What defines a photosynthetic microbial mat in western Antarctica?

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0315919 - e0315919

Published: March 5, 2025

Antarctic microbial mats, with their significant biodiversity and key role in biogeochemical cycling, were the focus of our study. We employed a metagenomic approach to analyze 14 mats from meltwater streams western Antarctica, covering Maritime, Peninsula, Dry Valleys regions. Our findings revealed that taxonomic compositional level mat communities is characterized by similar bacterial groups, diatoms being main distinguishing factor between rapidly warming Maritime Antarctica other mats. Bacteria found be predominant component all (>90%), followed Eukarya (>3%), Archaea (<1%), Viruses (<0.1%). The average abundance phyla composing included Bacteroidota (35%), Pseudomonadota (29%), Cyanobacteriota (19%), Verrucomicrobiota (3%), Bacillariophyta (2%), Planctomycetota Acidobacteriota Actinomycetota Bacillota (1%), Chloroflexota (1%). also identified some microeukaryotes could play essential roles functioning Notably, sites varied environmental characteristics, showed N-limitation, shared functional patterns.

Language: Английский

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Soil properties predict below‐ground community structure, but not nematode microbiome patterns in semi‐arid habitats

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(18)

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Abstract Microbial and microeukaryotic communities are extremely abundant diverse in soil habitats where they play critical roles ecosystem functioning services that essential to health. Soil biodiversity is influenced by above‐ground (vegetation) below‐ground factors (soil properties), which together create habitat‐specific conditions. However, the compound effects of vegetation properties on less studied or often focused one component biota. Here, we integrate metabarcoding (16S 18S rRNA genes) nematode morphology assess habitat shaping microbial as well nematode‐associated microbiomes. We show both bulk density) were major structuring semi‐arid habitats. Despite having lower nutrients pH, denser soils displayed significantly higher alpha diversity than dense across datasets. Nematode‐associated microbiomes have diversity, strongly differ from microbes more likely respond microscale variations among samples density. Consequently, different lineages trophic groups display similar associated when sharing same microhabitat. Different microbiome taxa enriched within specific (e.g. Mycobacterium , Candidatus Cardinium ) highlighting potentially new species‐specific associations may confer benefits their hosts. Our findings highlight importance exploring above‐ community structure terrestrial habitats, how fine‐scale analyses for understanding patterns host‐associated

Language: Английский

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Exploring the use of metabarcoding to reveal eukaryotic associations with mononchids nematodes

Journal of Nematology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Nematodes play a vital ecological role in soil and marine ecosystems, but there is limited information about their dietary diversity feeding habits. Due to methodological challenges, the available based on inference rather than confirmed observations. The lack of correct requirements also hampers rearing experiments. To achieve insight into prey mononchid nematodes, this study employed high-throughput Illumina paired-end sequencing using universal eukaryotic species 18S primers 10 pooled nematode species, namely Mylonchulus brachyuris, M. brevicaudatus, sp., Clarkus parvus, Prionchulus sp. hawaiiensis, sigmaturellus, vulvapapillatus, Anatonchus Miconchus results indicate that mononchids are associated with remarkable eukaryotes, including fungi, algae, protists. While metabarcoding approach, first introduced here for mononchids, proved be simple rapid method, it has several limitations crucial challenges should addressed future studies. Ultimately, such methods able evaluate complexity nematodes provide valuable avenue unraveling previously unculturable nematodes. This can contribute methodology understanding habits contributions ecosystem dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial communities associated with Acrobeles complexus nematodes recovered from tomato crops in South Africa

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. e0304663 - e0304663

Published: June 6, 2024

The productivity of agricultural ecosystems is heavily influenced by soil-dwelling organisms. To optimize practices and management, it critical to know the composition, abundance, interactions soil microorganisms. Our study focused on Acrobeles complexus nematodes collected from tomato fields in South Africa analyzed their associated bacterial communities utilizing metabarcoding analysis. findings revealed that A . forms associations with a wide range species. Among most abundant species identified, we found Dechloromonas sp., commonly aquatic sediments, Acidovorax temperans , activated sludge, Lactobacillus ruminis commensal motile lactic acid bacterium inhabits intestinal tracts humans animals. Through principal component analysis (PCA), abundance negatively correlated clay content ( r = -0.990) phosphate levels -0.969) positively sand 0.763). This sheds light free-living crops highlights occurrence various potentially damaging beneficial nematode-associated bacteria, which can turn, impact health production.

