Why didn’t the ‘critical juncture’ of the COVID-19 pandemic lead to the re-integration of public health into urban development policy in England? DOI Creative Commons
Geoff Bates, Andrew Barnfield, Nick Pearce

et al.

Cities & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 13

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

The links between public health and urban environments emerged as a key narrative during the pandemic. However, despite optimism at time that this could lead to re-integration of in development policy there has not been transformative change area England. To understand why not, article explores COVID-19 'critical juncture' for healthy development. Critical junctures provide opportunities path-dependent policies if institutional constraints on actors are loosened new ideas narratives gain support. We interviewed senior Whitehall officials working heart 2021. Drawing these interviews analysis documents published 2023–24, we demonstrate while is evidence increased support amongst which remains visible recent developments, dominance agendas political ideologies marginalise objectives city planning England was dislodged, limiting opportunity radical change. Greater leadership local national government levels preventative cross-sector priority required help overcome incremental towards will healthier placemaking.

Language: Английский

Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050 DOI Creative Commons
Mohsen Naghavi, Dan J. Stein, Kevin S Ikuta

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

495
Progress and challenges in infectious disease surveillance and early warning DOI Creative Commons
Ying Shen, Youngjoon Hong, Thomas Krafft

et al.

Medicine Plus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100071 - 100071

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Developments in Infectious Disease Molecular Diagnostics and the Impact on Health Care DOI
Ryan F. Relich, Kirsten St. George, Heba H. Mostafa

et al.

Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 97 - 99

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Monitoring and Early Warning System: Regional Monitoring Strategy in Lombardy Region DOI Creative Commons

Sarah Cataldi,

Elena Maria Ticozzi,

Federica Morani

et al.

Epidemiologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

This article examines the infectious disease surveillance system in Lombardy region of Italy, with a focus on its response mechanisms to respiratory syndromes. study aims describe alert and organizational procedures place, assessing their effectiveness managing health crises. is based analysis Lombardy's regional resolution No. 1125, developed by public experts. Surveillance levels were categorized incidence thresholds healthcare impacts, establishing specific indicators activation protocols. Information flows are managed through real-time data portals, enabling monitoring COVID-19, influenza, other diseases. A multi-level was established, ranging from ordinary regimes critical epidemic activation. Each level includes actions, such as resource reallocation, emergency department support, suspension elective procedures. The use technological tools, electronic records, streamlined reporting processes, flow management, has strengthened region's capabilities. underscores value structured, for showing that unified approach improves crisis efficiency. It suggests sharing protocols within scientific community can help harmonize national international responses future pandemics. system, while effective current context, may require adaptation challenges.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Wastewater surveillance overcomes socio-economic limitations of laboratory-based surveillance when monitoring disease transmission: The South African experience during the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Gillian Maree, Fiona Els, Yashena Naidoo

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0311332 - e0311332

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Wastewater and environmental surveillance has been promoted as a communicable disease tool because it overcomes inherent biases in laboratory-based surveillance. Yet, little empirical evidence exists to support this notion, remains largely an intuitive, though highly plausible hypothesis. Our interdisciplinary study uses WES data show for underreporting of SARS-CoV-2 the context measurable statistically significant associations between economic conditions incidence testing rates. We obtained geolocated, anonymised, laboratory-confirmed cases, wastewater viral load socio-demographic Gauteng Province, South Africa. spatially located all create single dataset sewershed catchments served by two large treatment plants. conducted epidemiological, persons infected principal component analysis explore relationships variables. Overall, we demonstrate co-contributory influences socio-economic indicators on access cumulative incidence, thus reflecting that apparent rates mirror socioeconomic considerations rather than true epidemiology. These analyses how provides valuable information contextualise interpret epidemiological data. Whilst is useful have these established SARS-CoV-2, implications beyond are legion reasons, namely clinical broadly applicable across pathogens infecting humans will find their way into albeit varying quantities. should be implemented strengthen systems, especially where inequalities limit interpretability conventional

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Kisumu, Kenya: Association with COVID-19 case numbers DOI Creative Commons
Bhagya Galkissa-Dewage, Jared Oremo,

Simon Bunde

et al.

