Fish habitat ecology in a changing climate

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(2), P. 385 - 391

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Understanding the factors driving fish behavior, physiology, and survival is increasingly important during this period of unprecedented global change, given their implications for fisheries stability ecosystem health. Habitat quality quantity shape population dynamics eco-evolutionary trajectories. Quantifying habitat needs across all life stages (and predators prey) challenging, however, relies on diverse approaches such as field observations, laboratory experiments, genomics, chemical tracers, telemetry, modeling. Successful integration these data into management policy requires open constructive knowledge exchange between natural social scientists, stakeholders, managers, policymakers, new tools to analyse visualize complex datasets. Building social-ecological connectivity particularly in dynamic boundary systems (e.g., estuaries) protecting species characterized by trans-boundary movements rivers seas, or jurisdictional borders) if we are maximize benefits nature humans alike. Here, present a collection papers that deal with topics Special Issue born from Fisheries Society British Isles (FSBI) 2023 Symposium, "Fish Ecology Changing Climate" (see Figure 1), held at University Essex co-convened Centre Environment, Aquaculture Science (Cefas). The overarching theme was inspired previous Jack Jones Lecture Jonathan Rice, "Understanding ecology achieve conservation" (Rice, 2005), where he argues "habitat science can provide unifying concepts bring together ecological studies physiological tolerances, predator avoidance, foraging feeding, reproduction histories." broaden definition include downstream effects loss restoration) services human food supply nutrient requirements, how habitats interact space management. FSBI Symposium fall under five major themes, which have clear links UN Sustainable Development Goals Climate Action, Life Below Water), critical roles 2). populations first an appreciation they not static entities move different could key resources shelter seasons stages. movement (Theme 1) thus empirical analytical challenge be overcome. Fish also do exist isolation, so managing target stock understanding changes ecosystems, prey, may underpin unexpected declines interest. role webs 2) therefore essential more holistic ecosystem-based approach. Integrating single-species responses changing conditions movement, connectivity, wider web will increase our capacity predicting future distributions 3). Anticipating help inform sounder habitats, only sustainable harvesting development contemporary but safeguarding health ecosystems. This integrated approach reveal importance restoring support stage crucial resource act bottlenecks persistence climate. Therefore, integrating Themes 1–3 provides comprehensive template restoration 4). Optimizing conservation commercially valuable stocks surrounding ecosystems ultimately benefit aquatic environments (through provisioning regulating provide) socioeconomics (via many jobs support). Thus, quantifying, predicting, climate change central recognizing preserving objectives "One Health" 5), is, optimizing people, animals, environment. Aquatic intrinsically connected flow water carries genes, organisms, waste products them (Keeley et al., 2022). functional maintaining genetic trophic among patches promoting resilience disturbance; it rarely incorporated marine spatial planning (Cowen 2007; Darnaude 2024). partly because bodies span countries even continents, frequently managed national regional level. Although river flows ocean currents play areas, swim countercurrent, creating multidirectional linkages multiple spatiotemporal scales (Cavan 2019; Flecker 2010). Indeed, perform energetically costly migrations fitness, often seasonally feeding spawning areas and/or ontogenetically nursery adult stock, visualized classic migration triangle (Harden Jones, 1968). These cross boundaries, challenges monitoring (Hermoso 2021; Speed Furthermore, migratory been heavily impacted fragmentation degradation, overexploitation, resulting widespread declines, those spend least part cycle fresh (Deinet 2020). In Issue, Franklin al. (2024) review expected affect structural discussing predicted distribution shifts response warming, hypoxia, other stressors. They outline solutions nature-positive adaptation, strategic planning, defining shifting baseline, adaptive management, performing relevant detect through time. although intraspecific biodiversity—such expression contingents within (Secor 2020)—underpins resilience, genotypic phenotypic traits monitored, being cited "hidden biodiversity crisis" (Des Roches 2021). Willmes (2024), frequency strategies Chinook salmon California described over 10-year period, both juvenile results highlight connections upstream well higher life-history diversity than despite century anthropogenic study shows climate-associated variation behavior growth should accounted when setting single baseline. Tracking settings remains ongoing challenge, increasing numbers demonstrating combining methods (otolith markers, biophysical modeling, tagging) assessing realms Brophy 2020; Michalsen 2014; growth, phenology any inherently dependent structure productivity web. imperative consider interactions complete respond change. For example, larger widely unfavored warmer (Baudron Eskuche-Keith 2024; see Audzijonyte 2020) due metabolic demands inefficient transfer energy longer chains (Barneche Brown 2004). However, size abundance actually temperature there sufficient primary greater biomasses helping overcome energetic constraints (Binzer 2012; O'Gorman 2017). Conversely, stronger warming lead simpler fewer intermediate otherwise persist face (O'Gorman 2023; Svensson bottom-up top-down control determining individual tolerate thrive conditions. Thorpe identify current limitation predictive research, whereby zooplankton poorly represented models though intermediary production communities. show sensitive treatment scenario 2°C, illustrating accurately capturing forecasting transcend Massie showing freshwater subsidies estuarine low levels body condition prized game fish. Such improve decisions aimed conserving ecologically socioeconomically species. ability forage