Screening for lung cancer: 2023 guideline update from the American Cancer Society

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 50 - 81

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality and person‐years life lost from among US men women. Early detection has been shown to be associated with reduced lung mortality. Our objective was update American Cancer Society (ACS) 2013 screening (LCS) guideline for adults at high risk cancer. The intended provide guidance health care providers their patients who are due a history smoking. ACS Guideline Development Group (GDG) utilized systematic review LCS literature commissioned Preventive Services Task Force 2021 recommendation update; second years since quitting smoking (YSQ); published 2021; two Intervention Surveillance Modeling Network‐validated models assess benefits harms screening; an epidemiologic modeling analysis examining effect YSQ aging on risk; updated benefit‐to‐radiation‐risk ratios follow‐up examinations. GDG also examined disease burden data National Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results program. Formulation recommendations based quality evidence judgment (incorporating values preferences) about balance harms. judged that overall moderate sufficient support strong individuals meet eligibility criteria. in women aged 50–80 reduction deaths across range study designs, inferential supports older than 80 good health. recommends annual low‐dose computed tomography asymptomatic currently smoke or formerly smoked have ≥20 pack‐year ( , ). Before decision made initiate LCS, should engage shared decision‐making discussion qualified professional. For smoked, number not criterion begin stop screening. Individuals receive counseling quit connected cessation resources. comorbid conditions substantially limit expectancy screened. These considered by discussions LCS. If fully implemented, these likelihood significantly reducing death suffering United States.

Language: Английский

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Lung Cancer Screening in the US, 2022

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 10, 2024

Importance The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography in high-risk individuals (age 50-80 years, ≥20 pack-years currently smoking or formerly smoked, and quit <15 years ago) for early detection of LC. However, representative state-level LCS data are unavailable nationwide. Objective To estimate the contemporary prevalence up-to-date (UTD) nationwide across 50 states District Columbia. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used from 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) population-based, nationwide, state-representative survey respondents aged to 79 who were eligible according 2021 USPSTF eligibility criteria. Data analysis was performed October 1, 2023, March 20, 2024. Main Outcomes Measures main outcome self-reported UTD-LCS (defined as past-year) criteria years. Adjusted ratios (APRs) 95% CIs compared differences. Results Among 25 958 sample (median [IQR] age, 62 [11] years), 61.5% reported smoking, 54.4% male, 64.4% 60 older, 53.0% had a high school education less. 18.1% overall, but varied (range, 9.7%-31.0%), relatively lower levels southern characterized by LC mortality burden. increased age (50-54 years: 6.7%; 70-79 27.1%) number comorbidities (≥3: 24.6%; none: 8.7%). A total 3.7% those without insurance 5.1% usual source care UTD LCS, Medicaid expansions (APR, 2.68; CI, 1.30-5.53) higher capacity (high vs low: APR, 1.93; 1.36-2.75) associated prevalence. Conclusions Relevance BRFSS found that overall low. Disparities largest health access geographically states, low findings suggest state-based initiatives expand facilities may be improved rates reduced disparities.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (huang qi) and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (dang gui) in Ameliorating Hypoxia and Angiogenesis to Delay Pulmonary Nodule Malignant Transformation

Integrative Cancer Therapies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Screening for pulmonary nodules (PN) using low-dose CT has proven effective in reducing lung cancer (LC) mortality. However, current treatments relying on follow-up and surgical excision fail to fully address clinical needs. Pathological angiogenesis plays a pivotal role supplying oxygen necessary the progression of PN LC. The interplay between hypoxia establishes vicious cycle, rendering anti-angiogenesis therapy alone insufficient prevent LC transformation. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is referred as "Feiji," which mainly attributed Qi blood deficiency, correspondingly, most commonly prescribed medicines are Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (huang qi) (AR) Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (dang gui) (ARS). Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that AR ARS possess immune-enhancing, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic properties. precise mechanisms through exert effects delay remain inadequately understood. This review explores critical roles transition from It emphasizes that, compared therapies targeting angiogenic growth factors alone, AR, ARS, their compound-based prescriptions offer additional benefits. These include ameliorating by restoring composition, enhancing vascular structure, accelerating circulation, promoting normalization, blocking or inhibiting various pro-angiogenic expressions receptor interactions. Collectively, these actions inhibit PN-to-LC Finally, this summarizes recent advancements related research, identifies existing limitations gaps knowledge, proposes potential strategies recommendations challenges.

Language: Английский

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Non-small cell lung cancer in ever-smokers vs never-smokers

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Non-small cell lung (NSCLC) comprises 85% cases with rising incidence among never-smokers (NS). This study seeks to compare clinical, imaging, pathology, and outcomes between NS ever-smokers (S) NSCLC patients identify significant differences if any. Retrospective cohort 155 (88 S 67 NS). The main predictor was smoking. Clinical, pathology findings were evaluated at initial biopsy for staging. primary outcome all-cause mortality, the secondary 12-month progression-free survival. Imaging: had similar nodule size (0.81), calcification (> 0.99), invasion adjacent structures 0.99) (p values). slightly trended more commonly involve RLL vs RUL = 0.11). higher numbers extrathoracic metastases staging 0.055). Pathology: adenocarcinoma compared S, who equal squamous carcinoma 0.001). Rates lymphovascular pleural 0.84 0.28). Initial staging: often initially diagnosed stage IV disease 0.046), positive nodal 0.002), metastatic 0.004). Outcomes: non-significant trend toward worse survival (rate ratio 1.31, p 0.31; HR 1.33, 1-year mortality (HR 1.06, 0.90). nearly double risk in 5 years 1.73, 0.056) 10 1.77, 0.02). Median 6.6 3.9 surviving 2.7 longer on average 0.045). CT features S. adenopathy, distant metastases, biopsy. Despite first post-diagnosis. Retrospectively registered.