Language: Английский

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Population growth of two limno-terrestrial Antarctic microinvertebrates in different aqueous soil media

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(22), P. 33086 - 33097

Published: April 27, 2024

Terrestrial microinvertebrates provide important carbon and nutrient cycling roles in soil environments, particularly Antarctica where larger macroinvertebrates are absent. The environmental preferences ecology of rotifers tardigrades terrestrial including Antarctica, not as well understood their temperate aquatic counterparts. Developing laboratory cultures is critical to adequate numbers individuals for controlled experimentation. In this study, we explore aspects optimising culturing two terrestrially sourced Antarctic microinvertebrates, a rotifer (Habrotrocha sp.) tardigrade (Acutuncus antarcticus). We tested elutriate balanced salt solution (BSS) determine suitability media. Substantial population growth was observed both media, with mean size increasing from 5 448 ± 95 (soil elutriate) 274 78 over 60 days 187 65 138 37 160 days. also optimal dilution cultures, 20-80% dilutions producing the largest least variation 40% after 36 Culturing methods developed study recommended use may be suitable similar limno-terrestrial other regions.

Language: Английский

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Soil compactness predicts above-below ground community structure, but not nematode microbiome patterns in desert habitats

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Soil microorganisms, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes, represent a large fraction of global terrestrial biodiversity. These organisms their microbiomes play critical roles in ecosystem functioning services are essential to soil health. biodiversity is governed by above-ground below-ground factors, which create specific habitat conditions that structure communities. However, the compounded effects such environmental drivers often understudied, thus limiting our understanding processes governing biodiversity, especially desert habitats. Here we show above- factors shape prokaryotic microeukaryotic communities, but these do not appear invertebrate-associated microbiomes. By integrating metabarcoding morphological datasets, found compactness major factor structuring prokaryote microeukaryote assemblages influences abundance genes involved nutrient cycling organic matter decomposition. Despite having lower nitrogen levels, compacted soils displayed significantly higher alpha-diversity than uncompacted habitats across datasets. Different bacterial clades were enriched within nematode lineages (Plectids Tylenchids) highlighting potentially new species-specific nematode-associated taxa. The data suggests less impacted same community respond microscale variations among sampling sites. prevalence functionally diverse bacteria (Mycobacterium) microbiome microbial communities benefit host. Our findings highlight importance assessing elucidate patterns assembly habitats, how fine-scale analyses for host-associated

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia in Antarctic terrestrial invertebrates: Absent or undiscovered?

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6)

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Abstract Interactions between a host organism and its associated microbiota, including symbiotic bacteria, play crucial role in adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Antarctica provides unique environment for the establishment maintenance of relationships. One most extensively studied bacteria invertebrates is Wolbachia pipientis , which with wide variety invertebrates. known manipulating reproduction having obligate or facultative mutualistic relationships various hosts. However, there lack clear understanding prevalence terrestrial Antarctica. We present outcomes literature search information on occurrence each major taxonomic groups (Acari, Collembola, Diptera, Rotifera, Nematoda, Tardigrada). also performed profiling prokaryotes based three marker genes Kraken2 available whole genome sequence data obtained from Antarctic invertebrate samples. found no reports molecular evidence these discuss possible reasons underlying this apparent absence suggest opportunities more targeted future research confirm bacteria's presence absence.

Language: Английский

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