Photobiomodulation for Major Depressive Disorder: Linking Transcranial Infrared Light, Biophotons and Oxidative Stress

Harvard Review of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 124 - 141

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract Incompletely treated major depressive disorder (MDD) poses an enormous global health burden. Conventional treatment for MDD consists of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, though a significant number patients do not achieve remission with such treatments. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) is promising novel therapy that uses extracranial light, especially in the near-infrared (NIR) red spectra, biological therapeutic effects. The aims this Review are to evaluate current clinical preclinical literature on t-PBM discuss candidate mechanisms effects MDD, specific attention biophotons oxidative stress. A search PubMed ClinicalTrials.gov identified studies using as primary focus. After systematic screening, only 19 containing original data were included review (9 10 trials). Study results demonstrate consensus safe potentially effective treatment; however, varying parameters among complicate definitive conclusions about efficacy. Among other action, stimulates complex IV mitochondrial respiratory chain induces increase cellular energy metabolism. We suggest future trials include measures better understand action optimize efficiency. Of particular interest going forward will be studying potential t-PBM—an external light source NIR spectra—on neural circuitry implicated depression.

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness of Transcranial Photobiomodulation therapy (tPBM) on reducing anxiety, depression, and opioid craving in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

The effects of tPBMT are from influencing compounds by triggering specific reactions, which stimulate Adenosine triphosphate biosynthesis and neurogenesis. According to these effects, has been applied as a potential treatment for various neural-related diseases. purpose this study was evaluate the impact on reducing anxiety, depression, opioid craving in patients undergoing MMT. This randomized controlled clinical trial included two groups substance-dependent They were randomly assigned receive or sham tPBMT. intervention group received PBM form Light- Emitting Diodes (LEDs) four minutes light exposure at 810 nm wavelength producing 250 mW/cm2 when 4 mm skin depth (totaling 60 J/cm2) both forehead locations. levels compared between before after intervention, well one-month three-month follow-up assessments. Both consisted 32 (91.4%) males 3 (8.6%) females, with mean age being 37.97 ± 10.58 years, 39.66 9.94 years control (P = 0.495). There no significant differences terms scale scores (p>0.05). However, had statistically reductions their group. (p<0.05). led improvements among individuals MMT, sustained one month three months treatment, indicating long-lasting positive effect. Trial registration: IRCT code: IRCT20210502051162N1, Approval ID: IR.SBMU.MSP.REC.1400.111, registered 01.06.2021.

Language: Английский

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Biomechanical Insights into the Proteomic Profiling of Cells in Response to Red Light Absorption

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(9)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising non‐invasive therapy for tissue repair, but its underlying cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, the biomechanical and proteomic responses of three cell types – keratinocytes (HACAT), fibroblasts (L929), osteoblasts (OFCOLII) exposed to red light (633 nm) investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) mass spectrometry‐based analysis. Red absorption resulted in cell‐type‐specific changes viscoelastic properties, with exhibiting increased fluidity, reduced stiffness, enhanced motility. Conversely, exhibited intensity‐dependent responses, while appeared be relatively insensitive irradiation conditions. Proteomic profiling identified key signaling pathways involved immune response, ATP production, stress regulation. The strongly linked modulation particularly fibroblasts, weaker correlations were observed keratinocytes. Cytoskeletal remodeling, primarily within F‐actin network, as main driver mechanical alterations, additional contributions from microtubules intermediate filaments. These findings provide new insights into how modulates viscoelasticity through cytoskeletal potential applications optimizing light‐based therapies regeneration disease treatment.

