimicrobial, antiviral, and therapeutic properties. This paper comprehensively reviews the antimicrobial antiviral (particularly against SARS-CoV-2) properties C. with potential for antibiotic and/or natural agents industrial or agricultural use, their newly coronavirus disease (COVID-19). compounds have good candidates antibiotics, even some WHO's current priority list resistant pathogens. Recent studies revealed that cannabinoids seem to stable conformations binding pocket Mpro enzyme SARS-CoV-2, which pivotal role in viral replication transcription. They are found be suppressive entry activation downregulating ACE2 receptor TMPRSS2 enzymes host cellular system. The anti-inflammatory hypothesized treatment COVID-19. However, more systemic investigations warranted establish best efficacy toxic effects, followed preclinical trials on large number participants.

Language: Английский

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