The Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Microbial Biostimulant, Sustainable Approaches in Modern Agriculture

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(17), P. 3101 - 3101

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Biostimulant application can be considered an effective, practical, and sustainable nutritional crop supplementation may lessen the environmental problems related to excessive fertilization. Biostimulants provide beneficial properties plants by increasing plant metabolism, which promotes yield improves quality of crops; protecting against stresses such as water shortage, soil salinization, exposure sub-optimal growth temperatures; promoting via higher nutrient uptake. Other important benefits include enzymatic microbial activities, changing architecture roots, solubility mobility micronutrients, enhancing fertility soil, predominantly nurturing development complementary microbes. are classified microbial, arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), non-pathogenic fungi, protozoa, nematodes, or non-microbial, seaweed extract, phosphite, humic acid, other inorganic salts, chitin chitosan derivatives, protein hydrolysates free amino acids, complex organic materials. Arbuscular mycorrhizal among most prominent biostimulants have role in cultivating better, healthier, more functional foods agriculture. AMF assist acquisition; enhance stress tolerance salinity, drought, heavy metals; reduce erosion. proven a environmentally friendly source supplements. The current manuscript gives many examples potential for production different crops. However, further studies needed better understand effectiveness review focuses on how overcome limitations typical systems improving availability, uptake, assimilation, consequently reducing gap between conventional yields. aim this literature is survey impacts presenting case successful paradigms crops well introducing main mechanisms action biostimulant products.

Language: Английский

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Amino Acids Biostimulants and Protein Hydrolysates in Agricultural Sciences

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 210 - 210

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The effects of different types biostimulants on crops include improving the visual quality final products, stimulating immune systems plants, inducing biosynthesis plant defensive biomolecules, removing heavy metals from contaminated soil, crop performance, reducing leaching, root development and seed germination, tolerance to abiotic biotic stressors, promoting establishment increasing nutrient-use efficiency. Protein hydrolysates are mixtures polypeptides free amino acids resulting enzymatic chemical hydrolysis agro-industrial protein by-products obtained animal or origins, they able alleviate environmental stress effects, improve growth, promote productivity. Amino involve various advantages such as increased yield components, nutrient assimilation tolerance, improved components characteristics. They generally achieved through hydrolysis, with significant capabilities influence synthesis activity some enzymes, gene expression, redox-homeostasis. Increased yield, quality; regulated oxidation-reduction process, photosynthesis, physiological activities; decreased negative toxic components; anti-fungal activities plants just more important benefits application phenols phenolic biostimulants. aim this manuscript is survey impacts acids, hydrolysates, phenols, by presenting case studies successful paradigms in several horticultural agricultural crops.

Language: Английский

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A Study of the Different Strains of the Genus Azospirillum spp. on Increasing Productivity and Stress Resilience in Plants

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 267 - 267

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

One of the most important and essential components sustainable agricultural production is biostimulants, which are emerging as a notable alternative chemical-based products to mitigate soil contamination environmental hazards. The modes action bacterial plant biostimulants on different plants increasing disease resistance; activation genes; chelating agents organic acids; boosting quality through metabolome modulation; affecting biosynthesis phytochemicals; coordinating activity antioxidants antioxidant enzymes; synthesis accumulation anthocyanins, vitamin C, polyphenols; enhancing abiotic stress cytokinin abscisic acid (ABA) production; upregulation stress-related exopolysaccharides, secondary metabolites, ACC deaminase. Azospirillum free-living genus can promote yield growth many species, with multiple vary basis climate conditions. Different species Bacillus spp. increase growth, yield, biomass by availability nutrients; solubilization subsequent uptake synthesizing indole-3-acetic acid; fixing nitrogen; solubilizing phosphorus; promoting phytohormones; production, fruits crops via carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols, antioxidants; indoleacetic (IAA), gibberellins, siderophores, nitric oxide, cell surface components. aim this manuscript survey effects presenting case studies successful paradigms in several horticultural plants.

