Mental Health and Social Contact During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study

Clinical Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 340 - 354

Published: June 7, 2021

For many students, the COVID-19 pandemic caused once-in-a-lifetime disruptions of daily life. In March 2020, during beginning outbreak in Netherlands, we used ecological momentary assessment to follow 80 undergraduate students four times per day for 14 days assess mental health, social contact, and COVID-19-related variables. Despite rapidly increasing rates infections deaths, observed decreases anxiety, loneliness, concerns, especially first few days. Other health variables, such as stress levels, remained stable, whereas depressive symptoms increased. social-distancing measures implemented by Dutch government halfway through our study, showed no changes frequency in-person activities. Dynamic network models identified potential vicious cycles between variables being alone, which predicted concerns about was followed further problems. Findings implications are discussed detail.

Language: Английский

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Advancing the Understanding of Suicide: The Need for Formal Theory and Rigorous Descriptive Research

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 704 - 716

Published: July 14, 2020

Language: Английский

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How to Translate a Verbal Theory Into a Formal Model

Social Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 207 - 218

Published: July 1, 2020

Abstract. Turning verbal theories into formal models is an essential business of a mature science. Here I elaborate on taxonomies models, provide ten lessons for translating theory model, and discuss the specific challenges involved in collaborations between modelers non-modelers. It’s start.

Language: Английский

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Lack of theory building and testing impedes progress in the factor and network literature

Published: Feb. 7, 2020

The last decade has brought reforms to improve methodological practices, with the goal increase reliability and replicability of effects. However, explanations effects remain scarce, a growing chorus scholars argues that crisis distracted from theory. In same decade, empirical literature using factor network models grown rapidly. I discuss three ways in which this falls short theory building testing. First, statistical theoretical are conflated, leading invalid inferences such as existence psychological constructs based on models, or recommendations for clinical interventions models. demonstrate inferential gap simulation study equivalence: excellent model fit does little corroborate theory, regardless quality quantity data. Second, researchers fail explicate theories about constructs, but use implicit causal beliefs guide inferences. These latent have led problematic best practices research where drawn one specific is assumed, not explicated. Third, explicated often weak theories: narrative imprecise descriptions vulnerable hidden assumptions unknowns. They make clear predictions, it remains unclear whether not. Weak immune refutation revision. argue these challenges testing common harmful, impede formation, failure, reform. A renewed focus psychology formal offers way forward.

Language: Английский

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Intervening on psychopathology networks: Evaluating intervention targets through simulations

Methods, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 29 - 37

Published: Nov. 15, 2021

Identifying the different influences of symptoms in dynamic psychopathology models may hold promise for increasing treatment efficacy clinical applications. Dynamic study behavioral patterns symptom networks, where mutually enforce each other. Interventions could be tailored to specific that are most effective at lowering activity or hinder further development psychopathology. Simulating interventions network fits a novel tradition symptom-specific perturbations used as silico interventions. Here, we present NodeIdentifyR algorithm (NIRA) identify projected efficient, intervention target model (i.e., Ising model). We implemented NIRA freely available R package. The technique studies effects by simulating data while parameters thresholds) systematically altered. effect these is defined terms expected change overall across simulations. With this algorithm, it possible (1) whether differ their influence on behavior and, if so, (2) which has largest activation. As an illustration, apply empirical dataset containing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder assessments participants who experienced Wenchuan earthquake 2008. important limitations method discussed, well recommendations future research, such shifting towards modeling individual processes validate types simulation-based methods.

Language: Английский

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The dynamics, processes, mechanisms, and functioning of personality: An overview of the field

British Journal of Psychology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 112(1), P. 1 - 51

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Personality psychology has long focused on structural trait models, but it can also offer a rich understanding of the dynamics, processes, mechanisms, and functioning individual differences or entire persons. The field personality which works towards such an understanding, experienced renaissance in last two decades. This review article seeks to act as primer that field. It covers its historical roots, summarizes current research strands – along with their theoretical backbones methodologies accessible way, sketches some considerations for future. In doing so, we introduce relevant concepts, give overview different topics phenomena subsumed under broad umbrella term ‘dynamics’, highlight interdisciplinarity well applied relevance We hope this serve useful scholars within outside who are interested dynamic nature human behaviour experience.

Language: Английский

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Ten steps toward a better personality science – how quality may be rewarded more in research evaluation

Personality Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: May 6, 2022

This target article is part of a theme bundle including open peer commentaries (https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.9227) and rejoinder by the authors (https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7961). We point out ten steps that we think will go long way in improving personality science. The first five focus on fostering consensus regarding (1) research goals, (2) terminology, (3) measurement practices, (4) data handling, (5) current state theory evidence. other credibility empirical research, through (6) formal modelling, (7) mandatory pre-registration for confirmatory claims, (8) replication as routine practice, (9) planning informative studies (e.g., terms statistical power), (10) making data, analysis scripts, materials openly available. current, quantity-based incentive structure academia clearly stands implementing many these resulting literature with sometimes questionable utility and/or integrity. As solution, propose more quality-based reward scheme explicitly weights published its Good Science merits. Scientists need to be increasingly rewarded doing good work, not just lots work.

Language: Английский

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Heterogeneity in suicide risk: Evidence from personalized dynamic models

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 104574 - 104574

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Towards a Generative Model for Emotion Dynamics

Published: March 17, 2023

Most theories of emotion suggest that emotions are reactions to situations we encounter in daily life. Process further specify a feedback loop between our environment, attention, emotions, and action clarifies the adaptive nature emotions. In principle, such process describe how develop life, consequently, measures collected from individuals many times day studies using Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) should be highly useful advancing these theories. However, current predominantly verbal therefore do not make clear predictions about data. this paper, take first step towards generative model dynamics by formalizing link which provides us with basic We show incomplete already reproduces nine empirical phenomena time series related (temporal) statistical associations their distributional form. then discuss can draw on existing (process) extend into complete dynamics. Finally, models facilitate theory development advance measurement, study design, analysis.

Language: Английский

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Network Analysis in Psychopathology: Theoretical Perspectives and Practical Challenges

Trends in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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