Language: Английский

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Innovative approaches in the treatment-resistant depression: exploring different therapeutic pathways

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sensory stimulation via the visual, auditory, olfactory and gustatory systems can modulate mood and depression

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 244 - 263

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Abstract Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, predicted to be leading cause disease burden by next decade. There great deal emphasis on central origin and potential therapeutics depression whereby symptomatology has been interpreted treated as brain generated dysfunctions filtering down periphery. This top‐down approach found strong support from clinical work basic neuroscientific research. Nevertheless, despite advances in our knowledge aetiology depression, success treatment still no means assured. As a consequence, wide net cast both clinicians researchers search more efficient therapies for mood disorders. complementary view, present integrative review advocates approaching opposite perspective: bottom‐up view that starts Specifically, evidence provided show sensory stimulation via visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory systems can modulate depression. The shows how—depending several parameters—unisensory these modalities ameliorate or aggravate depressive symptoms. Moreover, emphasises bidirectional relationship between Just peripheral turn affects—and cases impairs—sensory reception. Furthermore, suggests combined use multisensory may have synergistic ameliorative effects symptoms over above what so far documented unisensory stimulation.

Language: Английский

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Transcranial Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Retrospective Study

Children, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 755 - 755

Published: May 20, 2022

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face several challenges due to deficits in social function and communication along restricted patterns of behaviors. Often, they also have difficult-to-manage disruptive At the moment, there are no pharmacological treatments for ASD core features. Recently, has been a growing interest non-pharmacological interventions ASD, such as neuromodulation. In this retrospective study, data reported analyzed from 21 patients (13 males, 8 females) an average age 9.1 (range 5−15), who received six months transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) at home using two protocols (alpha gamma), which, respectively, modulates alpha gamma bands. They were evaluated baseline, after three treatment Childhood Rating Scale (CARS), Home Situation Questionnaire-ASD (HSQ-ASD), Parenting Stress Index (APSI), Montefiore Einstein Rigidity Scale−Revised (MERS−R), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) SDAG, evaluate attention. Findings show that tPBM was associated reduction severity, shown by decrease CARS scores during intervention (p < 0.001). A relevant noncompliant behavior parental stress found. Moreover, behavioral cognitive rigidity well improvement attentional functions sleep quality. Limitations discussed future directions research.

Language: Английский

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A novel transcranial photobiomodulation device to address motor signs of Parkinson's disease: a parallel randomised feasibility study

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 102338 - 102338

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological with limited treatment options. Animal models and proof-of-concept case series have suggested that photobiomodulation may be an effective adjunct for the symptoms of disease. The aim was to determine safety feasibility transcranial (tPBM) reduce motor signs disease.In this double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial, patients (aged 59-85 years) idiopathic were treated tPBM helmet 12 weeks (72 treatments either active or sham therapy; stage 1). Treatment delivered in participants' homes, monitored by internet video conferencing (Zoom). Stage 1 followed no those on therapy (active-to-no-treatment group), (sham-to-active participants who chose continue (stage 2). device red infrared light head 24 min, 6 days per week. primary endpoints signs, as assessed modified Movement Disorders Society revision Unified Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III)-motor scale. This trial registered ANZCTR, ACTRN 12621001722886.Between Dec 6, 2021, Aug 12, 2022, 20 randomly allocated each two groups (10 females plus 10 males group). All group 18 completed treatment. 14 full well tolerated feasible deliver, only minor, temporary adverse events. Of nine suspected events identified, minor reactions been attributable sham-to-active during trial. One participant experienced leg weakness. A second reported decreased fine function right hand. Both continued mean MDS-UPDRS-III scores at baseline, after treatment, 26.8 (sd 14.6), 20.4 12.8), 12.2 8.9), respectively, active-to-no-treatment these values 21.3 9.4), 16.5 15.3 10.8), respectively. There significant difference between any assessment point. baseline 5.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) -2.4 13.4), 3.9 CI -3.5 11.3 2 -3.1 2.7 -10.6).Our findings add evidence base suggest safe, tolerable, non-pharmaceutical While future work needed our results lay foundations adequately powered randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial.SYMBYX Pty Ltd.

