Gut–Liver–Pancreas Axis Crosstalk in Health and Disease: From the Role of Microbial Metabolites to Innovative Microbiota Manipulating Strategies

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1398 - 1398

Published: June 24, 2024

The functions of the gut are closely related to those many other organs in human body. Indeed, microbiota (GM) metabolize several nutrients and compounds that, once released bloodstream, can reach distant organs, thus influencing metabolic inflammatory tone host. main microbiota-derived metabolites responsible for modulation endocrine responses short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). These molecules (i) regulate pancreatic hormones (insulin glucagon), (ii) increase glycogen synthesis liver, (iii) boost energy expenditure, especially skeletal muscles brown adipose tissue. In words, they critical maintaining glucose lipid homeostasis. GM dysbiosis, imbalance microbiota-related products affect proper functions, including gut–liver–pancreas axis (GLPA). addition, dysbiosis contribute onset some diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)/non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), type 2 diabetes (T2D). this review, we explored roles their involvement progression these diseases. detailed microbiota-modulating strategies that could improve diseases’ development by restoring healthy balance GLPA.

Language: Английский

---

Probiotics and prebiotics: potential prevention and therapeutic target for nutritional management of COVID-19?

Nutrition Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(2), P. 181 - 198

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Scientists are working to identify prevention/treatment methods and clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nutritional status diet have a major impact on the COVID-19 process, mainly because bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota lung, that is, gut-lung axis. Individuals with inadequate nutritional pre-existing imbalance in immunity as seen obesity, diabetes, hypertension other chronic diseases. Communication lungs or organs systems may trigger worse viral respiratory infections. Thus, this review addresses new insights into use probiotics prebiotics preventive strategy managing infections such highlighting their anti-inflammatory effects against main signs symptoms associated COVID-19. Literature search was performed through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus Web Science databases; relevant articles were included. Significant randomised trials suggest specific and/or reduce diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, cough, sore throat, fever, infection complications acute distress syndrome. These beneficial linked modulation microbiota, products microbial metabolism antiviral activity, immune-regulatory properties Treg cell production function. There is need conduct pre-clinical assess combined effect consuming these components undergoing current therapies for

Language: Английский

---

Harnessing the potential of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disorders

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 9, 2023

In the current scenario, prolonged consumption of alcohol across globe is upsurging an appreciable number patients with risk alcohol-associated liver diseases. According to recent report, gut-liver axis crucial in progression alcohol-induced diseases, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite several factors associated alcoholic complexity gut microflora its great interaction have become a fascinating area for researchers due high exposure free radicals, bacterial endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides, inflammatory markers, etc. Undoubtedly, microbiota imbalance stimulates dysbiosis, disrupts intestinal barrier function, trigger immune as well responses which further aggravate hepatic injury. Since currently available drugs mitigate disorders significant side effects, hence, probiotics been widely researched alleviate diseases improve health. A broad range probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus , Bifidobacteria Escherichia coli Sacchromyces Lactococcus are used reduce or halt Several underlying mechanisms, alteration microbiome, modulation function response, reduction level translocation, implicated through can effectively suppress occurrence disorders. This review addresses therapeutic applications treatment Novel insights into mechanisms by prevent also elaborated.

Language: Английский

---

Systematic Review of Probiotics and Their Potential for Developing Functional Nondairy Foods

Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 47 - 69

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

The gastrointestinal tract is an environment that hosts various microorganisms, including pathogens. Generally, pathogenic bacteria enter the host body through food and tract. These can colonize or infiltrate cells tissues, causing infectious diseases. In recent years, protective role of probiotic against pathogens has been carefully investigated. Probiotics have found to modulate intestinal microbial flora play a significant in tract’s function, especially by inhibiting growth bacteria. However, mechanism action probiotics yet be sufficiently proven recognized. Several important mechanisms support antagonistic effects on which achieved, for example, production different antimicrobial compounds, such as bacteriocins, organic acids, antibiotics, proteins, exopolysaccharides; mucosal barriers with mucosa binding blockers; competition nutrient uptake; strengthening immune system. Accordingly, this review summarizes studies examined their beneficial preventing bacterial improving functions. Comprehending allows selection appropriate strains specific applications dysfunction.

Language: Английский

---

Immunological consequences of microbiome-based therapeutics

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

The complex network of microscopic organisms living on and within humans, collectively referred to as the microbiome, produce wide array biologically active molecules that shape our health. Disruption microbiome is associated with susceptibility a range diseases such cancer, diabetes, allergy, obesity, infection. A new series next-generation microbiome-based therapies are being developed treat these by transplanting bacteria or bacterial-derived byproducts into diseased individual reset recipient’s restore Microbiome transplantation therapy still in its early stages routine treatment option and, few notable exceptions, has had limited success clinical trials. In this review, we highlight successes challenges implementing disease focus interactions between immune system therapeutics. activation status transplant recipient prior an important role supporting bacterial engraftment. Following engraftment, derived signals can modulate function ameliorate disease. As novel therapeutics developed, consideration how transplants will interact be key factor determining whether elicits intended therapeutic effect.

Language: Английский

---