Language: Английский

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The present and future of lung cancer screening: latest evidence

Future Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: May 9, 2025

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early lung detection improves and survival. This report summarizes presentations panel discussions from a webinar, "The Present Future Cancer Screening: Latest Evidence AI Perspectives." The webinar provided perspectives experts United States, Kingdom, China on evidence-based recommendations management in screening (LCS), barriers, role artificial intelligence (AI). With several countries now incorporating utilization their programs, offers potential solutions to some challenges associated with LCS.

Language: Английский

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Berbamine As Potential STING Inhibitor For KRAS-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107777 - 107777

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Racial disparities in staging, treatment, and mortality in non-small cell lung cancer

Translational Lung Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 76 - 94

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Black race is associated with advanced stage at diagnosis and increased mortality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most studies focus on alone, without accounting for social determinants of health (SDOH). We explored the hypothesis that racial disparities outcomes are SDOH influence treatment decisions by patients providers. Methods: Patients NSCLC newly diagnosed Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center (IUSCCC) from January 1, 2000 to May 31, 2015 were studied. Multivariable regression analyses conducted examine impact (race, gender, insurance status, marital status) stage, time treatment, receipt reasons not receiving guideline concordant 5-year overall survival (OS) based Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: A total 3,349 subjects included study, 12.2% race. Those advanced-stage had a significantly higher odds being male, uninsured, Black. Five-year OS was lower those race, single, Medicare/Medicaid insurance, stage. Adjusted multiple variables, individuals Medicare, Medicare/Medicaid, widowed, diagnosis, time. Black, uninsured less likely receive appropriate disease. [odds ratio (OR): 3.876, P<0.001], Medicaid (OR: 3.039, P=0.0017), 1.779, P=0.0377) curative-intent surgery early-stage because it recommended treatment. Conclusions: found racial, socioeconomic stage-appropriate discordance curative intent NSCLC. While type status worse OS, alone not. This suggests differences may be but rather disproportionately affecting individuals. Efforts understand failure vulnerable populations needed ensure equitable care.

Language: Английский

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A Hybrid Framework of Transformer Encoder and Residential Conventional for Cardiovascular Disease Recognition Using Heart Sounds

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 123099 - 123113

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Volume Estimation of Lung Cancer using Image-J For CT-Scan Image

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 13 - 13

Published: May 2, 2024

<p class="AbstractHeading">ABSTRACT</p><p class="Keywords">Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the lower respiratory system, including cells walls of bronchi and bronchioles. Lung originates from genetic changes lungs. Improper treatment lung can cause to spread other nearby tissues around By conducting early detection cancer, it will help patients get appropriate treatment. One medical instruments used detect CT-Scan. This instrument’s examination provide information about location, size, characteristics tumor, lymph node spread, tissue infiltration into surroundings, thus helping determine clinical stage cancer. Organ size determination one analysis pulmonary image for diagnostic therapeutic purposes. The purpose this study was obtain on volume based results CT Scan images using Image J software. Information edges lungs affected by carried out edge method. show Image-J software clear picture accurate at each slice. Based calculations obtained 1st patient, calculated have 128 cm³, 2nd patient 447 cm³ 3rd 335 respectively.</p><p class="Keywords">Keywords: Ct image; cancer; detection; analysis; J</p><p class="Abstrak">ABSTRAK</p><p class="Keywords">Kanker paru merupakan ganas yang berkembang pada sistem pernapasan bagian bawah, termasuk sel-sel di dinding bronkus dan bronkiolus. Kanker berawal dari perubahan genetik sel dalam paru-paru. Penanganan kanker tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan menyebar ke jaringan lain terdekat sekitar Dengan dilakukan pendeteksian dini paru, maka akan sangat membantu penderita agar mendapatkan penanganan cepat tepat. Salah satu instrumen medis digunakan untuk mendeteksi adalah pesawat Pemeriksaan CT-Scan memberikan informasi tentang lokasi, ukuran, karakteristik penyebaran kelenjar getah bening, infiltrasi sekitarnya sehingga penetapan stadium klinis paru. Penentuan ukuran organ salah analisa terhadap citra keperluan diagnosa terapi. Tujuan penelitian ini memperoleh berdasarkan hasil menggunakan J. Informasi gambaran tepi terkena dengan metode deteksi tepi. Hasil menunjukan bahwa jelas diperoleh akurat setiap irisan citra. Berdasarkan perhitungan didapatkan pasien ke-1 terhitung memiliki sebesar ke-2 ke-3 cm³.</p><p class="Keywords">Kata kunci: Scan; paru; tepi; analisis volume; J</p>

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Comparison of the characteristics of the population eligible for lung cancer screening under 2013 and population newly eligible under 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations

Cancer Causes & Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(9), P. 1233 - 1243

Published: May 8, 2024

In 2021, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) revised their 2013 recommendations for lung cancer screening eligibility by lowering pack-year history from 30+ to 20+ pack-years and recommended age 55 50 years. Simulation studies suggest that Black persons females will benefit most these changes, but it is unclear how USPSTF impact geographic, health-related, other sociodemographic characteristics of those eligible.

Language: Английский

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