Mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) as emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets for chronic human diseases

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 25, 2025

Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles that undertake the majority of energetic and metabolic processes within cell. They also responsible for mediating multiple apoptotic pathways, balancing redox charges, scavenging reactive oxygen species. MicroRNAs, which short, non-coding RNAs widely known regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level, regulate many these processes. The specific microRNAs directly or indirectly control mitochondrial dynamics called miRNAs (mitomiRs). broadest classification this type ncRNA encompasses nuclear-encoded interact with cytoplasmatic mRNAs associated activity. At same time, a more subset comprises translocate into mitochondria to inside organelle. Finally, smallest group mitomiRs includes those codified by mtDNA can endogenous transcripts be transported cytoplasm modulate circulating mRNAs. Regardless origin action mechanism, have been recently recognized key role in progression variety chronic disorders, such as neurodegenerative cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, asthma, depression, even cancer. All progressive pathologies tightly linked dysregulation. further an aberrant cellular metabolism, positioning reliable biomarkers diagnosing several diseases. These molecular indicators provided insights how conditions progress, allowing development different miRNA-based treatment strategies target dysregulated mitochondrial-related genes, reestablishing their baseline activity restricting disease progression.

Language: Английский

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The impact of biomaterial characteristics on macrophage phenotypes in tissue engineering: a review

Plastic and Aesthetic Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Macrophages are highly plastic cells central to pathogen removal, tissue regeneration, and inflammation, making them key targets in biomaterial design for improved clinical outcomes. Foreign body responses (FBRs) implanted biomaterials often involve excessive macrophage-mediated leading fibrotic encapsulation, infection, implant failure. Advances engineering demonstrate that macrophage polarization - the transition from pro-inflammatory M1 anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes can be influenced by properties mitigate these enhance regeneration. This review synthesizes relationship between properties, such as surface chemistry, structure, stiffness, their ability modulate behavior. Key innovations, including tailored scaffold architectures, bioactive coatings, cytokine delivery systems, have shown promise guiding bone, soft tissue, head neck reconstruction Strategies like hydrogels nanostructured materials enable spatially temporally controlled modulation, mimicking native extracellular matrix dynamics, mitigating chronic accelerating vascularization, remodeling, integration. By integrating recent findings, this provides a framework designing actively activity overcome FBR healing. It identifies critical gaps, understanding macrophage-stromal interactions, developing personalized designs address patient variability, leveraging advanced technologies artificial intelligence optimization. These insights advance development of restore function unmet needs regenerative medicine.

Language: Английский

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Application of Cellulose Scaffolds for Drug Delivery and MicroRNAs in Bone Formation and Bone Defect Repair

Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA Nobel Prize: Timely Recognition and High Anticipation of Future Products—A Prospective Analysis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12883 - 12883

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) maintain cellular homeostasis by blocking mRNAs binding with them to fine-tune the expression of genes across numerous biological pathways. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for discovering miRNAs was long overdue. We anticipate a deluge research work involving repeat history prizes awarded on other RNAs. Although miRNA therapies are included several complex diseases, realization that regulate their roles addressing hundreds diseases expected; but advancement drug discovery tools, we even faster entry new drugs. To promote this, provide details current science, logic, intellectual property, formulations, regulatory process anticipation many more researchers will introduce novel based discussion advice provided this paper.

Language: Английский

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GABPα targeted by miR-378a-5p inhibits the growth and angiogenesis of colorectal carcinoma

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106729 - 106729

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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