Language: Английский

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The Significance and Importance of dPCR, qPCR, and SYBR Green PCR Kit in the Detection of Numerous Diseases

Current Pharmaceutical Design, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 169 - 179

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract: Digital PCR (dPCR) is the latest technique that has become commercially accessible for various types of research. This method uses Taq polymerase in a standard chain reaction (PCR) to amplify target DNA fragment from complex sample, like quantitative (qPCR) and droplet digital (dd- PCR). ddPCR may facilitate microRNA (miRNA) measurement, particularly liquid biopsy, because it been proven be more effective sensitive, this method, can provide an unprecedented chance deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation research its capability increase sensitivity precision over conventional PCR-based methods. qPCR also found valuable measure both copy (cDNA) genomic (gDNA) levels, although finding data significantly variable non-reproducible without relevant validation verification primers samples. The SYBR green real-time reported as appropriate detection species discrimination, applied profitably different experiments determine, quantify, discriminate species. Although TaqMan qRT-PCR are sensitive rapid, assay easy specific but expensive due probe required. review aimed introduce dPCR, qPCR, kit, PCR, compare them, their advantages diseases.

Language: Английский

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Alleviation of Salt Stress and Changes in Glycyrrhizic Acid Accumulation by Dark Septate Endophytes in Glycyrrhiza glabra Grown under Salt Stress

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(26), P. 14557 - 14569

Published: June 19, 2024

This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which dark septate endophytes (DSE) regulate salt tolerance and accumulation of bioactive constituents in licorice. First, stress resynthesis with plant effect isolated DSE from wild licorice were tested. Second, performance inoculated DSE, had best salt-tolerant growth-promoting effects, was examined under stress. All showed promoted growth, withCurvularia lunata D43 being most effective. Under stress, C. could promote increase antioxidant enzyme activities, enhance glycyrrhizic acid accumulation, improve key activities synthesis pathway, induce expression gene The structural equation model demonstrated that alleviate negative effects through direct indirect pathways. Variations expression, constituent concentration can be attributed DSE. These results contribute revealing value for cultivating medicinal plants saline soils.

Language: Английский

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Impact of plant monoterpenes on insect pest management and insect-associated microbes

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(20), P. e39120 - e39120

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

The fight against insect pests primarily relies on the utilization of synthetic insecticides. However, improper application these chemicals can lead to detrimental effects both environment and human health, as well foster development resistance. Consequently, novel strategies must be implemented address challenges stemming from prolonged use insecticides in agricultural public health environments. Certain involve combination crop protectants, which not only enhance insecticidal effectiveness but also reduce rates. Plant-based natural products emerge promising alternatives for management. Monoterpenes, are abundant plant compounds produced through activation various enzymes, have attracted significant attention their control. Notably, they prolific fragrance-producing plants. This review explores defense, insecticidal, antimicrobial characteristics monoterpenes pests, shedding light potential modes action possibilities commercialization. Emphasizing role targeted environmentally safer, highlights practical viability within integrated pest management programs.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Changes in Active Ingredients and Mining of Key Metabolites in Bletilla striata under Shading and Drought Stresses

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 163 - 163

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Shading and drought are considered crucial abiotic stress factors that limit the normal growth of plants. Under natural conditions, quality Bletilla striata pseudobulbs (BP), a Chinese traditional medicinal crop, is often affected by dual stresses shading drought. However, relationship mechanism interaction between two in B. remain unclear. In this study, we examined changes photosynthetic properties active ingredients under (L), (W), shading-drought (LW). We aimed to explore metabolite led these using GC-MS-based non-targeted metabolomics techniques. The results indicated significant reduction polysaccharide content BP W LW treatments compared control (CK). total phenol was significantly reduced L treatment, while flavonoid did not change three stresses. increase militarine all implies may modulate its biosynthesis response different environmental Transpiration rate stomatal conductance were reduced, amino acid expression up-regulated, carbohydrate down-regulated treatment. net photosynthesis rate, conductance, transpiration exhibited reductions, tuber metabolic disorder marker Homocysteine increased organic as well water use efficiency further with single stress, which agreement “trade-off theory”. Pseudobulb changes, combination stresses, showed an up-regulation acids disaccharide compounds down-regulation monosaccharide compounds. A support vector machine model (SVM) used screen 10 metabolites accurately predict ingredient through artificial neural network (ANN). suggest appropriate environment can enhance target based on cultivation goals.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Effects of Light–Water Interaction in Plant Factory to Improve the Yield and Quality of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 368 - 368

