Evaluation of Drug Permeation Enhancement by Using In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 195 - 195

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Drugs administered by means of extravascular routes drug administration must be absorbed into the systemic circulation, which involves movement molecules across biological barriers such as epithelial cells that cover mucosal surfaces or stratum corneum covers skin. Some drugs exhibit poor permeation membranes may experience excessive degradation during first-pass metabolism, tends to limit their bioavailability. Various strategies have been used improve Absorption enhancement include co-administration chemical enhancers, enzymes, and/or efflux transporter inhibitors, changes, and specialized dosage form designs. Models with physiological relevance are needed evaluate efficacy absorption techniques. in vitro cell culture models ex vivo tissue explored quantify effectiveness strategies. This review deliberates on use for evaluation selected including nasal, oromucosal, pulmonary, oral, rectal, transdermal administration.

Language: Английский

Organ-On-A-Chip Models—New Possibilities in Experimental Science and Disease Modeling

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1569 - 1569

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

‘Organ-on-a-chip’ technology is a promising and rapidly evolving model in biological research. This innovative microfluidic cell culture device was created using microchip with continuously perfused chambers, populated by living cells arranged to replicate physiological processes at the tissue organ levels. By consolidating multicellular structures, tissue–tissue interfaces, physicochemical microenvironments, these microchips can key functions. They also enable high-resolution, real-time imaging analysis of biochemical, genetic, metabolic activities functional contexts. accelerate research into development, physiology disease etiology, therapeutic approaches, drug testing. It enables replication entire functions (e.g., liver-on-a-chip, hypothalamus–pituitary-on-a-chip) or creation models amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-on-a-chip, Parkinson’s disease-on-a-chip) specialized combining them an integrated system. allows for significant reduction number animals used experiments, high reproducibility results, possibility simultaneous use multiple types single model. However, its application requires equipment, advanced expertise, currently incurs costs. Additionally, achieving level standardization needed commercialization remains challenge this stage development.

Language: Английский