The Role of Inhaled Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in Lung Cancer Therapy

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 969 - 969

Published: July 23, 2024

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to limited efficacy anticancer drugs, which primarily attributed insufficient doses reaching lungs. Additionally, patients undergoing treatment experience severe systemic adverse effects distribution drugs non-targeted sites. In light these challenges, there has been a growing interest in pulmonary administration for lung cancer. This route allows be delivered directly lungs, resulting high local concentrations that can enhance antitumor while mitigating toxic effects. However, poses challenge overcoming mechanical, chemical, and immunological defenses respiratory tract prevent inhaled drug from properly penetrating To overcome drawbacks, use nanoparticles inhaler formulations may promising strategy. Nanoparticles assist minimizing clearance, increasing penetration into epithelium, enhancing cellular uptake. They also facilitate increased stability, promote controlled release, delivery target sites, such as tumor environment. Among them, chitosan-based demonstrate advantages over other polymeric nanocarriers their unique biological properties, including activity mucoadhesive capacity. These properties have potential when administered via route. view above, this paper provides an overview research conducted on drug-loaded incorporated devices Furthermore, article addresses emerging technologies, siRNA (small interfering RNA), context therapy. Particularly, recent studies employing are described.

Language: Английский

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Research advances in polyphenols from Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Beyond the pill: incrimination of nuclear factor-kappa B and their targeted phytomedicine for pulmonary fibrosis

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Targeted Drug Delivery System for Pulmonary Fibrosis: Design and Development of Biomaterials

BIO Integration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition and tissue scarring, leading to impaired function respiratory failure. Although current treatments, such as pirfenidone nintedanib, slow progression, they fail completely halt or reverse fibrosis. Therefore, innovative therapeutic strategies are needed. Targeted drug delivery systems (TDDSs) emerging promising solutions. Biomaterials play critical roles in these enhancing specificity, availability, efficacy, while minimizing systemic toxicity. The most notable biomaterials include nanotechnology-based systems, including liposomes polymeric nanoparticles, which facilitate penetration release fibrotic tissues. Hydrogels have three-dimensional structures providing controlled sustained at inflammation sites, therefore particularly valuable PF treatment. Furthermore, biological carriers stem cells vesicles biocompatibility anti-inflammatory effects that improve outcomes. Despite the potential of clinical translation hindered several challenges, immune clearance, stability platforms, optimization retention within diseased Interdisciplinary approaches integrating precision medicine with advancements may provide solutions opening new avenues for This review discusses developments targeted PF, emphasizing importance biomaterials, mechanisms barriers involved pulmonary delivery, future perspectives overcoming limitations. ultimate goal patient outcomes revolutionizing approach treatment through advanced technologies.

Language: Английский

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An Inhaled Nanoemulsion Encapsulating a Herbal Drug for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treatment

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 540 - 540

Published: April 22, 2025

Background: Celastrol (Cela), a phytochemical extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, has been extensively investigated for its potential anti-inflammatory, anti-psoriatic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and antineoplastic properties. However, clinical translation is limited due to poor bioavailability, low solubility, nonspecific toxicity. This study aimed develop evaluate an inhalable Cela-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) formulation enhance targeted drug delivery therapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The NE was optimized using Capmul MCM (25%), Tween 80 (20%), Transcutol HP (5%), water (50%) as the oil, surfactant, co-surfactant, aqueous phase, respectively. Physicochemical characterization included globule size, zeta potential, release simulated fluid. In vitro aerosolization performance, cytotoxicity NSCLC lines (A549), scratch clonogenic assays, 3D tumor spheroid models were employed assess potential. Results: showed size of 201.4 ± 3.7 nm −15.7 0.2 mV. Drug sustained, with 20.4 5.5%, 29.1 10%, 64.6 4.1%, 88.1 5.2% released at 24, 48, 72, 120 h, studies indicated median aerodynamic particle 4.8 μm, confirming respirability lung. Cell culture higher toxicity NE-Cela cells. significantly reduced A549 viability, showing ~6-fold decrease IC50 (0.2 0.1 μM) compared Cela alone (1.2 μM). Migration assays demonstrated proliferation, supported activity tumor-like environments. Conclusions: improved Cela’s physicochemical limitations enhanced anti-cancer models. These findings support targeted, well-tolerated option treatment.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Deformable Nanovesicles for Insulin Nebulization Inhalation

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 879 - 879

Published: June 29, 2024

Nebulized inhalation offers a noninvasive method for delivering drugs to treat both local respiratory and systemic diseases. In this study, insulin was used as model drug design series of deformable nanovesicles (DNVs) with key quality attributes, including particle size, deformability, load capacity. We investigated the effects these properties on aerosol generation, macrophage phagocytosis, bloodstream penetration. The results showed that deformability improved nebulization performance reduced benefiting delivery. However, advantage DNVs transmembrane penetration not evident in alveolar epithelium. Within size range 80–490 nm, smaller IPC-DNVs, easier it is evade clearance by macrophages more effective vivo hypoglycemic efficacy will be. 3–5 mg/mL, lower resulted better efficacy. area above blood glucose decline curve time (AAC) nebulized 2.32 times higher than solution, demonstrating feasibility advantages pulmonary delivery biomacromolecule drugs. This study provides insights into construction formulation optimization carriers.

Language: Английский

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