Genomic insights into extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and plasmid-borne AmpC-producing Escherichia coli transmission between humans and livestock in rural Cambodia

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 74(3)

Published: March 13, 2025

Introduction. The global spread of extended-spectrum cephalosporinase-producing Escherichia coli (producing β -lactamase or plasmid-borne AmpC, hereafter ESC-Ec) is a major public health concern. Whilst extensively studied in high-income countries, the transmission pathways between humans and animals low- middle-income countries (LMICs) remain unclear. In rural Cambodia, asymptomatic carriage dynamics ESC-Ec living close proximity are poorly understood, highlighting need for targeted research this area. Gap statement. An enhanced understanding genetic epidemiology can enable mitigation strategies to reduce burden disease drug-resistant infections LMIC settings. Aim. This study aimed investigate relatedness genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles strains from livestock Cambodia identify patterns antimicrobial (AMR) gene hosts across households villages. Methodology. Faecal samples were collected 307 285 100 near Kampong Cham Province Cambodia. From these samples, 108 subjected whole-genome sequencing. Core genome MLST (cgMLST) phylogenetic analysis determined relationships strains. All screened presence genes plasmids. Results. Human isolates assigned six phylogroups, with phylogroup A being most common (56.5%). identified 50 sequence types (STs), 17 which shared animals, ST155 prevalent. cgMLST revealed 97 distinct (cgST), indicating strain sharing animals. Additionally, AMR showed widespread resistance, bla CTX-M group detected 84.2% isolates. Notably, such as aph(3'')-Ib–sul2 co-occurred 50% Finally, plasmid IncF plasmids 75.9% isolates, likely facilitating hosts. Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate that their transmitted driven by both clonal plasmid-mediated horizontal transfer. These results highlight urgent stewardship infection control mitigate multidrug-resistant pathogens human animal populations.

Language: Английский

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Third‐Generation Cephalosporin‐Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli From Community‐ and Hospital‐Acquired Infections Show High Level of Antibiotic Resistance and Specific Virulence Traits

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Escherichia coli is a leading cause of both community‐acquired and nosocomial infections. In particular, E. responsible for 90% all uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) 65% complicated UTIs. Among UTIs, those caused by third‐generation cephalosporin (3GC)–resistant strains, expressing extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBLs), are on the rise. These strains show often multidrug‐resistant (MDR) phenotype, limiting therapeutic options increasing incidence MDR in Algeria concerning. This study aims to compare antibiotic resistance rates profiles as well virulence traits between 3CG‐resistant isolates, collected from Algerian inpatients (IPs) outpatients (OPs). Our analyses include phenotypic genotypic factor detection, classification genotyping phylogrouping, evaluation. 42 76.20% ESBL producers ( n = 35) carried b l CTX−M , while TEM was found 69.04% isolates. All isolates were MDR, no significant differences type rate observed IP‐ OP‐isolates. OP‐isolates demonstrated greater virulence, exhibiting higher motility biofilm production, compared IP‐isolates. Moreover, pathogenic Phylogroup B2 prevalent among OP‐isolates, IP‐isolates belonged predominantly A. data suggest uniform spreading antibiotic‐resistant genes within hospitals communities. However, hospital environment selects less virulent with level resistance; differently, communities host more strains. highlights urgent need implement surveillance adopt One Health approach monitor antimicrobial (AMR) country.

Language: Английский

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Ecological and public health dimensions of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in bats: A One Health perspective

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1199 - 1213

Published: May 1, 2025

Background and Aim: The emergence global dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli represent a major public health concern. While antibiotic resistance in clinical agricultural settings is well documented, the contribution wildlife, particularly bats, to spread antimicrobial (AMR) remains underexplored. Bats possess unique ecological traits – such as long-distance flight, longevity, adaptability that facilitate their role potential reservoirs vectors antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This review synthesizes findings on occurrence, genetic characteristics, transmission dynamics ESBL-producing E. isolated from bats. Through comprehensive literature studies conducted across five continents, we highlight prevalence multidrug-resistant bat populations, with profiles frequently including β-lactams (bla), aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones. Notably, key ESBL genes blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA have been identified isolates feces (guano), raising significant concern due environmental contamination zoonotic spillover. Risk factors habitat encroachment, anthropogenic waste exposure, use guano further exacerbate risk transmission. Moreover, genomic comparisons suggest phylogenetic overlap between bats those found humans livestock. Given these findings, warrant greater inclusion One Health surveillance frameworks trace AMR gene flow develop targeted interventions. underscores need for integrated monitoring enhanced management policies, stricter biosecurity mitigate risks associated wildlife-origin dissemination. Keywords: resistance, coli, β-lactamase, guano, Health, surveillance, zoonosis.

