Microbial diversity determines the invasion of soil by a bacterial pathogen

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 109(4), P. 1159 - 1164

Published: Jan. 9, 2012

Natural ecosystems show variable resistance to invasion by alien species, and this can relate the species diversity in system. In soil, microorganisms are key components that determine life support functions, but functional redundancy microbiota of most soils has long been thought overwhelm microbial diversity–function relationships. We here an inverse relationship between soil survival invading Escherichia coli O157:H7, assessed using marked derivative strain T. The invader's fate was determined presence ( i ) differentially constructed culturable bacterial communities, ii communities established a dilution-to-extinction approach. Both approaches revealed negative correlation invader. could be explained decrease competitive ability invader species-rich vs. species-poor reflected amount resources used rate their consumption. Soil is factor controls extent which invaders establish.

Language: Английский

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Invasiveness, invasibility and the role of environmental stress in the spread of non-native plants

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2000, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 52 - 66

Published: Jan. 1, 2000

Language: Английский

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Exotic Plant Species as Problems and Solutions in Ecological Restoration: A Synthesis

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2002, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 703 - 713

Published: Dec. 1, 2002

Abstract Exotic species have become increasingly significant management problems in parks and reserves frequently complicate restoration projects. At the same time there may be circumstances which their removal unforeseen negative consequences or use is desirable. We review types of effects exotic that are important during suggest research could increase our ability to set realistic goals. Their control controversial; therefore we advocate consideration greater context community structure succession emphasize areas where ecological bring insight dilemmas surrounding restoration. For example, an understanding potential transience exotics a site role particular might play changing processes influence course essential setting priorities Likewise, introduced help reduce controversy purposeful Here link generalizations emerging from invasion ecology literature with practical concerns, including when it

Language: Английский

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A biogeographical approach to plant invasions: the importance of studying exotics in their introduced and native range

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 93(1), P. 5 - 15

Published: Dec. 8, 2004

Summary Most theory and empirical research on exotic invasions is based the assumption that problematic exotics are much more abundant in regions where they invade than native. However, overwhelming majority of studies plants have been conducted solely within introduced range. With few exceptions, ecologists know surprisingly little about abundance, interaction strengths ecosystems impacts even best‐studied their native We argue taking a biogeographical approach key to understanding plant invasions. On descriptive level, unambiguous quantification distributions abundances ranges crucial. Experiments at scale also necessary elucidate mechanisms enable highly successful occur substantially higher abundance vs. communities. summarize leading hypotheses for success. assert tests these major (the natural enemies, evolution invasiveness, empty niche novel weapons hypotheses) require comparative approaches. In addition focusing work range, we suggest other approaches could yield important insight into processes influence Increased has potential provide unique fundamental ecological theory, including individualistic‐holistic structure, role trophic interactions population regulation, importance co‐evolution

Language: Английский

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Invasions by Insect Vectors of Human Disease

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2002, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 233 - 266

Published: Jan. 1, 2002

▪ Abstract Nonindigenous vectors that arrive, establish, and spread in new areas have fomented throughout recorded history epidemics of human diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, typhus, plague. Although some vagile vectors, adults black flies, biting midges, tsetse dispersed into habitats by flight or wind, human-aided transport is responsible for the arrival most invasive anthropophilic fleas, lice, kissing bugs, mosquitoes. From fifteenth century to present, successive waves invasion vector mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens Complex, and, recently, albopictus been facilitated worldwide ship transport. Aircraft comparatively unimportant mosquito invaders. Mosquito species occupy transportable container habitats, water-holding automobile tires, especially successful recent Propagule pressure, previous success, adaptations habits appear favor invasions vectors.

Language: Английский

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