Advances in Host–Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis: Emerging Strategies for Therapeutic Intervention

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1621 - 1621

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most challenging infectious diseases, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) employing sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immunity and establish persistent infections. This review explores recent advances in understanding Mtb's immune evasion strategies; granuloma dynamics; emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Key findings highlight manipulation autophagy; metabolic reprogramming; cytokine pathways by Mtb sustain its survival within cells. Insights into formation reveal critical role bacterial lipids; modulation; hypoxia-driven dormancy maintaining chronic infection. Innovative therapeutic strategies, including host-directed therapies; epigenetic interventions; immunomodulators, hold promise for improving TB management combating drug-resistant strains. Despite these advancements, significant challenges remain, development effective vaccines; addressing latent TB; ensuring equitable access novel treatments. The integration advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence multi-omics approaches, alongside global collaboration, is essential overcome hurdles. underscores importance a multidisciplinary approach tackling TB, ultimate goal eradicating this health threat.

Language: Английский

Immunomodulatory Significance of Mast Cell Exosomes (MC-EXOs) in Immune Response Coordination

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

Exosome biosensors for detection of prostate cancer

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 571, P. 120243 - 120243

Published: March 14, 2025

Language: Английский