PLOS Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. e0000339 - e0000339

Published: May 9, 2025

While wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has proven to be effective as an early warning system for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in high-income countries (HICs), its feasibility low- and middle-income (LMICs) is challenging due limited sewer infrastructure, particularly outside major cities. This study evaluated community-based wastewater sampling locations addition centralized treatment plants Kisumu, Kenya from March 29, 2022, 8, 2023. The results of analysis were relation documented COVID-19 case counts. Wastewater samples (n = 161) collected sites 41) decentralized sites: hospitals 50), public toilets markets 31), at transportation hubs 39). Twenty-three (14.3%) tested positive RNA. Epidemiological data obtained official sources. odds detecting one or more cases within 4–7 days after a WBS sample 9 times higher than on with negative samples. Rates viral RNA detection similar sites. On five the 32 (15.6%) which both decentralize tested, SARS CoV-2 was detected only Centralized can supplemented toilet increase sensitivity areas infrastructure enhance new cases.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Surveillance under siege: Safeguarding youth health in an era of public health defunding DOI
Sarah Messiah, D. Ernest, Lin Xie

et al.

Progress in Pediatric Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101846 - 101846

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
COVID-19 vaccination: challenges in the pediatric population DOI Creative Commons

Alice Azoicăi,

Ingrith Miron, Ancuţa Ignat

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Vaccination is considered to be one of the most effective means protecting individuals and populations from risks associated with exposure various pathogens. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), affected people all ages worldwide. In response, several pharmaceutical companies rapidly leveraged their resources develop vaccines within a very short period time, leading introduction new, improved, combination for community-wide immunization. This review aims provide summary available literature on efficacy safety in pediatric population ranging 0 18 years. An analysis recent published studies reveals that majority clinical trials have reported sustained immune response following vaccination children across age groups authors highlighted effectiveness immunization schedules adolescents. population-level this remains determined, provided benefits outweigh potential risks. Long-term side effects must still monitored enable development safer more future pandemics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Underreporting of Cases in the COVID-19 Outbreak of Borriana (Spain) During Mass Gathering Events in March 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study. DOI Open Access

Salvador Domènech-Montoliy,

María Rosario Pac-Sa,

Diego Sala-Trull

et al.

Published: June 27, 2024

Knowing the number of cases an epidemic is first function epidemiological surveillance. An important underreporting was observed in many places during wave COVID-19 pandemic. To estimate this outbreak Borriana (Valencia Community, Spain), “Falles” mass gathering events March 2020, a cross-sectional study performed June 2020 querying public health register. Logistic regression models were used. From total 468 symptomatic diagnosed by anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology, 36 reported (7.7%), thus 92.3% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 89.5%-94.6%), 13 unreported for every case. Only positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction predominantly due to limited testing capacity and following national protocol. Significant factors associated with no medical assistance disease, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.83 CI 2.49-47.11), chronic illness, aOR=2.81 1.28-6.17), middle lower social classes, aOR=3.12 1.42-6.85), younger age, aOR=0.97 0.94-0.99), shorter duration aOR=0.98 0.97-0.99). improve surveillance, studies representative population samples are necessary magnitude future epidemics, novel approaches recommended.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Exploring Attitudes and Obstacles around Digital Public Health Tools: Insights from Washington State's Vaccine Verification System (Preprint) DOI
A. Molino, Debra Revere, Rebecca Hills

et al.

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

BACKGROUND Development and use of digital public health tools surged during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among that aimed to limit disease spread were vaccine verification systems, an alternative paper records. In November 2021, Washington State Department Health launched “WA Verify”, a QR code-based system based on SMART Card framework, which offered residents convenient way store share proof vaccination digitally. However, WA Verify was developed disseminated before assessments input from regarding potential challenges its adoption (concerns privacy, surveillance, data sharing, trust in technology organizations manage use) could be completed. OBJECTIVE This analysis used statewide survey identify characterize barriers facilitators Verify, understand how factors such as security, attitudes towards policies, technological proficiency may influence acceptance uptake tools. METHODS A distributed September 2022 through January 2023 random sample 5,000 households. Respondents categorized into three groups responses indicated they “users”, “potential users”, or “unlikely users”. Comparisons made between experiences with opinions test verification, policies tools, proficiency, sociodemographic characteristics, history. To ensure analytical matched State’s race/ethnicity age-sex marginal distributions, population weights created applied. RESULTS Of 1,401 respondents, 25.8% (N=359) users, 49.8% (N=662) users 24.4% (N=380) unlikely users. Compared more likely oppose requiring and/or negative results. Unlikely cite personal security phone hacking/tracking concerns, though these non-trivial among Users agree protecting their communities reason system. report not owning smartphone lower indicating divide groups. CONCLUSIONS While nearly three-quarters respondents either already adopted willing adopt tool like distrust characteristics individuals least Identifying for those most users” is essential developing effective communication strategies targeted marketing, education, community engagement improve equitable access technologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1