Current molecular understanding of central nervous system schwannomas DOI Creative Commons

Takahiro Tsuchiya,

Satoru Miyawaki, Yu Teranishi

et al.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Schwannomas are tumors that originate from myelinating Schwann cells and can occur in cranial, spinal, peripheral nerves. Although our understanding of the molecular biology underlying schwannomas remains incomplete, numerous studies have identified various findings biomarkers associated with central nervous system (CNS). The development these is primarily linked to mutations NF2 gene. Merlin, protein encoded by NF2, integral several signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTORC1, Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo pathway. Recent research has also uncovered novel genetic alterations, such as SH3PXD2A::HTRA1 fusion gene, VGLL-fusions intraparenchymal CNS schwannomas, SOX10 mutation particularly non-vestibular cranial nerve schwannomas. In addition being conducted on gene expression epigenetic regulation, a focus methylation post-transcriptional silencing micro RNA. Furthermore, advent advanced techniques like single-cell sequencing multi-omics analysis facilitated rapid discoveries related tumor microenvironment heterogeneity A deeper exploration could clarify mechanisms schwannoma tumorigenesis progression, ultimately guiding new therapeutic targets. This review offers comprehensive overview current emphasizing insights gained previous research, while addressing existing controversies outlining future treatment perspectives.

Language: Английский

Current molecular understanding of central nervous system schwannomas DOI Creative Commons

Takahiro Tsuchiya,

Satoru Miyawaki, Yu Teranishi

et al.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Schwannomas are tumors that originate from myelinating Schwann cells and can occur in cranial, spinal, peripheral nerves. Although our understanding of the molecular biology underlying schwannomas remains incomplete, numerous studies have identified various findings biomarkers associated with central nervous system (CNS). The development these is primarily linked to mutations NF2 gene. Merlin, protein encoded by NF2, integral several signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTORC1, Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo pathway. Recent research has also uncovered novel genetic alterations, such as SH3PXD2A::HTRA1 fusion gene, VGLL-fusions intraparenchymal CNS schwannomas, SOX10 mutation particularly non-vestibular cranial nerve schwannomas. In addition being conducted on gene expression epigenetic regulation, a focus methylation post-transcriptional silencing micro RNA. Furthermore, advent advanced techniques like single-cell sequencing multi-omics analysis facilitated rapid discoveries related tumor microenvironment heterogeneity A deeper exploration could clarify mechanisms schwannoma tumorigenesis progression, ultimately guiding new therapeutic targets. This review offers comprehensive overview current emphasizing insights gained previous research, while addressing existing controversies outlining future treatment perspectives.

Language: Английский

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