Novel pathogen introduction rapidly alters evolved movement strategies, restructuring animal societies

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2022

Abstract Animal sociality emerges from individual decisions on how to balance the costs and benefits of being sociable. Movement strategies incorporating social information — presence status neighbours can modulate spatial associations, helping animals avoid infection while benefiting indirect about their environment. When a novel pathogen is introduced into population, it should increase sociality, selecting against gregariousness. Yet current thinking introductions wildlife neglects hosts’ potential evolutionary responses. We built an individual-based model that captures essential features repeated introduction, subsequent transmission infectious among hosts. Examining movements in foraging context, widely shared by many species, we show introducing population provokes rapid transition dynamic distancing movement strategy. This shift triggers disease-dominated ecological cascade increased movement, decreased resource harvesting, fewer encounters. Pathogen-risk adapted individuals form less clustered networks than pathogen-risk naive ancestors, which reduces spread disease. The mix post-introduction influenced usefulness disease cost. Our work demonstrates adaptation re-introductions be very rapid, comparable timescales. general modelling framework shows why dynamics considered movement-disease models, offers initial predictions for eco-evolutionary consequences spillover scenarios.

Language: Английский

Social situations differ in their contribution to population-level social structure in griffon vultures

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 27, 2022

Animal social relationships emerge from interactions in multiple ecological situations. However, we seldom ask how each situation contributes to the structure of a population or position individuals. Griffon vultures interact situations, including when roosting, flying, and feeding. These can influence population-level outcomes such as disease transmission information sharing. We examined contribution individuals’ positions using GPS-tracking. found that number individuals vulture interacted with was best predicted by diurnal interactions. strength bonds on ground – both during day at night but not while flying. Thus, situations differ their impact form. Given conservation importance vultures, these findings inform wildlife management actions.

Language: Английский