Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in spermatogenesis and male infertility

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2020

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a size of more than 200 bp and are known to regulate host crucial cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation apoptosis by regulating gene expression. While small noncoding (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, siRNAs, Piwi-interacting been extensively studied in male germ cell development, the role lncRNAs spermatogenesis remains largely unknown. Objective In this article, we reviewed biology along with tools available for data analysis. Results conclusions Till date, three microarray four RNA-seq studies undertaken identify mouse testes or cells. These were done on pre-natal, post-natal, adult testis, different cells spermatogenesis. case humans, five populations, including two sperm, undertaken. We compared human common found 15 (LINC00635, LINC00521, LINC00174, LINC00654, LINC00710, LINC00226, LINC00326, LINC00494, LINC00535, LINC00616, LINC00662, LINC00668, LINC00467, LINC00608, LINC00658) show consistent differential expression across these studies. Some targets included CENPB, FAM98B, GOLGA6 family, RPGR, TPM2, GNB5, KCNQ10T1, TAZ, LIN28A, CDKN2B, CDKN2A, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CDKN1C, EZH2, SUZ12, VEGFA genes. A lone study infertility identified 9879 differentially expressed (lnc32058, lnc09522, lnc98497) them showing specific high immotile sperm comparison normal motile sperm. few (Mrhl, Drm, Spga-lncRNAs, NLC1-C, HongrES2, Tsx, LncRNA-tcam1, Tug1, Tesra, AK015322, Gm2044, LncRNA033862) functionally validated their roles Apart from rodents sheep bull also potentially important number strong candidates further research

Language: Английский

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Non-Coding RNAs as Mediators of Epigenetic Changes in Malignancies

Cancers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 3657 - 3657

Published: Dec. 5, 2020

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are untranslated RNA molecules that regulate gene expressions. NcRNAs include small nuclear (snRNAs), nucleolar (snoRNAs), ribosomal (rRNAs), transfer (tRNAs), circular (cRNAs) and piwi-interacting (piRNAs). This review focuses on two types of ncRNAs: microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering (siRNAs) long non-coding (lncRNAs). We highlight the mechanisms by which miRNAs lncRNAs impact epigenome in context cancer. Both have ability to interact with numerous epigenetic modifiers transcription factors influence expression. The aberrant expression these ncRNAs is associated development progression tumors. primary reason for their deregulated can be attributed alterations. Epigenetic alterations cause misregulation ncRNAs. experimental evidence indicated most abnormally expressed cellular proliferation apoptotic pathways, such changes cancer-dependent. In vitro vivo experiments show that, depending cancer type, either upregulation downregulation prevent Therefore, a better understanding how tumorigenesis could serve develop new therapeutic treatments. Here, we involvement epigenetics use clinical therapy.

Language: Английский

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Emerging role of IL-6 and NLRP3 inflammasome as potential therapeutic targets to combat COVID-19: Role of lncRNAs in cytokine storm modulation

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 118114 - 118114

Published: July 18, 2020

Language: Английский

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Long Noncoding RNA GAS5 in Breast Cancer: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Biological Functions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(13), P. 6810 - 6810

Published: June 24, 2021

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as contributors to the development and progression of cancer through various functions mechanisms. LncRNA GAS5 is downregulated in multiple cancers acts a tumor suppressor breast cancer. interacts with proteins (e.g., E2F1, EZH2, YAP), DNA insulin receptor promoter), microRNAs (miRNAs). In cancer, binds miR-21, miR-222, miR-221-3p, miR-196a-5p, miR-378a-5p that indicates presence several elements for miRNA binding (MREs) GAS5. Mediated by listed miRNAs, involved upregulation number mRNAs such PTEN, PDCD4, DKK2, FOXO1, SUFU. Furthermore, aberrant promoter methylation regulation gene expression triple-negative some other carcinomas. can stimulate apoptosis via diverse pathways, including cell death receptors mitochondrial signaling pathways. also key player crucial signal pathways PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB signaling. Through epigenetic mechanisms, increase sensitivity drugs improve prognosis. thus promising target treatment patients.

Language: Английский

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microRNA 21 and long non-coding RNAs interplays underlie cancer pathophysiology: A narrative review

Non-coding RNA Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 831 - 852

Published: March 31, 2024

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of functional RNA molecules that lack the ability to code for proteins. Despite missing this traditional role, ncRNAs have emerged as crucial regulators various biological processes and been implicated in development progression many diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) long non-coding (lncRNAs) two prominent classes key players cancer pathophysiology. In particular, miR-21 has reported exhibit oncogenic roles forms human cancer, prostate, breast, lung, colorectal context, overexpression is closely associated with tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, whereas inactivation linked regression most tumor-related processes. Accordingly, modulator canonical pathways such PTEN/PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT, p53, MMP2, MMP9. Moreover, interplays between lncRNA miRNA further complicate regulatory mechanisms underlying progression. regard, several lncRNAs found interact and, by functioning competitive endogenous (ceRNAs) or sponges, can modulate tumorigenesis. This work presents discusses recent findings highlighting pathophysiological implications miR-21-lncRNA axis occurrence, development, The data collected indicate specific lncRNAs, MEG3, CASC2, GAS5, strongly types gastric, cervical, glioma. Indeed, these well-known suppressors commonly downregulated different tumors. Conversely, modulating signaling pathways, their preventing formation development. review highlights significance potential use therapy diagnostic prognostic markers.

Language: Английский

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Long non-coding RNAs in cancer: multifaceted roles and potential targets for immunotherapy

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 479(12), P. 3229 - 3254

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Our emerging understanding of the roles of long non-coding RNAs in normal liver function, disease, and malignancy

JHEP Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 100177 - 100177

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important biological mediators that regulate numerous cellular processes. New experimental evidence suggests lncRNAs play essential roles in liver development, normal physiology, fibrosis, and malignancy, including hepatocellular carcinoma cholangiocarcinoma. In this review, we summarise our current understanding of the function both health disease, as well discuss approaches could be used to target these transcripts for therapeutic purposes.

Language: Английский

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Disease-Causing Mutations and Rearrangements in Long Non-coding RNA Gene Loci

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 30, 2020

The classic understanding of molecular disease-mechanisms is largely based on protein-centric models. During the past decade however, genetic studies have identified numerous disease-loci in human genome that do not encode proteins. Such non-coding DNA variants increasingly gain attention diagnostics and personalized medicine. Of particular interest are long RNA (lncRNA) genes, which generate transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides translated into While most estimated ~20,000 lncRNAs currently remain unknown function, a growing number link lncRNA gene aberrations with development diseases, including diabetes, AIDS, inflammatory bowel disease, or cancer. This suggests view diseases does capture full complexity patho-mechanisms, important consequences for therapy. review illustrates well-documented causatively linked to discusses potential lessons disease models, diagnostics,

Language: Английский

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The Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Bone

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 3909 - 3909

Published: April 10, 2021

A harmonious balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity guarantees optimal bone formation resorption, pathological conditions affecting the may arise. In recent years, emerging evidence has shown that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role during osteoblastogenesis osteoclastogenesis processes, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These molecules are a class of ncRNAs with lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides not translated into protein, have attracted attention scientific community as potential biomarkers to use for future development novel diagnostic therapeutic approaches several pathologies, diseases. This review aims provide overview lncRNAs their possible molecular in processes. The deregulation expression profiles common diseases associated altered turnover is also described. perspective, could be considered innovative help earlier diagnosis metabolism-related disorders new strategies.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between lncRNAs in the apoptotic pathway and therapeutic targets in cancer

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 61 - 74

Published: April 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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