International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 255 - 274
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Objective: The aim of the study was to enhance transdermal flux and bioavailability, thereby reforming effectiveness drug delivery by synthesising characterising cilnidipine-loaded nanoemulsion-based gel. Methods: research conducted with meticulous planning execution. After preformulation studies, nanoemulsions were synthesised using probe sonication optimised a 2-factor central composite design. loaded in Carbopol 940 HPMC K4M gelling system. characterised for droplet size, zeta potential, viscosity, refractive index, pH TEM, nanoemulsion gels clarity, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, extrudability, pH, vitro diffusion study, dermal toxicity, pharmacokinetic profiling. process accurately planned accomplished at each step ensure precision reliability results. Results: findings this are not just significant; they groundbreaking. steady-state values observed ranged from 35.71±1.27 µg/cm²/h 107.7±2.04 DOE_CiL_1 9 40.88±1.44 80.64±1.38 NEn_CiL_GeL_1 4. These results underscore diverse efficacy different formulations facilitating through skin. pharmacokinetics profile cilnidipine also showed remarkable changes. Cmax tablet 332.3±14.2 ng/ml, whereas it significantly increased (p<0.05) 593.00±24.8 ng/ml gel, demonstrating substantial enhancement concentration. Additionally, AUC0-12 significant increase 1279±34.1 ng/ml. h 1922.50±162.8 AUC0-∞ 1395.5±156.7 ng/ml·h 1962.30±174.9 further confirming improved bioavailability improvements cause excitement about potential impact research, which could revolutionise systems pharmaceutical business, leading more effective efficient methods. Conclusion: novel only promising but hold be transformative. improvement gel reveals drug's bioavailability. This breakthrough eliminate several drawbacks cilnidipine, like first-pass fate poor solubility, provide safer, convenient method managing hypertension.
Language: Английский