Microecological Koch’s postulates reveal that intestinal microbiota dysbiosis contributes to shrimp white feces syndrome

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 10, 2020

Abstract Background Recently, increasing evidence supports that some complex diseases are not attributed to a given pathogen, but dysbiosis in the host intestinal microbiota (IM). The full ecosystem alterations, rather than single associated with white feces syndrome (WFS), globally severe non-infectious shrimp disease, while no experimental explore causality. Herein, we conducted comprehensive metagenomic and metabolomic analysis, transplantation (IMT) investigate causal relationship between IM WFS. Results Compared Control shrimp, found dramatically decreased microbial richness diversity WFS shrimp. Ten genera, such as Vibrio , Candidatus Bacilloplasma, Photobacterium Aeromonas were overrepresented WFS, whereas 11 including Shewanella Chitinibacter Rhodobacter enriched control. divergent changes these populations might contribute observation decline of pathways conferring lipoic acid metabolism mineral absorption Meanwhile, sorts metabolites, especially lipids organic acids, be related alteration Integrated multiomics IMT, demonstrated significant alterations community composition, functional potentials, metabolites closely linked distinguished which validated by feed-supplementary challenge. Both homogenous selection heterogeneous process less pronounced assembly. Notably, IMT from donors eventually developed clinical signs, dysbiotic can recharacterized recipient Conclusions Collectively, our findings offer solid causality exemplify ‘microecological Koch’s postulates’ (an dysbiosis, disease) disease etiology, inspire cogitation on etiology an ecological perspective.

Language: Английский

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Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth

Animals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1211 - 1211

Published: May 7, 2022

Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish formulation on use of protein sources decrease dependency fishmeal, it is fundamental evaluate implications this new paradigm for health and welfare. This work intends comprehensively review impacts novel dietary gut microbiota health, stress immune responses, disease resistance, antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- macroalgae, single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact thus affecting responses. Nevertheless, some insects algae have functional properties exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further effects beyond growth, clearly needed. information gathered here utmost importance, order diets guarantee production healthy with high quality standards optimised welfare conditions, contributing growth aquaculture industry.

Language: Английский

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Salmon gut microbiota correlates with disease infection status: potential for monitoring health in farmed animals

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: April 20, 2021

Infectious diseases cause significant production losses in aquaculture every year. Since the gut microbiota plays an essential role regulating host immune system, health and physiology, altered compositions are often associated with a diseased status. However, few studies have examined association between disease severity degree of dysbiosis, especially when is not site primary infection. Moreover, there lack knowledge on whether bath treatment formalin, disinfectant commonly used to treat external infections, might affect microbiome as consequence formalin ingestion. Here we investigate, through 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, changes distal composition captive-reared cohort 80 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), bacterial skin infection due natural outbreak subsequent treatment.We identified Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi causative pathogen show that presented different from healthy individuals. A new, yet undescribed, Mycoplasma genus characterized salmon, while sick fish observed increase terms relative abundance Aliivibrio sp., strain regarded opportunistic. We also noticed positive correlation weight sp. abundance, potentially indicating beneficial effect for its host. treated was more similar those than ones.We conclude infections potential indirectly affecting microbiota. As such, optimization procedures should account that. Formalin optimal solution holistic perspective, since observe fish. suggest coupling probiotic aimed at re-establishing community. Lastly, weight, therefore encourage further investigations towards utilization biomarker monitoring other farmed species.

Language: Английский

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Aquaculture industry prospective from gut microbiome of fish and shellfish: An overview

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 106(2), P. 441 - 469

Published: Aug. 6, 2021

Abstract The microbiome actually deals with micro‐organisms that are associated indigenous body parts and the entire gut system in all animals, including human beings. These microbes linked roles involving hereditary traits, defence against diseases strengthening overall immunity, which determines health status of an organism. Considerable efforts have been made to find out diversity their taxonomic identification finfish shellfish its importance has correlated various physiological functions activities. In recent past due availability advanced molecular tools, some also on DNA sequencing these understand environmental impact other stress factors genomic structural profile. There reports use next‐generation (NGS) technology, amplicon shot‐gun approaches, bioinformatics tools count classify commensal at species level. present whole body, particularly systems shellfish, not only contributes digestion but nutrition, growth, reproduction, immune vulnerability host fish diseases. Therefore, study such microbial communities is highly relevant for development new innovative bio‐products will be a vital source build bio pharmaceutical industries, aquaculture. years, attempts discover chemical ingredients form biomolecules/bioactive compounds usefulness benefits, treatment different types disorders animals. it speculated microbiomes hold great promise as cure ailments preventive measure number infectious This kind exploration breeds miraculous definitely help accelerate drugs, biological related industries. Probiotic research skills further escalate opportunities sector. review, collect comprehensive information microbiome, functional properties, relationship diseases, status, data species‐specific metagenomics, probiotic skills. Further, emphasis carry priority basis keep healthy environment farming sector sustainable growth

