UAV-Supported Forest Regeneration: Current Trends, Challenges and Implications

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 2596 - 2596

Published: July 2, 2021

Replanting trees helps with avoiding desertification, reducing the chances of soil erosion and flooding, minimizing risks zoonotic disease outbreaks, providing ecosystem services livelihood to indigenous people, in addition sequestering carbon dioxide for mitigating climate change. Consequently, it is important explore new methods technologies that are aiming upscale fast-track afforestation reforestation (A/R) endeavors, given many current tree planting strategies not cost effective over large landscapes, suffer from constraints associated time, energy, manpower, nursery-based seedling production. UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle)-supported seed sowing (UAVsSS) can promote rapid A/R a safe, cost-effective, fast environmentally friendly manner, if performed correctly, even otherwise unsafe and/or inaccessible terrains, supplementing overall manual efforts globally. In this study, we reviewed recent literature on UAVsSS, analyze status technology. Primary UAVsSS applications were found be areas post-wildfire reforestation, mangrove restoration, forest restoration after degradation, weed eradication, desert greening. Nonetheless, low survival rates seeds, future diversity, weather limitations, financial constraints, seed-firing accuracy concerns determined as major challenges operationalization. Based our survey qualitative analysis, twelve recommendations—ranging need publishing germination results linking operations offset markets—are provided advancement applications.

Language: Английский

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An overview of forest loss and restoration in the Brazilian Amazon

New Forests, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: Feb. 3, 2020

Abstract Forest restoration is a strategy to reverse forest loss and degradation. We overviewed deforestation in the period 1975–2018 Brazilian Amazon projects, techniques, scientific publications conducted recover area by 2019. used GIS assess systematic data collection gathered from 12 universities, five major environmental agencies, an ad-hoc bibliographic survey that rendered information 405 projects 152 published studies. The has undergone accelerated last 43 years, resulting 20% (788,353 km 2 ) of its territory deforested 2018. Deforestation rate was 27,033 yr −1 between 1975 1987 14,542 1988 2018 (1.97% 2018). In 2018, 41 Amazonian municipalities were classified as priority areas for monitoring control 21 additional deemed with controlled deforestation. Our identified 191 1950 2017. majority (229) these seedling planting main technique. based upon agroforestry systems (144), assisted natural regeneration (27), (5) also identified. Despite considerable number publications, region still lacks studies reinforce choice best practices restoration, currently available not enough quantify what already been recovered or potential be restored.

Language: Английский

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Developing and supporting quality nursery facilities and staff are necessary to meet global forest and landscape restoration needs

REFORESTA, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 69 - 93

Published: Dec. 30, 2017

Seedlings are the foundation for many terrestrial ecosystems and a critical consideration investment implementing global forest landscape restoration programs. Global leaders have pledged to restore millions of hectares during next decade, necessitating established plants. Although natural regeneration direct seeding will likely meet portion that need, large quantities high-quality, nursery-grown seedlings also required. Insufficient plant or poor-quality plants result in unsuccessful outplanting Such failures considerable economic environmental consequences an inability goals. Nonetheless, importance nurseries is often overlooked when making large-scale commitments. Technology already exists produce high-quality variety This technology cannot be applied, however, unless adequate resources training made available by overcoming political socioeconomic barriers. In this article, we discuss important role commitments review three case studies where increased support nursery programs resulted improved success.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the success of direct seeding for tropical forest restoration over ten years

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 438, P. 224 - 232

Published: Feb. 28, 2019

Language: Английский

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Need to Seed? Ecological, Genetic, and Evolutionary Keys to Seed-Based Wetland Restoration

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 18, 2020

As we approach the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), there is renewed focus on improving wetland restoration practices to reestablish habitat and climate mitigation functions services that wetlands provide. A first step in restoring these native vegetation structure composition through strategic seed-based approaches. These approaches should be driven by ecological, genetic, evolutionary principles, along with consideration for economics, logistics, other social constraints. Effective must consider chosen species, seed sourcing, dormancy break germination requirements, enhancement technologies, potential invaders, seeding densities, long-term monitoring. Choice species reflect historical plant communities future environmental conditions, support functional goals including invasion resistance, availability Furthermore, seeds sourced ensure ample genetic diversity multifunctionality capacity while also considering broad natural dispersal many species. The decision collect wild or purchase will impact choice diversity, which can have cascading effects goals. To seedling establishment, addressed breaking treatments potentially narrow requirements some require targeted sowing timing location align safe sites. Other enhancements such as priming coatings are poorly developed their establishment unknown. Because highly prone, invaders legacies addressed. Seeding densities strike a balance between outcompeting preserving valuable resources. Invader control monitoring key revegetation restoration. Here, review scientific advances improve outcomes, provide methods recommendations help achieve desired Gaps knowledge about currently exist, however, untested certainly increase risks efforts. efforts used better understand processes related seeds, bring us one closer needed human ecological communities.

