A supergene affects steroid metabolism during early ontogeny in a bird with alternative reproductive morphs

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Reproductive phenotypes are shaped by genetic, physiological and environmental variation that an organism experiences during ontogeny. Steroid hormones play integrative role in this process through both genomic non-genomic pathways. Differences steroid hormone metabolism may be rooted variation. Here we evaluate the influence of supergene variants underlying alternative reproductive tactics on sex ontogeny ruffs (Calidris pugnax). Adult ruff males exhibit three male mating morphs called Independents, Faeders Satellites, differ prominently circulating androgen (testosterone androstenedione) concentrations. Across sexes chicks showed similar mean concentrations ontogenetic development. However, variances androgens same pattern as corresponding previously observed adults. HSD17B2 had been identified a key gene for mediating differences levels between it encodes enzyme converts testosterone to androstenedione is located within supergene. Observed expression embryonic brain tissue was consistent with predictions based genetic endocrine differences. Taken together, point synthesis mechanism shapes developmental trajectories organization among morphs.

Language: Английский

Sex and morph variation in activity from early ontogeny to maturity in ruffs (Calidris pugnax)

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Abstract Intraspecific variation provides the substrate for evolution of organisms. Ruffs show exceptional phenotypic in physiology, appearance and behaviour linked to between sexes male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). The ARTs are associated with separate morphs, which encoded by an autosomal supergene. However, effects supergene on females chicks much less well understood. In particular, it is still unknown, whether also morph-specific behavioural variation, when differences emerge during ontogeny, can be detected outside breeding context. To address these knowledge gaps, we repeatedly measured activity unfamiliar environment, known as exploration behaviour, 109 hand-raised young ruffs throughout their first two years life. We used automated tracking open field arena, quantified distance moved within 10 minutes examine sexes, morphs individuals. rapidly increased month after crouching reflex, a response potential threats, subsided. Repeatability individual was initially low but juvenile ontogeny high (R = 0.5) from day 21 onwards. Variation clearly sex-linked moving more than males, indicating energetic trade-offs accompanying strong sexual size dimorphism. contrast, morph remained inconsistent elusive, both males. Our results indicate that species where mating tactics, non-reproductive between-individual clear sex differences, whereas appear pronounced.

Language: Английский

Growth Performance, Quantitative Analysis and Economics of Broiler Chickens as Influenced by Herbal Dietary Additives as Alternative Growth Booster

Indian Journal of Animal Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Of

Published: April 17, 2024

Background: The range of synthetic medications and growth promoters fed to broilers is expensive, negatively impacts the health birds has long-term side effects. Refocusing their efforts, poultry farmers are looking for herbal extracts that have therapeutic properties may be used safely boost productivity. This study was conducted assess effect Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on performance broiler chickens. Methods: One hundred forty day old chicks were distributed randomly into seven treatment groups viz., T0 (Control: basal diet), T1 (basal diet + 0.5% Garlic), T2 Ginger), T3 Cinnamon), T4 0.25% T5 T6 Cinnamon) having 70 in each group with 10 replicates. Result: results (0-6 weeks) present indicated supplementation garlic ginger (T4) significantly improved overall average daily gain (ADG), better feed conversion ratio (FCR) efficiency index (BPEI) body weight (BW) followed by supplemented combination cinnamon (T6) than control as well other groups. Highest profit per bird (Rs. 25.17) benefit cost (1.59) observed T6. It can concluded dietary (0.25 %) along (0.25%) potential improve

Language: Английский