Language: Английский

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Vitamin B12 produced by Cetobacterium somerae improves host resistance against pathogen infection through strengthening the interactions within gut microbiota

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 15, 2023

Pathogen infections seriously affect host health, and the use of antibiotics increases risk emergence drug-resistant bacteria also environmental health safety risks. Probiotics have received much attention for their excellent ability to prevent pathogen infections. Particularly, explaining mechanism action probiotics against is important more efficient rational maintenance health.Here, we describe impacts probiotic on resistance Our findings revealed that (I) protective effect oral supplementation with B. velezensis Aeromonas hydrophila infection was dependent gut microbiota, specially anaerobic indigenous microbe Cetobacterium; (II) Cetobacterium a sensor especially fish infected pathogenic bacteria; (III) genome resolved somerae CS2105-BJ synthesize vitamin B12 de novo, while in vivo vitro metabolism assays showed produce B12; (IV) addition significantly altered redox status microbiome structure function, then improved stability microbial ecological network, enhanced barrier tight junctions infection.Collectively, this study found enhancing depended function produced by an microbe, Cetobacterium. Furthermore, as regulator, exhibited strengthen interactions within microbiota junctions, thereby improving infection. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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The interactions between the host immunity and intestinal microorganisms in fish

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on digestive enzymes, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defense in fish farming: current insights and future perspectives

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 16, 2024

There has been a surge of research in the aquaculture industry investigating probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic interventions on physiological mechanisms fish, specifically digestive enzymes, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense. In probiotics have shown to improve nutrient utilization growth performance by stimulating enzymes. Meanwhile, probiotics, prebiotics synbiotics also studied for their ability modulate stress defense highlighting multifaceted health benefits. This review identified current trends, gaps, future considerations this evolving field. Although promising findings made, significant gap exists understanding specific role prebiotics, modulating systems variety fish species. As study investigate into existing body literature, it becomes evident that while certain aspects these interactions elucidated, nuanced comprehensive still needs be discovered. The variations experimental design, species-specific responses, lack standardized methodologies contribute complexity Digestive physiology vary among different species, so should focus responses formulations. It will possible establish robust correlations between dietary observed effects through systematic design methodology approach. Accordingly, further is needed understand Identifying gaps adopting can help develop tailored strategies optimize performance.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic modulation of fish gut microbiota, a feasible strategy for aquaculture?

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 544, P. 737050 - 737050

Published: June 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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Effects of fishmeal replacement with cottonseed protein concentrate on growth, digestive proteinase, intestinal morphology and microflora in pearl gentian grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatu )

Aquaculture Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 51(7), P. 2870 - 2884

Published: April 9, 2020

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) as fishmeal (FM) replacement on growth, digestive proteinase, intestinal morphology and microflora in pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu). FM 0% (FM), 12.00% (R12), 24.00% (R24), 36.00% (R36), 48.00% (R48) 60.00% (R60) replaced with CPC, prepare six diets feed groupers. Weight gain (WG) specific growth rate (SGR) were highest R24 group, lowest coefficient (FCR) observed this group compared other groups (p < .05). Pepsin activity R12 chymotrypsin R36 reached significant maximum With increasing CPC replacement, plica height width lamina propria thickness intestine decreased significantly 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing suggested dominant subjected different treatments similar. At phylum level, abundance Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes Actinobacteria high, while Photobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas, Romboutsia, Akkermansia, Vibrio Bifidobacterium taxa at genus level. The probiotics (Bifidobacterium) decreased, whereas opportunistic pathogen (Proteobacteria, Vibrio) increased. These results that affected proteinase activity, structure grouper. Under conditions experiment, (24% level) yielded most satisfactory results, providing reference for sustainable aquaculture.

Language: Английский

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Strategies to enhance tilapia immunity to improve their health in aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(S1), P. 41 - 56

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Abstract Various emerging and re‐emerging diseases, such as streptococcosis, tilapia lake virus disease infectious spleen kidney necrosis disease, have had a significant economic impact on the industry over last decade. These diseases resulted in high levels of morbidity mortality, production losses trade restrictions. In absence effective husbandry management, prevention strategies appropriate biosecurity measures, will continue to challenge sustainability global aquaculture. Strategies used reduce include feeding probiotic prebiotic supplements enhance health modulate fish's gut microbiota improve health. Herbal medicines immunostimulants are also immunity while vaccines available, or under development, for number economically important pathogens affecting culture. This review provides an overview benefits enhancing immune response their health, turn within farming systems.

Language: Английский

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