Periodontal tissue stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells in the periodontal ligament

Japanese Dental Science Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 172 - 178

Published: May 17, 2022

Periodontal tissue stem cells, which play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of periodontal tissues, are found ligament (PDL). These cells have long been referred to as mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSCs), and their clinical applications extensively studied. However, PDL not thoroughly investigated, they may be different from MSCs. Recent advances cell biology, such genetic lineage tracing, identification label-retaining single-cell transcriptome analysis, made it possible analyze vivo. In this review, we summarize recent findings on these populations discuss future research directions toward developing regenerative therapy.

Language: Английский

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Huntington’s Disease Drug Development: A Phase 3 Pipeline Analysis

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1513 - 1513

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disorder in which sufferers exhibit different combinations of movement disorders, dementia, and behavioral or psychiatric abnormalities. The result trinucleotide repeat expansion mutation that inherited an autosomal dominant manner. While there currently no treatment to alter the course HD, are medications lessen abnormal symptoms. ClinicalTrials.gov was searched identify drugs have completed phase III drug trials for HD. described were further limited interventional studies recruiting, active not completed. In addition, all must posted update within past year. PubMed used gather information on these studies. Of nine clinical met criteria, eight involved following drugs: metformin, dextromethorphan/quinidine, deutetrabenazine, valbenazine, Cellavita pridopidine, SAGE-718, RO7234292 (RG6042). treatments, four already FDA approved. This systematic review provides resource summarizes present therapies treating this devastating condition United States.

Language: Английский

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Vascularized adipose tissue engineering: moving towards soft tissue reconstruction

Biofabrication, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 032003 - 032003

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Soft tissue defects are a common clinical challenge mostly caused by trauma, congenital anomalies and oncological surgery. Current soft reconstruction options include synthetic materials (fillers implants) autologous adipose transplantation through flap surgery and/or lipotransfer. Both reconstructive hold important disadvantages to which vascularized engineering (VATE) strategies could offer solutions. In this review, we first summarized pivotal characteristics of functional such as the structure, function, cell types, development extracellular matrix (ECM). Next, discussed relevant sources how they applied in different state-of-the-art VATE techniques. Herein, biomaterial scaffolds hydrogels, ECMs, spheroids, organoids, sheets, three dimensional printing microfluidics overviewed. Also, included vesicles emphasized their potential role VATE. Lastly, current challenges future perspectives pointed out help pave road towards applications.

Language: Английский

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Effects of different signaling pathways on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells: a review

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal that can differentiate into odontoblast-like and protect the pulp. The differentiation DPSCs be influenced by biomaterials or growth factors activate different signaling pathways in vitro vivo . In this review, we summarized six major involved odontogenic DPSCs, Wnt pathways, Smad MAPK NF-kB PI3K/AKT/mTOR Notch pathways. Various influence through one more By understanding interactions between these expand our knowledge mechanisms underlying regeneration pulp–dentin complex.

Language: Английский

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A Review of Stem Cell Attributes Derived from the Oral Cavity

International Dental Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(5), P. 1129 - 1141

Published: April 6, 2024

Oral cavity stem cells (OCSCs) have been the focus of intense scientific efforts due to their accessibility and cell properties. The present work aims compare different characteristics 6 types dental derived from oral cavity: pulp (DPSC), human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament (PDLSC), apical papilla (SCAP), bone marrow mesenchymal (BMSC), gingival (GMSC). Using immunofluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques, we analysed for cell, differentiation, adhesion, extracellular matrix markers; ability proliferate in vitro; multilineage differentiation potential. Markers such as vimentin, CD44, alkaline phosphatase, CD146, CD271, CD49f, Oct 3/4, Sox 9, FGF7, nestin, BMP4 showed significant differences expression levels, highlighting heterogeneity unique each type. At same time, confirmed that all successfully differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipose lineages, with readiness. In conclusion, our study reveals distinct properties potential applications various dental-derived cells. These findings contribute a deeper understanding OCSCs significance future clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics approach reveals TGF-β signaling-driven senescence in periodontium stem cells

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Dental Pulp and Periodontal Stem Cells: Differences in Morphology, Functionality, Osteogenic Differentiation and Proteome

