Thyroid function during COVID-19 and post-COVID complications in adults: a systematic review

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has presented multifaceted health challenges. COVID-19 primarily targets system but also affects multiple organ systems, including endocrine system. Emerging evidence suggests interactions between thyroid function, phase of COVID-19, and prolonged symptoms known as post-COVID sequalae or long COVID. Several studies have reported that can induce dysfunction, leading to conditions such thyroiditis alterations in hormone levels. mechanisms through which SARS-CoV-2 include direct viral infection cells, thyroiditis, causes inflammation transient sustained well an excessive systemic immune response (cytokine storm). This is associated with elevated levels cytokines, IL-6, disrupt function lead nonthyroidal illness (NTIS). Medications administered during phase, corticosteroids antiviral drugs, impact actions. involvement gland COVID, postacute sequelae infection, area not defined, potential implications for understanding managing this condition. Persistent low-grade affecting over time ongoing exacerbate pre-existing conditions. Viral infections, SARS-CoV-2, trigger worsen autoimmune diseases, Hashimoto’s Graves’ disease. Long COVID may hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, can, turn, affect hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) abnormal function. review was designed systematically capture recent literature on COVID-19-related dysfunction adult population, prognostic consequences effects patients A comprehensive search PubMed EMBASE databases conducted. systematic performed based Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Study quality assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). total 53 met inclusion criteria. summarises findings provides update current spectrum disorders, underscoring complex nature its far-reaching impacts human health.

Language: Английский

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Increasing prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in childhood type 1 diabetes in the pre-COVID but not during the COVID era

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Introduction Studies assessing longitudinal changes in the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) among pediatric population are limited. During COVID-19 era, several papers proposed a rise AIT cases. Our study aimed to analyze thyroid autoimmunity (TA) over 10-year period spanning pre-pandemic and pandemic years who regularly screened for disturbances. Materials methods This single-center retrospective cohort analyzed data from 1,361 children young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated between 2013 2022 Hungary’s largest endocrinology center. Results anti-thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase/ATPO/and antithyroglobulin/ATG/), function tests (TFTs) ultrasound examinations were obtained. Annual rates TA ultrasound-proven calculated. Mean (± SD) follow-up was 4.7 2.8) years. The overall our T1D 22.8% ([20.3;25.5], 310 cases) significantly more girls affected (p<0.001). From 2022, rose 15.9% 20.6% (p=0.041). increase detected during but not era. Ultrasound-confirmed present 80.0% examined Ultrasound positivity rate stable period. Among TA, 28.5% exhibited clinically relevant thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) abnormalities (most commonly subclinical hypothyroidism) and/or prescribed medication. Children had elevated risk dysfunction compared those only autoantibody Conclusion results show past decade, do support assumed role SARS-CoV-2 development disease.

Language: Английский

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Autoantibody development is associated with clinical severity of COVID-19: A cohort study

Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 274, P. 110471 - 110471

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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The impact of COVID-19 on autoimmune diseases

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determining neutrophil elastase (NE) – a potential useful marker of multi-organ damage observed in COVID-19 and post-Covid-19 (PCS)

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

The ongoing post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) epidemic, causing complications of diverse etiology, necessitates the search for new diagnostic markers and development widely accessible methods their detection. This would enable prognosis PCS progression faster implementation targeted treatments. One potential marker is neutrophil elastase (NE), whose elevated levels in blood during may result from organ damage caused by increased secretion severe inflammatory mediators or amyloidosis resulting interaction NE with SARS-CoV-2. aim this publication to present a step-by-step method designing an enzymatic ELISA test, enabling quantitative assessment serum patients. was measured using designed test. study outlines all steps necessary optimizing including selection standards, primary secondary antibodies, dilutions. Using were demonstrated patients advanced-stage diabetic nephropathy after symptomatic COVID-19, compared relative group sampled before COVID-19. undertaken efforts enabled test high performance parameters (initially set sensitivity: ≥40 pg/μL; intra-assay precision: 7%; inter-assay precision <20%). No significant cross-reactivity other tested proteins observed. Serial dilution plasma samples resulted proportional decrease signal intensity.

Language: Английский

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Thyroid disorders and COVID-19: a comprehensive review of literature

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 19, 2025

The literature is rapidly evolving with regards to the endocrine consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal and pituitary disorders. There evidence suggesting that severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead dysfunction long-term sequelae. We aimed review current propose a preventive approach based on published data since beginning COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive was conducted using electronic databases PubMed Google Scholar. Two authors independently used keywords "Thyroid, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Graves, Thyroid Eye Disease, or Thyroiditis" "Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19" search these databases. screened titles abstracts for initial selection then reviewed full text relevant studies report outcomes data. selected 28 manuscripts. appears similar other viruses. It affects function resulting in non-thyroidal illness syndrome, which usually resolves spontaneously. also causes subacute thyroiditis. may trigger autoimmunity against leads autoimmune Autoimmune thyroiditis progress clinical subclinical hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism. Patients pre-existing probably have risks related adverse outcomes. Evaluation important patients. Improving efficacy treatment reduce short-term complications. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023447994.

Language: Английский

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The interlink between thyroid autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and the impact on male and female fertility

HORMONES, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 429 - 437

Published: May 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and factors associated with thyroid autoimmunity among children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Evidence from Kuwait

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(5)

Published: June 5, 2024

Abstract Aims This study reports the prevalence and characteristics related to development of thyroid autoimmunity among children newly diagnosed with type I diabetes (T1D) during COVID‐19 pandemic in Kuwait. Materials Methods is a prospective observational all under age 14 years T1D We define duration from official declaration first identified positive case on 24 February 2020 until 31 December 2022. For comparison, we use time period directly before pandemic, 1 January 2017 23 2020. Results One thousand twenty‐four (1024) Kuwait were included. Among children, 20.3% tested for antibodies compared 14.5% pre‐pandemic ( p = 0.015). Children status more likely present 0.035). After adjusting other characteristics, patients had double odds testing (Adjusted ratio 2.173, 95%CI: 1.108, 4.261, 0.024). Conclusions Incident cases may be different aetiology or contextual factors leading higher risk autoimmunity. Longitudinal studies are needed understand role onset progression disease.

Language: Английский

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No Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Mortality for Thyroid Cancer in the US. Comment on Lee et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Thyroid Cancer Surgery. Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31, 3579–3590

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(10), P. 6267 - 6269

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Thyroid cancer is relatively rare in the general population compared to other malignancies, but its incidence appears have increased recent decades [...]

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Contrasts and Similarities of Dengue and SARS-CoV-2 Infections During the COVID-19 Era

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11624 - 11624

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Extensive research has been conducted on the SARS-CoV-2 virus in association with various infectious diseases to understand pathophysiology of infection and potential co-infections. In tropical countries, exposure local viruses may alter course coinfection. Notably, only a portion antibodies produced against proteins demonstrate neutralizing properties, immune response following natural tends be temporary. contrast, long-lasting IgG are common after dengue infections. cases where preexisting from an initial bind different serotype during subsequent infection, there is for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) formation complexes associated disease severity. Both infections can result immunodeficiency. Viral both interfere host's IFN-I signaling. Additionally, cytokine storm occur viral impairing proper response, autoantibodies wide array appear convalescence. Most reported typically short-lived. Vaccines affecting enhancing clearance. A comprehensive analysis pathogenicity revisited prevent severity, mortality.

Language: Английский

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