What Obstetrician–Gynecologists Should Know About Substance Use Disorders in the Perinatal Period

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Substance use in pregnancy is common; nearly one of five pregnant individuals have past-month nicotine, alcohol, or illicit substance use, and more than 10 meet criteria for a disorder (SUD). disorders are among the most stigmatized poorly understood medical conditions, particularly perinatal period. The obstetrician-gynecologist (ob-gyn) critical member health care social support team postpartum with SUD. Yet, many do not feel knowledgeable screening treating SUD, hampering efforts to identify treat this population. In review, we focus on practices that ob-gyns can incorporate into daily care. We start unique vulnerabilities period discuss overdose as leading cause maternal death United States. then review basic tenets addiction medicine including person-centered language current terminology well best screening. provide maternal, fetal, child effects common substances tobacco, cannabis, opioids, stimulants, benzodiazepines their respective treatment recommendations, so management practice.

Language: Английский

---

Pregnant People's Perspectives On Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Integrative Mixed‐Methods Research Synthesis

Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67(3), P. 354 - 372

Published: April 20, 2022

Introduction Rates of perinatal cannabis use are rising, despite clinical evidence about the potential for harm. Accordingly, pregnant and lactating people who perceive a benefit from may have difficult time making informed decisions use. Methods We conducted systematic review mixed‐methods research to synthesize existing knowledge on perspectives their partners in pregnancy. Six health social science databases were searched up until May 30, 2021. There no methodological, time, or geographic limits applied. employed convergent integrative approach inductive analysis findings all studies. Results identified 26 studies describing views 17,781 postpartum No identified, only one study specifically addressed people. Comparative revealed that whether was studied alone grouped with other substances resulted significant diversity descriptions participant decision‐making priorities perceptions risks benefits. Studies demonstrated complex process whereby perceived benefits balanced against available information risk, which is often unclear uncertain. Clear helpful identify, care providers not described as trusted resource decision‐making. Discussion Decision‐making this use, although decisional difficulty seldom reflected examine multiple Our suggests several approaches clinicians take encourage open supportive conversations facilitate during period.

Language: Английский

---

Marijuana Use and Breastfeeding: A Survey of Newborn Nurseries

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Marijuana use has increased nationally and is the most common federally illicit substance used during pregnancy. This study aimed to describe hospital practices nursery director knowledge attitudes regarding marijuana breastfeeding assess association between restrictions provider knowledge, geographic region, state legalization status. We hypothesized that there would be associations geography and/or with perinatal use. METHODS A cross-sectional, 31-question survey was sent electronically 110 US members of Academic Pediatric Association’s Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns (BORN) network. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics report frequencies. For comparisons, χ2 Fisher exact tests determine statistical significance. RESULTS Sixty-nine (63%) BORN directors across 38 states completed survey. mothers a positive cannabinoid screen at delivery, 16% hospitals universally or selectively restrict breastfeeding. Most (96%) reported while “somewhat” (70%) “very harmful” (26%). The majority aware potential negative impact prenatal on learning behavior. There no consistent CONCLUSIONS newborn clinicians highly variable unpredictable support Further studies are needed establish evidence-based promote consistent, equitable care newborns exposure.

Language: Английский

---

<p>Perceived Risk of Weekly Cannabis Use, Past 30-Day Cannabis Use, and Frequency of Cannabis Use Among Pregnant Women in the United States</p>

International Journal of Women s Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: Volume 12, P. 1075 - 1088

Published: Nov. 1, 2020

Background: While accumulated evidence has shown that the prevalence of cannabis use among pregnant women in US increased recent years, little is known about specific subpopulations affected. The aim this study was to estimate and correlates perceived risk weekly use, past 30-day frequency women. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,247 14 44 years age surveyed 2015 2017 cross-sectional National Survey on Drug Use Health. Analyses account for sampling design. Primary outcomes included use. conducted multivariable logistic negative binomial regression models assess associations between primary multiple correlates. Results: Among women, 21.6% (95% CI=19.4, 23.8) did not perceive any associated with 5.3% CI=4.2, 6.5) used 30 days, past-month users, average number days 15.6 CI=13.5, 17.7). Pregnant living below poverty line were both more likely no (aOR=1.8; 95% CI=1.3, 2.5) often (aOR=2.9; CI=1.5, 5.7) than within an income bracket two times federal threshold. Age, race, trimester pregnancy, co-use tobacco and/or alcohol also these outcomes. Conclusion: Younger age, poverty, early odds As legalization spreads increasingly as safe, there a growing need research determine reasons why identified at-risk subgroups are using during pregnancy. Keywords: marijuana, cannabis, risk, prenatal exposure

Language: Английский

---

Dos(e)Age: Role of Dose and Age in the Long-Term Effect of Cannabinoids on Cognition

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 1411 - 1411

Published: Feb. 19, 2022

Cannabis is still the most widely used illicit drug around world. While its use has always been prevalent among adolescents, recent evidence suggests that consumption also increasing other population groups, such as pregnant women and aged people. Given known impact of cannabis on brain development behavior, it important to dissect possible long-term across different age especially measures cognitive performance. Animal models cannabinoid exposure have represented a fundamental tool characterize long-lasting consequences cannabinoids performance helped identify factors could modulate effects in long term, doses administered. This scoping review was systematically conducted using PubMed includes papers published from 2015 December 2021 examined cannabinoids, either natural or synthetic, animal where occurred prenatal period, during adolescence, older animals. Overall, available data clearly point crucial role determining effect cognition, highlighting detrimental (prenatal adolescent exposure) beneficial outcomes old age. In contrast, despite advances field, appears difficult establish dosage when period taken into account.

Language: Английский

---

Prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with alterations in offspring DNA methylation at genes involved in neurodevelopment, across the life course

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

---

The Effects of THC and Nicotine on Attention: A Narrative Review

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Prenatal Adversity and Neonatal Brain Connectivity Relate to Emerging Executive Function at Age 2 Years

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Prenatal alcohol and tetrahydrocannabinol exposure: Effects on spatial and working memory

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: June 13, 2023

Alcohol and cannabis are widely used recreational drugs that can negatively impact fetal development, leading to cognitive impairments. However, these may be simultaneously the effects of combined exposure during prenatal period not well understood. Thus, this study an animal model investigate ethanol (EtOH), Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or combination on spatial working memory.Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed vaporized (EtOH; 68 ml/h), THC (100 mg/ml), combination, vehicle control gestational days 5-20. Adolescent male female offspring evaluated using Morris water maze task assess memory.Prenatal impaired learning memory in offspring, whereas EtOH memory. The did exacerbate either THC, although subjects less thigmotaxic, which might represent increase risk-taking behavior.Our results highlight differential emotional with substance- sex-specific patterns. These findings potential harm development support public health policies aimed at reducing alcohol use pregnancy.

Language: Английский

---

Perceptions of Cannabis Use and Its Benefits and Risks Among Breastfeeding Mothers

Women s Health Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 412 - 423

Published: April 1, 2024

Background: Approximately 5% of breastfeeding women report using cannabis. Little is understood about perceived benefits and risks cannabis use; thus, this study aimed to fill gap.

Language: Английский

---