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1606 - 1606

Published: Nov. 3, 2021

Dental stem cells are heterogeneous in their properties. Despite common origin from neural crest cells, they have different functional capacities and biological functions due to niche influence. In this study, we assessed the differences between dental pulp (DPSC) periodontal ligament (PDLSC) pluripotency neuroepithelial markers transcription, morphological features, osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation proteomic profile during osteogenic differentiation. The data were collected paired observations: two cell cultures, DPSC PDLSC, obtained each donor. Both populations had mesenchymal surface marker set exposed on membranes but differed Nestin (a of neuroectodermal origin) expression, morphology, proliferation rate. OCT4 mRNA was revealed while protein present nuclei only. However, transcription 1000–10,000-fold lower than blastocysts. proliferated at a slower rate shape closer polygonal responded better stimuli as compared PDLSC. RUNX2 detected by qPCR both types LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics only PDLSC suggesting posttranscriptional regulation. DSPP DMP1, genes odontoblastic type differentiation, transcribed not samples. Our results prove that biology therapeutic potential: good candidate for or odontogenic bone-replacement cell-seeded medicines, fast proliferating prospective other products.

Language: Английский

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Photobiomodulation Effects on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 544 - 558

Published: May 31, 2022

Background: Stem cell therapy has been considered to play a paramount role in the treatment modalities available for regenerative dentistry. The established beneficial effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) at cellular level have led combined use these two factors (PBM and stem cells). main goal this study was firstly critically appraise PBM on periodontal ligament cells (PDLSCs), secondly explore most effective protocols applied. Methods: Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar search engines were used identify experimental vitro studies which applied cultured PDLSCs. After applying specific keywords, additional filters, inclusion/exclusion criteria, preliminary number 245 articles narrowed down 11 lasers LEDs within 630 - 1064 nm wavelength range. Selected further assessed by three independent reviewers strict compliance with PRISMA guidelines, modified Cochrane risk bias determine eligibility. Statistical Analysis: dataset analysed extracted from sufficient clearly presented protocols. Simple univariate regression analysis performed significance contributions potential quantitative predictor variables toward outcomes, one-way ANOVA model employed testing differences between laser or LED sources treatments. set α = 0.05. Results: proliferation rate, osteogenic differentiation, expression different indicative genes osteogenesis inflammation suppression found be positively affected application various types LEDs. With regard protocol, only variable appeared affect outcome; indeed, 940 parameter not exert favourable effect. Conclusions: Photobiomodulation can enhance stemness differentiation capacities cells. Therefore, protocols, there remains no consensus amongst scientific community. analyses here indicated that employment near-infrared (NIR) may yield significant outcome, although those 830 range did so. Concerning fluence, it should exceed 8 J/cm2 when is devices, 4 lasers, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Mechanical Signaling in Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(10)

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal derived from dental that serves as an important model for investigating biological regeneration. DPSCs have multipotent differentiation capacity and can promote different processes, including osteogenesis, odontogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis. These processes regulated by extensive range intra- extra-cellular factors. Further, biomechanical cues, such substrate stiffness, physical stress, cell spreading, been highlighted particularly modulators DPSC function. This review sought to discuss various related signaling components involved in cues their respective roles cellular tissue responses DPSCs, summarize current findings, provide outlook on the potential applications biomechanics regenerative medicine engineering.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogels promote periodontal regeneration

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 17, 2024

Periodontal defects involve the damage and loss of periodontal tissue, primarily caused by periodontitis. This inflammatory disease, resulting from various factors, can lead to irreversible harm tissues supporting teeth if not treated effectively, potentially in tooth or loosening. Such outcomes significantly impact a patient’s facial appearance their ability eat speak. Current clinical treatments for periodontitis, including surgery, root planing, types curettage, as well local antibiotic injections, aim mitigate symptoms halt disease progression. However, these methods fall short fully restoring original structure functionality affected due complex deep pockets intricate nature tissue. To overcome limitations, numerous biomaterials have been explored tissue regeneration, with hydrogels being particularly noteworthy. Hydrogels are favored research exceptional absorption capacity, biodegradability, tunable mechanical properties. They shown promise barrier membranes, scaffolds, carriers cell transplantation drug delivery systems regeneration therapy. The review concludes discussing ongoing challenges future prospects hydrogel applications treatment.

Language: Английский

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