Bidirectional dynamics of mood, reward, effort and exploration in naturalistic task environments DOI Open Access
Shosuke Suzuki, Jonathan Ryan, Yuk Fai Cheong

et al.

Published: June 29, 2023

Despite the broad literature examining causes and consequences of mood, concept mood remains to be ambiguous. Prior work suggests that reward, effort, exploration each contribute are affect by yet there is no comprehensive model synthesizes its relationship with these interacting elements motivated behaviour. Here, across four samples human participants (total N = 399) completing a virtual task, we found effort expenditure, exploration, reward independently predicted momentary mood. Specifically, increased more positive irrespective outcome or demands. Importantly, appeared have dual, opposing effects on mood: On one hand, expenditure negative other subsequent only when foraging required effort. Mood, in turn, was positively associated but not suggesting selectively influences exploratory tendencies. These findings advance our understanding shed light paradoxical nature as having both value-enhancing discounting effects.

Language: Английский

A distributed subcortical circuit linked to instrumental information-seeking about threat DOI Creative Commons
Hailey A. Trier, Nima Khalighinejad, Sorcha Hamilton

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(3)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Daily life for humans and other animals requires switching between periods of threat- reward-oriented behavior. We investigated neural activity associated with spontaneous switching, in a naturalistic task, foraging rewards seeking information about potential threats 7T fMRI healthy humans. Switching was driven by estimates likelihood threat reward. Both tracking to vigilant mode which people sought more were specific but distributed patterns spanning habenula, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), anterior cingulate cortex, insula cortex. Different aspects the linked monitoring level, threat, actual detection. A distinct pattern same circuit elsewhere occurred during returns Individual variation DRN reflected individual threats.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The influence of anxiety on exploration: A review of computational modeling studies DOI Open Access

Ko-Ping Chou,

Robert C. Wilson, Ryan Smith

et al.

Published: June 24, 2024

Exploratory behaviors can serve an adaptive role within novel or changing environments. Namely, they facilitate information gain, allowing organism to maintain accurate beliefs about the environment and select actions that better maximize reward. However, finding optimal balance between exploration reward-seeking behavior – so-called explore-exploit dilemma be challenging, as it requires sensitivity one’s own uncertainty predictability of surroundings. Here, we review computational modeling studies investigating how is influenced by anxiety. While some apparent inconsistencies remain resolved, using reinforcement learning tasks suggest directed (but not random) forms may elevated trait and/or cognitive anxiety, but reduced state somatic Anxiety also consistently associated with less in foraging tasks. Some differences further stem from anxiety modulates changes over time (learning rates). Jointly, these results highlight important directions for future work refining choice measures maintaining consistent methodology across studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
The influence of anxiety on exploration: A review of computational modeling studies DOI

Ko-Ping Chou,

Robert C. Wilson, Ryan Smith

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 105940 - 105940

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Neural signatures of risk-taking adaptions across health, bipolar disorder, and lithium treatment DOI Creative Commons
Jacqueline Scholl, Priyanka Panchal, Natalie Nelissen

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Abstract Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BD) its treatment are still poorly understood. Here we examined the role of adaptations in risk-taking using a reward-guided decision-making task. We recruited volunteers with high ( n = 40) scores on Mood Disorder Questionnaire, MDQ, suspected risk for those low-risk 37). also patients diagnosed BD who were assigned (randomized, double-blind) to six weeks lithium 19) or placebo 16) after two-week baseline period 22 FMRI). Participants completed mood ratings daily over 50 (MDQ study) 42 (BD days, as well risky task functional magnetic resonance imaging. The measured adaptation taking past outcomes (increased aversion previous win vs. loss, ‘outcome history’). While low MDQ group was averse win, this less evident least so BD. During fMRI, history’ linked medial frontal pole activation at time decision reduced group. did not reverse pattern task, nor changed clinical symptoms mania depression, it reward processing dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Participants’ modulation response function These results provide model how may prime escalation risk-related behaviours stabilising treatments work.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Friend Request Accepted: Fundamental Features of Social Environments Determine Rate of Social Affiliation DOI Creative Commons
Sankalp Garud, Miruna Rascu, Sorcha Hamilton

