Research progress of femoral head necrosis in HIV-infected patients

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

As life expectancy among patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases, a growing number of complications have been observed. This population displays an elevated risk ischemic necrosis femoral head in comparison to general population, which may be attributed HIV infection, antiretroviral medication use, and hormone application. Patients who also tend present at earlier age, rapid disease progression high incidence bilateral onset. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitates early diagnosis condition, recommended treatment is total hip arthroplasty. Currently, most prevalent modality can effectively prevent occupational exposure when surgery performed accordance infection control guidelines. Furthermore, surgical procedure more time-consuming than that on without HIV. The postoperative quality markedly enhanced, there are no reports complications. precise mechanism underlying HIV-infected remains unclear. Potential contributing factors identified, including systemic immune response, inflammatory local microenvironmental changes head, unique anatomical structure others. A profound comprehension disease's pathogenesis facilitate implementation prevention strategies, as well development alternative conservative therapeutic options. represents promising avenue for future research. article reviews epidemiological study osteonecrosis possible mechanisms during treatment, efficacy. aim provide insights inform diagnosis, prevention, this condition.

Language: Английский

Assessing HIV-1 subtype C infection dynamics, therapeutic responses and reservoir distribution using a humanized mouse model

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 16, 2025

While HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) is the most prevalent and widely distributed in HIV pandemic, nearly all current prevention therapeutic strategies are based on work with B (HIV-1B). HIV-1C displays distinct genetic pathogenic features from that of HIV-1B. Thus, treatment approaches developed for HIV-1B need to be suitably optimized HIV-1C. A suitable animal model will help delineate comparative aspects infections. Here, we used a humanized mouse evaluate infection, disease progression, response anti-retroviral therapy (ART) viral rebound following interruption. limited study prototypical virus was also performed. Viral immune cell dynamics, acquisition resistance anatomical reservoir distribution extended interrupted were compared. In comparison, lower early plasma viremia observed HIV-1C, but similar rate CD4+ T depletion as suppression by ART delayed infected group evidence, one case, acquired class wide integrase inhibitors, critical component global regimens. Also, animals displayed faster interruption (ATI). Disparate patterns tissue proviral DNA ATI suggestive sources rebound. this preliminary study, discernible differences noted between implications prevention, therapeutics curative strategies. Results here highlight utility hu-HSC future expanded studies context.

Language: Английский

Detection of HIV-1 DNA/RNA in Peripheral Blood, Bone Marrow and Femoral Head of Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head [Letter]

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 683 - 684

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский