Short-term exposure to PM _2.5 pollution in Iran and related burden diseases

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 13

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The objective of this study was to estimate the health effects attributed PM2.5 exposure in southwest Iran. In order HA-CVD, HA-RD, LC-M, I-As children, RAD, and WDL, exposure-response function method used. annual mean regularly exceeded 5.26-8.5 times from 2021 limit value established by WHO. dominance PM2.5/PM10 ratio decreased -34.6% 2015 2020. results showed that risks HA-CVD (- 51. 9), HA-RD 68.7%), LC-M 43.6%), 52.1%), RAD 56.8%), WDL 58.7%) declined per 105 inhabitants between 2018 2020 . Reducing particulate emissions industries road traffic led lower PM2.5, which will be effective decrease mortality rate.

Language: Английский

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Health impacts of extreme weather events - Cascading risks in a changing climate.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(Suppl 4), P. 33 - 56

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Extreme weather events represent one of the most tangible impacts anthropogenic climate change. They have increased in number and severity a further increase is expected. This accompanied by direct indirect negative consequences for human health.Flooding events, storms droughts are analysed here Germany from systemic perspective on basis comprehensive literature review. Cascading risks beyond initial event also taken into account order to depict downstream consequences.In addition immediate health burdens caused extreme such as injuries, long-term stress-related mental disorders occur. These stresses particularly affect certain vulnerable groups, e.g. older persons, children, pregnant women or first responders.A look at cascading described international allows us develop precautionary measures adaptation Many protect against different same time. In planning measures, these include, above all, increasing population's ability itself through knowledge strengthening social networks.

Language: Английский

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Heat in Germany: Health risks and preventive measures.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(Suppl 4), P. 3 - 32

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Climate change has already led to a significant temperature increase in Germany. The average the past decade was approximately 2°C above pre-industrial level and eight of ten hottest summers since beginning systematic weather records 1881 were recorded last 30 years.Based on selective literature search authors' own results, article summarises current state knowledge heat its health impacts for Germany, addresses adaptation measures, gives an outlook implementation research questions.Heat can aggravate pre-existing conditions such as diseases cardiovascular system, respiratory tract, or kidneys trigger potentially harmful side effects numerous medications. A mortality is regularly observed during events. Previous approaches mitigate impact high temperatures include, example, alerts German Meteorological Service recommendations preparation heat-health action plans.Evidence awareness need heat-related protection have grown recent years, but there still further research.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Climate Change on Allergen and Irritant Exposure

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Evaluation and Correction of PurpleAir Temperature and Relative Humidity Measurements

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 415 - 415

Published: March 27, 2024

The PurpleAir PA-II sensor provides low-cost in situ measurements of meteorological variables including temperature and relative humidity (RH), as well fine particulate matter (PM2.5) real time. sensors have been used several studies investigating intracity differences PM2.5. While the adoption use has many benefits, care must be taken to ensure proper calibration testing. This is true not only for PM2.5 but also RH given synergistic health impacts from extreme heat air pollution exposure. Here, we compare continuous a Campbell Scientific 107 probe Vaisala HMP45C probe. All three instruments were co-located December 2021 June 2023 Asheville, North Carolina. We found that an overall high bias 2.6 °C root mean square error (RMSE) 2.8 °C. Applying linear regression correction reduces RMSE 1.0 °C, while applying constant 4.4 suggested by 2.2 Our low −17.4% uncorrected 18.5%. A improves 4.5%. 4% 14.8%. present new factors differ those PurpleAir, which overcorrect undercorrect bias. show our improve estimates dewpoint (RMSE 0.6 0.9 °C) compared corrections PurpleAir.

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Climate, Atmospheric Pollution, and Natural Disasters on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus in Drylands: A Scoping Review

Public health reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

In the face of escalating global aridification, this study examines complex relationship between climate variability, air pollution, natural disasters, and prevalence cardiovascular disease (CVD) diabetes mellitus (DM) in arid regions.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and health equity: A public health perspective on climate justice.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(Suppl 6), P. 3 - 35

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

The discourse on climate justice has developed from the theoretical approaches and discussions environmental justice. A central tenet of concept is that issues cannot be seen in isolation social justice.A conceptual model was relationship between change impacts, dimensions, adaptive capacities, biological sensitivity, health equity order to systematically analyse Based an exploratory literature review evaluation individual contributions status report health, evidence Germany inequalities exposure impacts vulnerability their direct indirect effects summarised.This paper provides overview international debate examples Germany. Climate sense avoidable, unjust exposure, vulnerability, mitigation adaptation measures still insufficiently addressed Germany.A consistent integration into policy necessary. With reference literature, options for action research needs are identified.

Language: Английский

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Influence of Relative Humidity and Aging on Morphology and Chemical Composition on Biomass Burning Particle

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 230234 - 230234

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Agricultural waste burning is a major source of fine particulate matter (FPM), which remains in long-term suspension the atmosphere during aging processes. This research studied changes size, morphology, and chemical composition FPM produced from rice straw sugarcane leaf effects relative humidity (RH) on process. The was measured using scanning mobility particle sizer mass collected for morphological (transmission electron microscopy) (organic elemental carbon, water-soluble ions) analyses 3, 6, 9 h aging. geometric mean diameter (GMDN) biomass were 95 ± 4 nm (Aitken mode) 133 40 (accumulation mode). changed non-uniform aggregate shapes fresh particles into chain aggregates h-aged particles. dominant components OC2, OC3, NO3–, Na+, K+ under low RH condition (60%). Under high (90%), had larger GMDN significant influence its as observed coated spherical or agglomerated shapes. results showed that process, RH, duration important factors affecting shape, aged

Language: Английский

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Heat Island dynamics and heat stress implications on the population of El-Mansourah conurbation, Egypt: temporal and proposed solutions using MODIS imagery and ENVI-met simulation

Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

In Egypt, El-Mansourah Conurbation (EMC) is the second largest urban complex after Cairo Conurbation. This study focuses on identifying seasonal trends in land surface temperature during daytime/nighttime both and rural areas (RA), as well corresponding heat island (UHI) intensity 2001 to 2021. A time series of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (Terra MODIS) images was analyzed using statistical methods Mann-Kendall test (MKT) Theil-Sen estimator (TSE). The findings showed that diurnal cooling ranged from −0.66 −0.58 °C (p < .01) across all seasons. contrast, nocturnal UHI exhibited a warming trend seasons (except for spring) ranging 0.08 0.16 > .1). Calculations Temperature-Humidity Index decline population comfort over time, especially hot months, while there noticeable amelioration cool ones. To explore potential mitigation strategies, simulation capabilities ENVI-met were utilized. Based simple scenario, ambient Salah Salem Street (SST) decreased by more than 2 °C. One suggestion put forth research implement measures address adverse consequences naturally arise unavoidable dynamics areas.

Language: Английский

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Predicting Ozone Depletion using BIn2O3 With RH based Solid Conductometric Sensor

Global NEST Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

<p>Ozone depletion arises due to the presence of gases like chlorofluorocarbons and halons which are liberated into atmosphere. The region earth’s atmosphere named as ozone shield, in absorbs ultra violet radiations sun. Although, its thickness varies periodically, this layer is primarily located lower stratosphere between 15 35 kms above earth. Due this, ultraviolet rays directly enter earth causes harmful effects little by on both living non-living organisms. In paper, BIn2O3 with rh sensor co precipitation method used detect it based solid-state gas sensors. To achieve excellent performance an detecting branch rh, was designed using a simple method. coprecipitation had deposited 45 50 nanometer. detection limit reduced 30 parts per billion. Further, detector demonstrated high sensitivity selectivity device. rhodium covers surface areas ranges from 0 0.1. It reaches accuracy 96%. According degree coverage, sensors will be response gas. oxygen chemisorbed ability coverage great area highly related sensing behavior. This study paves way for exact ppb level gas.</p>

Language: Английский

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