Language: Английский

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Infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae in Children Undergoing Anticancer Therapy or Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Multicenter Nationwide Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14), P. 4078 - 4078

Published: July 12, 2024

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a nosocomial pathogen that causes severe infections in immunocompromised patients. The aim of the study was to conduct microbiological and clinical analysis K. children with malignancies or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation Poland. Methods: We conducted retrospective, multicenter including adolescents under 19 years old treated between 2012 2021. analyzed patients’ characteristics, data, outcomes antibiotic therapy. Results: A total 9121 newly diagnosed were for malignancy 1697 pediatric patients underwent transplantation. 527 Their overall incidence 4.86% hematology oncology 4.95% who infection higher acute leukemia than solid tumors (7.8% vs. 4.1%; OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.6–2.4; p < 0.0001). most frequent source urinary tract at 55.2%. More 57% strains extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive almost 34% multidrug-resistant. Infections contributed death 3.22% Conclusions: one critical pathogens suffering from multidrug-resistant increasing contributing poor outcome.

Language: Английский

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Etiology, risk factors and outcomes of bacteremia in patients with hematologic malignancies and febrile neutropenia in Uganda

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(12)

Published: Nov. 16, 2024

We determined the etiology, risk factors, and outcomes associated with bacteremia in patients hematologic malignancies febrile neutropenia (FN) at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).

Language: Английский

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Surveillance of Antimicrobial resistance among organism causing Bacteremia in patients admitted in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 31, 2024

Blood stream infections are the major cause of fevers undetermined origin in Africa. The continuing emergence pathogenic microorganisms that resistant to first-line antimicrobials is a increasing Anti-Microbial Resistance concern. This study aimed at understanding surveillance antimicrobial resistance order serve as quality assurance tool determine common pathogens causing bacteremia, trends which will guide drug-policy decisions and facilitate rational use drugs prevent further resistance. analyzed results blood cultures were routinely taken from patients different age groups with fever or suspicion sepsis among admitted wards Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital transported University Science Technology, microbiology laboratory between 2015 2022. Bacterial isolates clinical significance specimens received during period recorded WHONET (surveillance software) exported STATA for analysis. Bloodstream confirmed 259 cases over seven-year period. Gram positive accounted 160 (61.7%) while gram negative 99 (38.2%) cases. Staphylococcus aureus was most isolated pathogen accounting 57.1% (n=148) infections. Both bacteria demonstrated towards Ceftriaxone Ampicillin. Using advanced information technology susceptibility patterns culture be useful directing empiric antibiotic therapy severe Uganda because data being collected rapidly.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the Resistance of Klebsiella Bacteria to Antibiotics and the Synthesis of Virulence Factors Isolated from Various Pathogenic Infections

Journal La Lifesci, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 295 - 310

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

In this study,75 clinical samples, including 32 samples of wounds, fifteen burn 17 sputum and eleven urine were collected from patients afflicted with different infections some hospitals in Baghdad city, during the period October to March 2023. It was found that 22 isolates Klebsiella pneumonia after culturing on MacConkey agar, blood Eosin methylene blue medium, addition studying morphologic appearance, biochemical tests, confirmation diagnosis using VITEKA2 system. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed all (100%) multi-drug resistance 7 antibiotics Cefotaxime, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, Rifampicin, while most sensitive Azithromycin. investigation certain virulence factors bacteria revealed encased a capsule incapable producing hemolysin enzyme, but they able produce urease enzyme form biofilm. produced bacteriocin at rate 12%.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and clinical significance of the genotypic carriage among ESBL phenotype-negative Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in bacteremia: a study in a Malaysian tertiary center

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can lead to fatal consequences. AMR genes carriage by phenotypically susceptible bacteria, such as Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL)s in

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with mortality and evaluation of clinical risk scores among cancer patients admitted with post-chemotherapy infection in Uganda: a prospective cohort study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(11)

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Little is known about outcomes from cancer chemotherapy--associated infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Accordingly, among patients with admitted postchemotherapy infection Mbarara, Uganda, we aimed to determine (1) the 30-day case fatality rate, (2) factors associated mortality and (3) clinical risk score performance.

Language: Английский

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