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Abstract Humans start new friendships and social connections throughout their lives such relationships foster mental physical well-being. While friendship initiation may depend on alignment of subtle complex personal variables, here we investigated whether it also depends basic features environments. This would be analogous to other fundamental behaviours like foraging which the environment as density opportunities likelihood success. In a pre-registered online study (n=783), found people were more likely send friend requests decreased frequency success increased. Further, task-related measures, overall requests, correlated with personality-related factors thriving anhedonia. Next, in an ultra-high-field fMRI (n=24), that both environments – opportunity affected neural activity across network regions linked including dorsal raphe nucleus, substantia nigra, anterior insula. Finally, resting-state data (n=400), showed model predicted estimates anhedonia related functional connectivity between components same network. Thus, humans consider background statistics while making decisions these are ancient subcortical circuits mediating influence environmental aspects behaviour. Moreover, individual differences how behaviour associated variation personality psychiatric traits, offering insights into inter-individual variability functioning.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Critical intelligence: computing defensive behaviour DOI Creative Commons
Jules Brochard, Peter Dayan, Dominik R. Bach

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106213 - 106213

Published: May 1, 2025

Characterising the mechanisms underlying naturalistic defensive behavior remains a significant challenge. While substantial progress has been made in unravelling neural basis of tightly constrained behaviors, critical gap persists our comprehension circuits that implement algorithms capable generating diverse responses observed outside experimental restrictions. Recent advancements neuroscience technology now allow for an unprecedented examination behaviour. To help provide theoretical grounding this nascent programme, we summarise main computational and statistical challenges decision making, encapsulated concept intelligence. Next, drawing from extensive literature biology, machine learning, theory, explore range candidate solutions to these challenges. proposed offer insights into potential adaptive strategies, they also present inherent trade-offs limitations their applicability across different biological contexts. Ultimately, propose series experiments designed differentiate between solutions, providing roadmap future investigations fundamental utilized by agents implementation. Thus, work aims towards broader understanding how complex behaviors are orchestrated brain, with implications both research development more sophisticated artificial intelligence systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
On the role of behavioural modes during temporally extended decision-making and their neural substrates DOI Creative Commons
Nils Kolling, Jacqueline Scholl

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 101404 - 101404

Published: May 31, 2024

Everyday decision-making is broader than the types commonly studied in laboratory. For example, food preference or gambling tasks lack many essential elements of decisions frequently faced by animals and humans alike. Those often require self-organization temporally extended behaviours, resulting sequential dependencies, a need to adjust for changing environments an ability balance behavioural flexibility with consistent strategies. Here, we highlight how modes help achieve adaptive distinguish between different reasons mode mechanisms shifts maintenance. We potential role emotions as mechanism changes prioritize suggest experimental design analyses that could understand brain behaviour more self-organized contexts, which will be crucial better understanding real-world prefrontal cortex function.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Differential relationship between meditation methods and psychotic-like and mystical experiences DOI Creative Commons
Timothy Palmer,

Kenza Kadri,

É. Fakra

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. e0309357 - e0309357

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Much work has investigated beneficial effects of mindfulness-based meditation methods, but less potential risks and differences across methods. We addressed this in a large pre-registered online survey including 613 mediators where we correlated participants’ experience with fifty techniques to psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) mystical experiences. found positive correlation for both PLEs aiming at reducing phenomenological content (‘null-directed’, NDM) or classified as non-dual embodied. In contrast, methods achieving an enhanced cognitive state (CDM), also described ‘attentional’ strongly embodied, showed negative correlations PLEs. Interestingly, subjectively perceived that all types were preventative so NDM. Participants differed their reasons meditating, broadly grouped into associated spiritual exploration health. who meditated more likely choose NDM participants health-related CDM techniques. This study provides important information meditators about the relationship different moderating influences individual traits.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
An ancient subcortical circuit decides when to orient to threat in humans DOI Creative Commons
Hailey A. Trier, Nima Khalighinejad, Sorcha Hamilton

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

Abstract Many psychiatric symptoms have been linked to threat-related perception and learning processes. In addition, however, there may also be mechanisms for balancing effectively between threat- reward-related behaviors these vary individuals. We investigated neural activity associated with spontaneous switching foraging rewards vigilance threats 7T fMRI. a virtual naturalistic environment, participants freely switched the two modes of behavior. Switching was driven by estimates likelihood threat reward. Both tracking were specific but distributed patterns spanning habenula, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), anterior cingulate cortex, insula cortex. Distinct heralded returns reward-oriented Individual variation in DRN reflected individual vigilance. All replicated an initially held-out portion data.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Computational Mechanisms of Information-Seeking in Anxiety DOI

Ko-Ping Chou,

Ryan Smith

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0