Invited review: Bovine colostrum, a promising ingredient for humans and animals—Properties, processing technologies, and uses

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(8), P. 5197 - 5217

Published: June 1, 2023

Mammalian colostrum, known as "liquid gold," is considered a valuable source of essential nutrients, growth factors, probiotics, prebiotics, antibodies, and other bioactive compounds. Precisely for this reason, bovine colostrum (BC) an emerging ingredient the feed, food, pharmaceutical industries, being nowadays commercially available in variety forms several countries. Moreover, quite large number functional foods supplements athletes, human medicines, pet nutrition plans, complementary feed some livestock categories, such piglets calves, contain BC. The amount BC yielded by cow after calving represents approximately 0.5% yearly output dairy breeds. For its nutritional properties low availability, characterized greater market value increasing demand compared with by-products sector. However, information regarding size food well future developments perspectives, scarcely scientific literature. This lack can be attributed to industrial secrecy relatively small scale business when products, which makes limited, specific, intended restricted audience. From legal perspective, regulations assign family milk-derived powders; thus, collecting specific production data, import-export trend information, not straightforward result unprecise estimates. Given that interest different fields, it important have overview steps pros cons ingredient. present narrative review discloses why has started product rather than by-product industry. document aims summarize existing methodologies used assess quality terms immunoglobulin concentration, applications industry, processing technologies. Finally, panoramic view current international provided first time product.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Bovine Colostrum Components and Selected Aspects Regarding Their Impact on Neonatal Calf Physiology

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1130 - 1130

Published: April 8, 2024

Colostrum contains macro- and micronutrients necessary to meet the nutritional energy requirements of neonatal calf, bioactive components that intervene in several physiological aspects, cells microorganisms modulate calf’s immune system gut microbiome. is sometimes mistaken as transition milk, which, although more nutritive than whole has a distinct biochemical composition. Furthermore, most research about colostrum quality management focuses on transfer maternal IgG newborn calf. The remaining milk have not received same attention, despite their importance animal. In this narrative review, large body literature bovine was reviewed. variability these summarized, emphasizing specific warrant deeper exploration. addition, effects each component present key aspects calf are discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence to Predict Mineral Content in Untreated Bovine Plasma

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1133 - 1133

Published: April 14, 2025

Minerals and trace elements are vital for numerous physiological processes in mammals. The current reference analysis mineral determination biological matrices is inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This costly, time-consuming, destructive. While commercial kits a viable alternative to ICP-MS due the lower cost, their limit lies ability of determining only one at time. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) has been proposed as potential rapid concentration matrices. study evaluated accuracy ED-XRF an diagnostic predict concentrations sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, chloride, potassium, calcium, iron, selenium cattle without sample pretreatment, potentially reducing time compared costs labor ICP-MS. Reference were determined 277 samples using vitro diagnostics regulation-certified kits. results indicated moderate prediction potassium. For other minerals, was insufficient, which suggests that some degree preparation necessary improve minerals plasma.

Language: Английский

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Development of prediction equations for IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations in mature milk from Holstein cows using milk infrared spectral data

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Milk phenomics: leveraging biological bonds with blood and infrared technologies for evaluating animal nutritional and health status

Italian Journal of Animal Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 780 - 801

Published: June 3, 2024

Over recent decades, there was a substantial evolution in the productive management of dairy animals worldwide with consequent boost individual milk yield. This positioned production as central metabolic priority around which all other physiological functions are coordinated and partially minimised. shift underscores crucial role effectively managing stressful phases intensive farming systems, also highlighting resilience exhibited by animals. Indeed, monitoring nutritional health status becomes paramount, aiming for an early detection (sub)clinical impairments. Given mammary gland's centrality high-yielding breeds, it's unsurprising that matrix provides insights about udder itself but systemic function. The emerging field phenomics explores links between components animal health, holding great promise studying cow resilience. use infrared spectroscopy on to predict indicators complex traits at herd level is promising approach. In sector, available instruments mainly implement Fourier transform (FTIR) spectroscopy. method widely employed recording schemes breeding purposes. addition, visible near-infrared (NIR) increasingly integrated into milking systems daily on-farm quality animals' status. review examines topic together potential challenges related disorders exploiting biological bonds exist blood

Language: Английский

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Minerals and essential amino acids of bovine colostrum: Phenotypic variability and predictive ability of mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(12), P. 8341 - 8356

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Colostrum quality and volume are fundamental for calves because it is the primary supplier of antibodies first source energy, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins newborn. Assessing detailed composition (i.e., AA mineral content) bovine colostrum (BC) on-line at a reasonable cost would help dairy stakeholders such as farmers or veterinarians precision feeding purposes industries producing preparations containing BC foodstuff, supplements, medicaments. In present study we evaluated mid- (MIRS) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction ability individual BC. Second, investigated major factors affecting phenotypic variability traits also evaluating correlations with Ig concentration. Results demonstrated that MIRS NIRS were able to provide sufficiently accurate predictions all AA. The coefficient determination in external validation (R2V) fell, fact, within range 0.70 0.86, exception Ile, His, Met. Only some minerals reached sufficient accuracy Ca, P, S, Mg; R2V ≥ 0.66) using MIRS, S (R2V = 0.87) NIRS. Phenotypically, both parity calving season affected these traits. Heifers' was one greatest concentration Ca 2 most abundant minerals. These however very low cows summer compared rest year. pattern across parities not linear, likely their scarcely (or not) by effects. Finally, samples characterized high IgG those presenting on average greater Findings suggest infrared has potential be used predict certain outlining possibility implementing on-site analyses evaluation broad-sense quality.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of the Variability of Bovine Colostrum Components and Their Effect on Neonatal Calf Physiology

Published: March 8, 2024

Most research on colostrum quality and management focuses maternal IgG transfer to the newborn calf. However, in addition being a source of antibodies, has other components that influence passive immune transfer, nutrition, gut maturation, thermoregulation. In this review, constituents bovine colostrum, as well their variation, are explored it is discussed biological role Protein nutrient higher concentration fat with most variation. There pronounced amplitude total solids content but average does not vary much between studies (24.7%). Bovine major can several factors, such region, season, breed, dry period length, nutritional aspects dam. Bioactive components, cells, microbiome variability less understood, besides IgG. Regardless, they play crucial distinct roles physiological development newborn. multi-interactive effect these microorganisms more likely occur. Recently researched like miRNA, nucleo(t)sides, milk globule membrane, oligosaccharides, minor proteins, examples promising interest areas study.

Language: Английский

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The ability of a handheld near-infrared spectrometer to do a rapid quality assessment of bovine colostrum, including the immunoglobulin G concentration

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 107(7), P. 4344 - 4356

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Portable infrared-based instruments have made important contributions in different research fields. Within the dairy supply chain, for example, most of portable devices are based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and nowadays an support farmers operators sector, allowing fast real-time decision-making, particularly feed milk quality evaluation animal health welfare monitoring. The affordability, portability, ease use these been pivotal factors their implementation farm. In fact, pocket-sized enable nonexpert users to perform quick, low-cost, nondestructive analysis various matrixes without complex preparation. Because bovine colostrum (BC) is mostly given by IgG level, evaluating ability NIRS tools measure antibody concentration advisable. this study we used wireless device SCiO manufactured Consumer Physics Inc. (Tel Aviv, Israel) collect BC spectra then attempt predict gross fine composition individual samples collected immediately after calving (<6 h) primiparous pluriparous Holstein cows 9 Italian farms. Chemometric analyses revealed that has promising predictive performance colostral concentration, total Ig fat, AA. coefficient determination cross-validation (R

Language: Английский

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