Epigenetic alterations in patients with anorexia nervosa—a systematic review

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 7, 2024

Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex metabolic and psychological disorder that influenced by both heritable genetic components environmental factors. Exposure to various influences can lead epigenetically induced changes in gene expression. Epigenetic research AN still its infancy, studies date are limited determining clear, valid links disease onset progression limited. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was compile critically evaluate available results epigenetic specifically provide recommendations for future studies. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, literature search performed three different databases (PubMed, Embase, Web Science) through May 2023. Twenty-three original papers or conference abstracts on were collected. Epigenome-wide association (EWASs), which analyze DNA methylation across genome patients identify potential disease-relevant promoter/regulatory regions genes, most promising research. To date, five EWASs have been published, suggesting reversibility malnutrition-induced once recover. Hence, differential levels could serve as biomarker status early diagnosis might be involved chronification. For research, larger sample size, longitudinal study design uniform methods should contribute understanding pathophysiology AN, development individual interventions better prognosis affected patients.

Language: Английский

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Antidepressant Drugs and Physical Activity: A Possible Synergism in the Treatment of Major Depression?

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 6, 2020

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness that affects 5 to 20% of the general population. Current antidepressant drugs exerts only partial clinical efficacy because approximately 30% depressed patients failed respond these and antidepressants produce remission in patients. This can be explained by fact complex pathophysiology depression has not been completely elucidated, treatments have mainly developed following "monoaminergic hypothesis" without considering key role other factors involved pathogenesis MDD, such as chronic stress neuroinflammation. Chronic acts risk factor for development MDD through impairment neurotrophins signaling brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) transforming-growth-factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Stress-induced pathology contributes altered BDNF level function and, thereby, an neuroplasticity at regional circuit level. Recent studies demonstrate aerobic exercise strongly increases production it may contribute non-pharmacological strategy improve treatment cognitive affective symptoms MDD. Here we will provide overview on possible synergism between physical activity Physical synergize with rescuing neurotrophin patients, promoting neuronal health recovery MDD-related circuits, finally enhancing pharmacotherapeutic response. might particularly relevant elderly late-life depression, subgroup increased develop dementia.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic Targeting of Histone Deacetylases in Diagnostics and Treatment of Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 5398 - 5398

Published: May 20, 2021

Depression is a highly prevalent, disabling, and often chronic illness that places substantial burdens on patients, families, healthcare systems, the economy. A minority of patients are unresponsive to current therapies, so there an urgent need develop more broadly effective, accessible, tolerable therapies. Pharmacological regulation histone acetylation level has been investigated as one potential clinical strategy. Histone status considered diagnostic biomarker for depression, while inhibitors deacetylases (HDACs) have garnered interest novel therapeutics. This review describes recent advances in our knowledge depression therapeutic HDAC inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Oligonucleotides as therapeutic tools for brain disorders: Focus on major depressive disorder and Parkinson's disease

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 107873 - 107873

Published: April 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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MicroRNAs as Critical Biomarkers of Major Depressive Disorder: A Comprehensive Perspective

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1659 - 1659

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) represents a major global health concern, body-mind malady of rising prevalence worldwide nowadays. The complex network mechanisms involved in MDD pathophysiology is subjected to epigenetic changes modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). Serum free or vesicles loaded miRNAs have starred numerous publications, denoting key role cell-cell communication, systematically and brain structure neuronal morphogenesis, activity plasticity. Upregulated downregulated expression these signaling molecules may imply the impairment genes implicated pathways etiopathogenesis (neuroinflammation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotransmitters, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, circadian rhythms...). In addition, could serve as potential biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic predictive value, allowing classify severity disease make decisions clinical management. They been considered promising therapy targets well interfere available antidepressant treatments. As malleable regulators, we also conclude emphasizing lifestyle interventions physical activity, mindfulness diet, opening door new management considerations.