Language: Английский

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Revegetation through seeding or planting: A worldwide systematic map

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 337, P. 117713 - 117713

Published: March 21, 2023

Roughly 2 billion ha of land are degraded and in need ecological restoration worldwide. Active frequently involves revegetation, which leads to the dilemma whether conduct direct seeding or plant nursery-grown seedlings. The choice revegetation method can regulate survival performance, with economic implications that ultimately feed back our capacity restoration. We followed a peer-reviewed protocol develop systematic map collates, describes catalogues available studies on how compares planting achieving targets. compiled database characteristics all retrieved studies, be searched identify particular locations habitats, objectives restoration, material, technical aspects, outcomes measured. search was made eight languages 3355 publications, 178 were retained. identifies research gaps, such as lack global South, tropical rainforests, covering long time period, represent opportunities expand field-based research. Additionally, many overlooked reporting important aspects seed provenance nursery cultivation methods, others watering seedling protection more applied for than seeding, limits learn from past Most measured related target plants but avoided measuring general aspects. This represents relevant gap research, is greatly based achievement goals goes beyond establishment plants. Finally, we identified substantial volume conducted temperate regions over short periods (0-5 y). cluster calls future in-depth synthesis, potentially through meta-analysis, reveal overall balance between assess response this question mediated by species traits, environmental characteristics, Besides identifying clusters allows managers find most scientific literature appropriateness vs. conditions, certain habitats.

Language: Английский

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Direct seeding and outplantings in drylands of Argentinean Patagonia: estimated costs, and prospects for large‐scale restoration and rehabilitation

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 1105 - 1116

Published: May 2, 2019

In large areas of the world that are deeply scarred by desertification and hampered low capacity for natural regeneration, scaling up ecological restoration rehabilitation can be achieved only if it is in cost with high return on investment, shows promise providing long‐lasting social‐economic as well benefits. Monte Austral region Patagonia Argentina, concerted efforts underway to facilitate practices. Here, we evaluate financial costs preliminary results direct seeding compared outplanting nursery‐grown seedlings three native species ( Atriplex lampa , Senecio subulatus var. subulatus, Hyalis argentea latisquama ) considered high‐priority dryland framework species. Comparative success expressed terms plant survival monetary terms. The candidate showed rates, ranging from 4.3 22.3%, after first summer following seeding. contrast, rates planted same taxa varied between 84 91%, reintroduction. However, 1,693 1,772 US$ less per hectare, is, 64% than nursery seedlings. Therefore, search ways scale drylands, should receive more attention. We discuss social perspectives way forward techniques Patagonia. also consider how could reduced effectiveness improved large‐scale efforts.

Language: Английский

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Direct seeding reduces the costs of tree planting for forest and savanna restoration

Ecological Engineering, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 105788 - 105788

Published: March 19, 2020

Language: Английский

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Tamm Review: Direct seeding to restore oak (Quercus spp.) forests and woodlands

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 448, P. 474 - 489

Published: June 28, 2019

Language: Английский

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Grading of Scots Pine Seeds by the Seed Coat Color: How to Optimize the Engineering Parameters of the Mobile Optoelectronic Device

Inventions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Research Highlights: There is a problem of forest seeds quality assessment and grading afield in minimal costs. The each seed coat color class determined by the degree its separation with mobile optoelectronic grader. Background Objectives: Traditionally, pine are graded size, but this can lead to loss genetic diversity. Seed individual for caused low error identifying features seedling obtained from it. principle on which grader operates based optical signal detection reflected single seed. operate scientific (spectral band analysis) mode production feature grading) mode. When operating mode, it important determine optimal engineering parameters that provide maximum value seed-color classes. For purpose, run experiments was conducted using regression models output factors were obtained. Materials Methods: Scots (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples cones 2019 harvest collected natural stand. study Design Experiments theory (DOE) Microsoft Excel platform. In three replications experiment matrix, mixture 100 light, dark light-dark fraction (n = 300) used. Results: Interpretation model visible wavelength range (650–715 nm) shows influence output—separation degree—is exerted angle incidence detecting beam. Next terms power paired interactions: combinations grader’s pipe height. minimum effect Conclusions: use will eliminate cost transporting centers. To achieve 0.97–1.0 colored fractions, necessary following grader: radiation 700 nm, beam 45° height 0.2 m.

Language: Английский

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