The current application of ecological connectivity in the design of marine protected areas

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17, P. e00569 - e00569

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an area-based conservation strategy commonly used to safeguard marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Ecological connectivity governs the exchange of individuals among spatially fragmented habitats is often highlighted as important element in design MPAs. However, degree which measured or modelled representations applied management decisions worldwide remains unclear. We reviewed scientific literature explore application MPAs located six countries regions with advanced spatial planning. Only 11% 746 we examined considered ecological criterion, increasingly so since 2007. Landscape measures such habitat linkages were most frequently by managers genetic modelling approaches scientists. Of that connectivity, 71% for state reserves California commonwealth Australia. This pattern indicates substantial geographic bias. propose incorporation planning needs become more accessible practitioners provide four recommendations together will allow scientists bridge this gap: 1. determine whether prioritize 2. identify role MPA supporting 3. appropriate temporal scale 4. improve regional knowledge patterns. also a framework facilitate communication metrics patterns between apply best available information adaptive networks

Language: Английский

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Estimating effective population size of large marine populations, is it feasible?

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 189 - 198

Published: Nov. 25, 2018

Abstract Sustainable exploitation of marine populations is a challenging task relying on information about their current and past abundance. Fisheries‐related data can be scarce unreliable making them unsuitable for quantitative modelling. One fishery independent method that has attracted attention in this context consists estimating the effective population size ( N e ), concept founded genetics. We reviewed recent empirical studies carried out simulation study to evaluate feasibility large fish with currently available methods. The detailed review 26 found published values were very similar despite differences species total sizes ). Genetic simulations an age‐structured range samples sizes, was estimated using Linkage Disequilibrium method. results showed already medium‐sized (1 million individuals) common sample (50 individuals), negative estimates likely occur which real applications commonly interpreted as indicating (infinite) . Moreover, average, negatively biased. further indicated around 1% number individuals might have sampled ensure sufficiently precise For populations, implies rather (several thousands millions individuals). If however such collected, many more parameters than only could estimated.

Language: Английский

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Random PCR‐based genotyping by sequencing technology GRAS‐Di (genotyping by random amplicon sequencing, direct) reveals genetic structure of mangrove fishes

Molecular Ecology Resources, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 1153 - 1163

Published: April 22, 2019

While various technologies for high-throughput genotyping have been developed ecological studies, simple methods tolerant to low-quality DNA samples are still limited. In this study, we tested the availability of a random PCR-based genotyping-by-sequencing technology, by amplicon sequencing, direct (GRAS-Di). We focused on population genetic analysis estuarine mangrove fishes, including two resident species, Amboina cardinalfish (Fibramia amboinensis, Bleeker, 1853) and Duncker's river garfish (Zenarchopterus dunckeri, Mohr, 1926), marine migrant, blacktail snapper (Lutjanus fulvus, Forster, 1801). Collections were from Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. PCR amplicons derived ~130 individuals pooled sequenced in single lane HiSeq2500 platform, an average three million reads was obtained per individual. Consensus contigs assembled each species used nucleotide polymorphisms mapping trimmed onto contigs. After quality filtering steps, 4,000-9,000 putative detected species. Although fragmentation can diminish performance when analysed next-generation sequencing effect small. Genetic differentiation clear pattern isolation-by-distance observed F. amboinensis Z. dunckeri means principal component analysis, FST admixture analysis. By contrast, L. fulvus comprised genetically homogeneous with directional recent gene flow. These patterns reflect estuary use through life history. results showed power GRAS-Di fine-grained using field samples, fishes.

Language: Английский

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Long-Distance Benefits of Marine Reserves: Myth or Reality?

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 342 - 354

Published: Feb. 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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A trait-based framework for seagrass ecology: Trends and prospects

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 20, 2023

In the last three decades, quantitative approaches that rely on organism traits instead of taxonomy have advanced different fields ecological research through establishing mechanistic links between environmental drivers, functional traits, and ecosystem functions. A subfield where trait-based been frequently used but poorly synthesized is ecology seagrasses; marine angiosperms colonized ocean 100M YA today make up productive yet threatened coastal ecosystems globally. Here, we compiled a comprehensive response-effect framework (TBF) which builds previous concepts ideas, including use for study community assembly processes, from dispersal response to abiotic biotic factors, function service provision. We then apply this global seagrass literature, using systematic review identify strengths, gaps, opportunities field. Seagrass trait has mostly focused effect drivers i.e., "environmental filtering" (72%), whereas functions are less common (26.9%). Despite richness data available, related TBFs rare in literature (15% studies), relative importance neutral niche or influence dominance complementarity These knowledge gaps indicate ample potential further research, highlighting need understand unique seagrasses services they provide.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the design of the first marine protected area network in Pacific Canada under a changing climate

FACETS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 1 - 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Marine protected area (MPAs) networks can buffer marine ecosystems from the impacts of climate change by allowing species to redistribute as conditions and reducing other stressors. There are, however, few examples where has been considered in MPA network design. In this paper, we assess how considerations were integrated into design a newly released Northern Shelf Bioregion British Columbia, Canada, then evaluate resulting against projected physical biogeochemical changes biological responses. We found that representation, replication, size spacing recommendations phase met most cases. Furthermore, despite varying degrees temperature, dissolved oxygen, aragonite saturation across network, suitable habitat for demersal fish is remain some redistribution among sites. also mid-depth MPAs are particularly important persistence, move deeper avoid warming shallower areas. Our results highlight representative with adequate incorporates areas trajectory, should change.