Language: Английский

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Integrated analysis of the chemical-material basis and molecular mechanisms for the classic herbal formula of Lily Bulb and Rehmannia Decoction in alleviating depression

Chinese Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Lily Bulb and Rehmannia Decoction (LBRD), is a traditional Chinese formula that has been shown to be safe effective against depression; however, its material basis pharmacological mechanisms remain unknown.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of pathogenesis and environmental moderators in preclinical models of compulsive-like behaviours

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 106223 - 106223

Published: July 7, 2023

Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRD) is an emergent class of psychiatric illnesses that contribute substantially to the global mental health disease burden. In particular, prototypical illness, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), has a profoundly deleterious effect on quality life those with lived experience. Both clinical preclinical studies have investigated genetic environmental influences contributing pathogenesis disorders. Significant progress been made in recent years our understanding genetics OCD, along critical role common triggers (e.g., stress). Some this can be attributed sophistication rodent models used field, particularly mutant models, which demonstrate promising construct, face predictive validity. However, there paucity investigating how these interact precipitate behavioural, cellular molecular changes occur OCD. review, we assert offer unique opportunity carefully manipulate factors, turn interrogate gene-environment interactions relevant downstream sequelae. Such may serve provide mechanistic framework build complex neuropsychiatric diseases such as Furthermore, pathogenic mechanisms will facilitate precision medicine other future approaches enhance treatment, reduce side-effects therapeutic interventions improve lives suffering from devastating

Language: Английский

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Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response and Remission Using an Ensemble Machine Learning Framework

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 305 - 305

Published: Oct. 13, 2020

In the wake of recent advances in machine learning research, study pharmacogenomics using predictive algorithms serves as a new paradigmatic application. this work, our goal was to explore an ensemble approach which aims predict probable antidepressant treatment response and remission major depressive disorder (MDD). To discover status treatments, we established model with feature selection algorithm resulting from analysis genetic variants clinical variables 421 patients who were treated selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. We also compared framework other state-of-the-art models including multi-layer feedforward neural networks (MFNNs), logistic regression, support vector machine, C4.5 decision tree, naïve Bayes, random forests. Our data revealed that (using fewer biomarkers) performed comparably (such MFNNs regression) derive perplexing relationship between biomarkers treatments. demonstrates may present useful technique create bioinformatics tools for discriminating non-responders responders prior

Language: Английский

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The Importance of Epigenetics in Diagnostics and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 167 - 167

Published: March 1, 2021

Recent studies imply that there is a tight association between epigenetics and molecular mechanism of major depressive disorder (MDD). Epigenetic modifications, i.e., DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification interference microRNA (miRNA) or long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), are able to influence the severity disease outcome therapy. This article summarizes most recent literature data on this topic, usage deacetylases as therapeutic agents with an antidepressant effect miRNAs lncRNAs markers depression. Due noteworthy potential role in MDD diagnostics therapy, we have gathered relevant area.

Language: Английский

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Induced neural progenitor cells and iPS-neurons from major depressive disorder patients show altered bioenergetics and electrophysiological properties

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1217 - 1227

Published: June 22, 2022

Abstract The molecular pathomechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not completely understood. Here, we follow the hypothesis, that mitochondria dysfunction which is inevitably associated with bioenergetic disbalance a risk factor contributes to susceptibility an individual develop MDD. Thus, investigated mechanisms related mitochondrial function in induced neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) were reprogrammed from fibroblasts eight MDD patients and non-depressed controls. We found significantly lower maximal respiration rates, altered cytosolic basal calcium levels, smaller soma size NPCs derived patients. These findings partially consistent our earlier observations patient-derived fibroblasts. Furthermore, differentiated control into iPS-neurons analyzed their passive biophysical active electrophysiological properties investigate whether can be activity bioenergetics. Interestingly, showed membrane capacitance, less hyperpolarized potential, increased Na + current density spontaneous electrical activity. Our indicate functional differences evident present after reprogramming induced-NPCs, could relate thus might aetiology disorder.

Language: Английский

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