Language: Английский

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Photobiomodulation prevents PTSD-like memory impairments in rats

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 6666 - 6679

Published: April 15, 2021

A precise fear memory encoding a traumatic event enables an individual to avoid danger and identify safety. An impaired (contextual amnesia), however, puts the at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due inability safe context when encountering trauma-associated cues later in life. Although it is gaining attention that contextual amnesia critical etiologic factor for PTSD, there no treatment currently available can reverse amnesia, whether such prevent development PTSD unknown. Here, we report (I) single dose transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) applied immediately after tone conditioning amnesia. PBM preserved appropriately high level rats revisiting "dangerous" context, while control displayed impairment. (II) recall reduce during both cued testing. (III) In model complex with repeated trauma, given early interventions efficiently discriminated safety from testing and, importantly, these did not develop PTSD-like symptoms comorbidities. (IV) Finally, extinction was facilitated intervention window consolidation. Our results demonstrate or its protect psychopathological rats.

Language: Английский

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The history of light therapy in hospital physiotherapy and medicine with emphasis on Australia: Evolution into novel areas of practice

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 389 - 400

Published: March 4, 2021

Objective: The objective of this narrative review was to investigate the history light therapy in hospital settings, with reference physiotherapy and particularly an Australian context.Types articles search method:a available literature conducted on PubMed, Medline Google Scholar using keywords therapy, photobiomodulation, physiotherapy, low-level laser, heliotherapy. Physiotherapy textbooks from Sydney University Library were searched. Historical records accessed San Hospital library. Interviews Chief Librarian a retired former Head Physiotherapist Royal Prince Alfred Hospital.Summary: Historically, treatment has been used both medical practice. From its roots ancient Egypt, India, Greece, through medieval times, modern renaissance 'light as ' begun by Florence Nightingale who, 1850s, advocated use clean air abundance sunlight restore health. Modern (phototherapy) had marked uptake medicine Scandinavia, America, Australia 1903, following pioneering work Niels Finsen late 19th century, which culminated Dr receiving Nobel Prize for Medicine tuberculosis scarring ultraviolet (UV) light, smallpox red light. Treatment especially UVB widely applied physiotherapists hospitals dermatological conditions since 1950s, Australia, USA, England Canada. In parallel, hyperbilirubinemia neonatal jaundice. Since 1980s also specialties ophthalmology, dermatology, cardiology. more recent years mostly adjunct management orthopedic/rheumatological conditions. 1990s, there global form photobiomodulation lymphedema, including supportive cancer care. Photobiomodulation laser pain doctors 1990s chronic pain. is exemplified Sydney, where introduced 1903 (after Dr. John Harvey Kellogg visited Denmark) practiced nurses, until present day. expanded into new exciting practices care, depression, oral mucositis, retinopathy prematurity, cardiac surgery complications. Light being neurological diseases, such Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis. innovative uses would not be possible without previous experience successful application treatment.Conclusion: long tradition physiotherapy. Although it fallen somewhat out favour over past decades, renewed interest techniques times. There continuous most almost 120 years.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Near-Infrared Light on Well-Being and Health in Human Subjects with Mild Sleep-Related Complaints: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 60 - 60

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

Modern urban human activities are largely restricted to the indoors, deprived of direct sunlight containing visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths at high irradiance levels. Therapeutic exposure doses red NIR, known as photobiomodulation (PBM), has been effective for a broad range conditions. In double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we aimed assess effects PBM home set-up on various aspects well-being, health, sleep, circadian rhythms in healthy subjects with mild sleep complaints. The three NIR light (850 nm) (1, 4, or 6.5 J·cm-2) were examined against placebo. Exposure was presented five days per week between 9:30 am 12:30 pm four consecutive weeks. study conducted both summer winter include seasonal variation. results showed treatment only J·cm-2 have consistent positive benefits well-being specifically improving mood, reducing drowsiness, IFN-γ, resting heart rate. This observed winter. No significant noted. provides further evidence that adequate especially during low conditions, such winter, can be beneficial health wellness.

Language: Английский

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