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen, as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with significant therapeutic effects, is highly sensitive to environmental factors during its growth process, particularly light and water conditions. Under field conditions, natural limitations make it difficult achieve optimal yield quality. This study aimed in the past determine light–water interaction model for year-round cultivation of P. controlled plant factory environment. The experiment used one-year-old, uniformly grown notoginsen seedlings. At beginning experiment, source, without any shading treatment, provided photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity 200 μmol·m−2·s−1, measured at distance 30 cm from canopy. A total 18 treatment combinations were established, specifically two different quality treatments (A Treatment red-to-blue ratio 4:1 B 5:1) each combined three irrigation levels (field capacities 40%, 50%, 60%) (one layer 60% net, layers net). Each was all levels, resulting distinct combinations. effects interactions on evaluated by measuring key agronomic traits, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, ginsenoside content. results indicate that significantly affect content (light had more impact than treatment). best performance terms height (15.3 cm), stem diameter (3.45 mm), leaf length (8.6 fresh weight (3.382 g), (3.8%) observed when Treatment), capacity level layers. Based this, Pearson correlation analysis identify eight correlated indicators, entropy-weighted TOPSIS applied comprehensively evaluate schemes. evaluation show scheme under conditions three-layer shading.

Language: Английский

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Chemical Variation of Leaves and Pseudobulbs in Prosthechea karwinskii (Orchidaceae) in Oaxaca, Mexico

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 608 - 608

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Prosthechea karwinskii is an endemic orchid of Mexico with significant value for its traditional uses: ornamental, ceremonial, and medicinal. The pharmacological activity this plant has been studied using specimens recovered from religious use during Holy Week in Oaxaca, Mexico, sourced various localities within state. Geographical variability can influence the chemical composition plants, as environmental factors affect production their secondary metabolites, which impact biological properties. This research evaluated leaves pseudobulbs P. obtained different comprising 95-790 g 376-3900 fresh material pseudobulbs, respectively, per locality. Compounds were identified UHPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS following ultrasound-assisted hydroethanolic extraction. Twenty-one compounds twenty pseudobulb. findings revealed differences across between species. Roaguia locality exhibited highest extraction yield potential leaves. For Cieneguilla showed yield, El Lazo had lowest but potential. study represents first comprehensive analysis variation a native Mexican orchid. In all localities, contained known activity, validating species medicine highlighting medical applications.

Language: Английский

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Plant Secondary Metabolites—Central Regulators Against Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 276 - 276

Published: April 16, 2025

As global climates shift, plants are increasingly exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely affect their growth development, ultimately reducing agricultural productivity. To counter these stresses, produce secondary metabolites (SMs), which critical biochemical essential compounds serve as primary defense mechanisms. These diverse compounds, such alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic nitrogen/sulfur-containing act natural protectants against herbivores, pathogens, oxidative stress. Despite the well-documented protective roles of SMs, precise mechanisms by environmental factors modulate accumulation under different stress conditions not fully understood. This review provides comprehensive insights into recent advances in understanding functions SMs plant emphasizing regulatory networks biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we explored unique contributions individual SM classes responses while integrating findings across entire spectrum diversity, providing a resilience multiple conditions. Finally, highlight emerging strategies for harnessing improve crop through genetic engineering present novel solutions enhance sustainability changing climate.

Language: Английский

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