along salinity gradient some increases inundation coastal estuaries (MacRae Recognizing one thing, incorporating biomonitoring has impeded difficulty time-consuming documenting plasticity environmental Rapid advances DNA metabarcoding could, bridge toward research (Canals rapid develop quantitative stages, biotic abiotic abundance. Using relationships, better parameterize forecast alternative scenarios. Warming, stressors faced linked large-scale latitudes (Chen 2011; Dahms & Killen, 2023), deeper depths (Currey 2015), elevations (Comte Grenouillet, 2013). Collectively, distributional transboundary governance (Palacios-Abrantes 2022) disproportionate impact protein lower (Lam Accurately projected collation synthesis wide range disciplines, including laboratory- field-based physiology thermal tolerance limits, genetics capacity, community (Waller using otolith-derived rate estimates Bluefin tuna, Trueman (2023) showed become thermally limiting species, suitability modeling demonstrated lack suitable means waters always viable option (Rutterford 2015). Vertical compression further exacerbated combined fishing pressure, deoxygenation, elasmobranchs restricted narrower depths, discussed extensive Waller Issue. highlighted Mukherjee Bhat empirically tested influence regimes foraging, shoaling three tropical found displayed constant versus periodic exposure elevated temperatures. Meanwhile, Ellis West Scotland cod exhibited poleward shift 1985 2021, trend shared Celtic Irish Sea stocks. Ultimately, individual- population-level interacting require innovative combine information presence/absence (Ellis Shelton 2022), tagging sensor technologies 2024), experiments (Killen Bhat, tags (Cordoleani embracing machine learning artificial intelligence (Sonnewald One successful involves building strengthening communication academia, policymakers capital nature-based solutions. Monitoring, protecting, supporting entire cycle, effective planning. About 30 years ago, industry authorities focused mainly food. There now need ensure long-term security context marine, coastal, riverine (Hák 2016). decade now, targets contributing healthy productive environment commercial recreational sectors (Rice Connolly, 2007). includes emergence decision-making process (Graham sharing ownership fishers incentive sustainably participatory (Hart, As decision makers try manage alongside growing occupying space, offshore wind infrastructure, evidence scientific advice activities whole (Piet Murray perspective emerging issues collaborative platforms offer address rapidly climatic, ecological, socioeconomic landscapes. Key themes addressed trade-off climatic renewable its impacts fisheries, value quantifying gene mitigating transition issue availability factor Exploring fill gaps gathering pace. Dawson used otolith daily rings demonstrate 2-month mismatch closure European sea bass peak window supplying northern Wales. Multiple grounds Freeman explore fine-scale use newly settled bass, high abundances sandflat stomach fullness indices sampled saltmarshes, whereas differences two nearby Collectively suggest vary short microhabitats estuary fulfill roles, providing predation improved opportunities. highlights full suite types seascape opportunities early efforts histories fishes depend nearshore ten Brink guilds (estuarine residents vs. estuarine-dependent grounds) exhibit somatic availability. seafood considered fastest-growing traded products, reflecting consumption habits around world (FAO, pointing pressures influencing populations. heatwaves, contaminants, parasites, hypoxia fitness), bringing concerns well-being. framework-setting safeguard resilient maritime economies (UK Government, MOAT, OSPAR, 2021), adaptation mitigate sustainability aquaculture sectors. concept brings humans, plants, environment, offering toolbox (Queenan 2017; Stentiford Nguyen describe symbiotic relationships anemones, insights mechanisms acclimation immunological naturally occurring toxins, basis unique needs. de Roos eloquently explains balancing consumer outcomes, chains, dietary guidelines optimize delivery regions source nutrition (Robinson yields nutrients maximized (de Roos, novel vital environmentally societally strive net zero carbon emissions 2050. We immensely proud hosted cohosting Cefas symbolic ambition meaningful collaborations academic government scientists. participants presenters conference spanned backgrounds, stakeholders. were stimulating talks, vibrant discussion sessions, exuberant interactions, ensuring best possible mixing people backgrounds stimulate conversations ideas improving field. Cross-disciplinary initiatives engaging public included art exhibition ("Connecting Shoals") exploring enhance engagement science, documentary ("Riverwoods") highlighting perilous state Scottish deforestation. During week, made films memories (Sturrock, 2024a) young marginalized communities, general while big technology 2024b). hope Journal Biology helpful snapshot multidisciplinary showcased conference, exciting still come. Conceptualisation, writing, review: E.J.O., R.P.V. A.M.S. grateful co-editors Dr Martin Wilkes David Murray, editor-in-chief Michel Kaiser, reviewers whose contributions helped thank Council, Essex, Cefas, Buckland Foundation, COST Action CA19107 SEA-UNICORN supported Cooperation Technology, Wiley, Thelma Biotel, Fishtrack Limited, Viewpoint Behavior Echoview financial logistical Symposium. Phil Lamb Kirsty Bradley graphical design, organizing committees attendees success. E.J.O. acknowledges funding NERC (NE/Y001184/1). Salary provided UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship [MR/V023578/1].

Language: Английский

How well do connectivity tools agree over the full life cycle? A case study of Irish Sea plaice Pleuronectes platessaLinnaeus, 1758

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Abstract Adult plaice in the Irish Sea have distinct traits that reflect spawning locations could suggest a number of different populations. However, do connectivity pathways support this concept? Different tools are directed at measuring exchange or between life‐history stages, and challenge is to integrate signals obtain full life‐cycle estimates. Collectively, methods reveal stable known nursery grounds, with sufficient maintain single population weak genetic structure.

Language: Английский