Language: Английский

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Corridors and barriers to marine connectivity around southern Africa

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 731, P. 105 - 127

Published: April 26, 2023

Detailed knowledge on connectivity, i.e. the exchange of marine organisms among geographically separated populations, is essential for effective spatial planning strategies and design protected areas (MPAs) in coastal ecosystems. Coastal waters around southern Africa are characterized by complex oceanographic processes that strongly influence challenging management Here we reviewed connectivity studies conducted across 25° latitude both southeastern southwestern sides based biophysical modelling, ecological molecular approaches, identified 7 corridors 8 barriers recognized to a variety vertebrate invertebrate taxa commercial interest. These were generally consistent studies, species methodological reflected bioregion breaks. Nevertheless, life history traits appear be important understanding why some may notable stages not others. Our review underlines value including from different disciplines order have broad view and, particular, complementarity larval-dispersal models seascape genetics emphasized. The this represent baselines critically assess existing MPAs prioritize new efforts mitigate human impacts

Language: Английский

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Marine spatial planning for connectivity and conservation through ecological corridors between marine protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) promotes the sustainable human activities development and uses in marine space, playing a role their effective management. The enhancement of connectivity is crucial for conservation biodiversity landscape planning. Ecological Corridors (ECs) are an important type fragmented habitats. EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 includes ECs into network protected areas allows creation additional areas. MSP studies considering remain still lacking, especially design networks between Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs). In this paper, knowledge, tools investigating were reviewed, with systematic bibliometric analysis to summarize current scientific research. Previous integrating ecological planning have focused on models larval dispersal, adult movements, dispersal single species by using benthic habitat proxies. Few found environments: coral Caribbean reef systems Gulf Mexico; within habitats along Pacific coast Canada; MPAs British Columbia (Canada); analyzing migratory Yangtze estuary (China). Commonly used approaches project map environments least-cost circuit theories allowing incorporate movement cost or resistance movement, depending preferred returned 25 studies, most which from North America (40%) European countries (36%) largest share papers (68%) 2018 2022. This review pinpointed need different disciplines investigate policymakers practitioners recognize importance connectivity, even there significant challenges policies, planning, conservation.

Language: Английский

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An approach to incorporating inferred connectivity of adult movement into marine protected area design with limited data

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(4)

Published: March 31, 2019

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are important conservation tools that can support the resilience of marine ecosystems. Many countries, including Canada, have committed to protecting at least 10% their under Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11, which includes connectivity as a key aspect. Connectivity, movement individuals among habitats, enhance population stability and within MPAs. However, little is known about regional spatial patterns ecological connectivity, particularly adult movement. We developed method assess design MPA networks maximize inferred habitat types for when data limited. used Northern Shelf Bioregion in British Columbia, explore two different approaches: (1) evaluating sites (termed hotspots) (2) assessing network configurations based overlap with hotspots interconnectedness between To via movement, we threshold distances (15 50 km) capture moderate home ranges, most appropriate consider design. applied graph theory 16 depth categories (proxies distinct communities), novel multiplex methodologies perform an aggregated assessment connectivity. evaluated betweenness eigenvector centrality metrics, finding existing overlapped proportion these identified be considered candidate Network density MPAs was low individual networks, well multiplex. This work informs ongoing planning process, approaches incorporating into limited, lessons other contexts.

Language: Английский

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Synthesizing connectivity information from migratory marine species for area-based management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 283, P. 110142 - 110142

Published: May 31, 2023

Understanding the areas used by migratory marine animals and their movements is critical in supporting management decisions that target conservation. This especially important for long-lived species with large geographic extents are more vulnerable to multiple threats. We conducted a literature review on data collected 173 mammal, fish, sea turtle, seabird determined tracking animal telemetry methods was most effective tool demonstrating ecological connectivity. From references included review, we found turtles than other taxa, information all four taxa northern hemisphere. In addition, 30 % of presented process raw tracks, only 11 mentioned repository archiving data, there no significant trend number current conservation level. For case study (Atlantic bluefin tuna, humpback whale, loggerhead wandering albatross), published adults descriptions sites focused feeding breeding activities, while migration connectivity among were not well represented. Although reviewed, several knowledge gaps existed limitations within publications direct applications area-based management. provided recommendations address research guidance improve integration into decisions.

Language: Английский

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