Temperature drives the divergent evolution of male harm to females

Published: March 12, 2024

Strong sexual selection promotes population viability and evolvability, but conflict can offset such benefits. Male harm adaptations leading to pre-copulatory (i.e. harassment) and/or copulatory traumatic insemination) females are taxonomically widespread, depress growth, affect the dynamics of adaptation evolutionary rescue, we largely ignore what factors modulate their evolution. Here, show that temperature drives divergent evolution male in Drosophila melanogaster, a model species study exhibits both intense harassment via seminal fluid proteins (SFPs). After 30 generations experimental wild flies under cold (20±4ºC), moderate (24±4ºC) hot (28±4ºC) thermal regimes mimicking natural conditions (average ± circadian range), characterized overall levels plasticity behaviours, as well proteome. Quick local was evidenced by higher at evolved (vs. non-evolved) temperatures. Furthermore, vs. mechanisms responded divergently temperature. substantially lower less plastic lines temperatures, while proteome warm temperatures differential expression SFPs. Such quick responses suggest high standing genetic variation origin. Accordingly, derived isogenic from ancestral strong quadratic GxE interactions for reproductive success across studied Our results suggest: a) be key understand past future (e.g. global warming) net effects on populations, b) fluctuations maintain traits, contributing resolve lek paradox.

Language: Английский

The effect of short-term exposure to high temperatures on male courtship behaviour and mating success in the fruit fly Drosophila virilis

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 103701 - 103701

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Human-induced climate change is leading to higher average global temperatures and increasingly extreme weather events. High can have obvious effects on animal survival, particularly in ectotherms. However, the temperature at which organisms become sterile may be significantly lower than other biological functions are impaired. In fruit fly Drosophila virilis, males sterilized above 34 °C, but still active able mate normally. We investigated male behavioural changes associated with high-temperature fertility loss. exposed a warming treatment of 34.4 °C or 36.6 for 4 h, then recorded their mating behaviour after being allowed recover 24 h. Previous work this species suggests that lose ability produce new sperm, utilize mature sperm produced before heat shock. therefore predicted these would increases courtship rate, reduce choosiness, order try ensure remaining die. contrast, over two-thirds completely sterile. standard trials, earlier exposure did not affect when compared control kept 23 °C. Exposure high also alter extent directed toward females same species. were slower mate, had reduced likelihood mating, males. Overall, behaviour, mating. This distinguish between normal heat-sterilized female choice least partly mitigate population-level consequences induced sterility

Language: Английский

The Effect of Short-Term Exposure to High Temperatures on Male Courtship Behavior and Mating Success in the Fruit Fly Drosophila Virilis

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Human-induced climate change is leading to higher average global temperatures and increasingly extreme weather events. High can have obvious effects on animal survival, particularly in ectotherms. However, the temperature at which organisms become sterile may be significantly lower than other biological functions are impaired. In fruit fly Drosophila virilis, males sterilized above 34°C, but still active able mate normally. We investigated male behavioural changes associated with high-temperature fertility loss. exposed a warming treatment of 34.4°C or 36.6°C for four hours, then recorded their mating behaviour after being allowed recover 24 hours. Males lose ability produce new sperm, remain fertile seven days by using mature sperm unaffected. therefore predicted that these would increases courtship rate, reduce choosiness, order try ensure before remaining die. contrast, over two-thirds completely sterile. standard trials, earlier exposure high did not affect behavior when compared control kept 23°C. Exposure also alter extent directed toward mated females same species. were slower mate, had reduced likelihood mating, males. This suggests distinguish between normal heat-sterilized female choice least partly mitigate population-level consequences induced sterility this

Language: Английский