Knockdown of IER3 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 947 - 947

Published: April 12, 2025

Background: The differentiation process of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is regulated by a variety chemical, physical, and biological factors. These factors activate distinct signaling pathways transcriptional networks, thereby regulating the lineage-specific hMSCs. Objective: This study aims to investigate role Immediate Early Response 3 (IER3) in osteogenic explore underlying regulatory mechanisms which IER3 influences osteogenesis. Methods: expression levels osteogenesis-related genes were quantified when hMSCs subjected vitro induction. Then, stable IER3–knockdown generated using IER3–targeted shRNA lentiviral vectors, impact on was evaluated through both cell induction subcutaneous implantation model nude mice. Moreover, RNA–seq functional inhibition assays performed elucidate pathway regulates Results: significantly downregulated during differentiation. Knockdown markedly upregulated ALP RUNX2, enhancing capacity hMSCs, vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that knockdown increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels, activating MAPK/ERK pathway. Furthermore, reversed enhanced observed following knockdown. Conclusions: promotes regulation pathway, indicating represents potential therapeutic target for treatment osteoporosis bone defect-related diseases.

Language: Английский

Exosomes Extracted from Human Umbilical Cord MSCs Contribute to Osteoarthritic Cartilage and Chondrocytes Repair Through Enhancing Autophagy While Suppressing the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Language: Английский

Therapeutic Potential of Exosomal miRNAs: New Insights and Future Directions

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(5)

Published: April 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Modern advancements in medicine include developing targeted drug delivery systems the medical field, which are designed to unravel potential of therapeutic products and overcome barriers effectiveness current approaches. Various nanopolymer carrier have been introduced this regard, simple characteristics extracellular vesicles drawn special attention their application as an effective tool. Exosomes very similar transport a lipid‐biomembrane covering aqueous core. They also contain both hydrophilic lipophilic substances deliver cargo desired targets. These properties enable exosomes some limitations liposomes. can easily diffuse into body fluids remain bloodstream for long time, crossing physiological entering cells. Exosomes, large volume biomolecules, do not stimulate immune responses accumulate liver or lungs instead target tissues. Recent regenerative enabled scientists utilize extracted from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), possess significant abilities, treating various diseases. The contents these crucial diagnosis treatment, they influence disease progression. Numerous vitro studies confirmed safety, effectiveness, promise conditions such cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular issues, orthopedic ailments. This article explores MSC‐derived outlines essential procedures preparation.

Language: Английский